作文一:《故宫的英文介绍》2100字
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What strikes one first in a bird’s -eye view of Beijing proper is a vast tract of golden roofs
flashing brilliantly in the sun with purple walls occasionally emerging amid them and a stretch of luxuriant tree leaves flanking on each side. That is the former Imperial Palace, popularly known as the Forbidden City, from which tty-four emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruled China for some 500 years——from1420 to 1911. The Ming Emperor Yong Le, who usurped the
throne from his nephew and made Beijing the capital, ordered its construction, on which approximately 10,000 artists and a million workmen toiled for 14 years from 1406 to 1420. At present, the Palace is an elaborate museum that presents the largest and most plete ensemble of traditional architecture plex and more than 900,000 pieces of court treasures in all dynasties
Located in the center of Beijing, the entire palace area, rectangular in shape and 72 in China.
hectares in size, is surrounded by walls ten meters high and a moat 52 meters wide. At each corner of the wall stands a watchtower with a double-eave roof covered with yellow glazed tiles. The
main buildings, the six great halls, one following the other, are set facing south along the central north-south axis from the Meridian Gate, the south entrance, to Shenwumen, the great gate piercing in the north wall. On either side of the palace are many paratively small buildings. Symmetrically in the northeastern section lie the six Eastern Palaces and in the northwestern section the six Western Palaces. The Palace area is divided into two parts: the Outer Court and the Inner Palace. The former consists of the first three main halls, where the emperor received his courtiers and conducted grand ceremonies, while the latter was the living quarters for the imperial residence. At the rear of the Inner Palace is the Imperial Garden where the emperor and his family sought recreation. The main entrance to the Palace is the Merid
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作文二:《故宫的英文介绍》8500字
故宫的英文介绍
What strikes one first in a bird's -eye view of Beijing proper is a vast tract of golden roofs flashing brilliantly in the sun with purple walls occasionally emerging amid them and a stretch of luxuriant tree leaves flanking on each side. That is the former Imperial Palace, popularly known as the Forbidden City, from which tty-four emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruled China for some 500 years——from1420 to 1911. The Ming Emperor Yong Le, who usurped the throne from his nephew and made Beijing the capital, ordered its construction, on which approximately 10,000 artists and a million workmen toiled for 14 years from 1406 to 1420. At present, the Palace is an elaborate museum that presents the largest and most plete ensemble of traditional
architecture plex and more than 900,000 pieces of court treasures in all dynasties in China.
Located in the center of Beijing, the entire palace area, rectangular in shape and 72 hectares in size, is surrounded by walls ten meters high and a moat 52 meters wide. At each corner of the wall stands a
watchtower with a double-eave roof covered with yellow glazed tiles. The main buildings, the six great halls, one following the other, are set facing south along the central north-south axis from the Meridian Gate, the south entrance, to Shenwumen, the great gate piercing in the north wall. On either side of the palace are many paratively small
buildings. Symmetrically in the northeastern section lie the six Eastern Palaces and in the northwestern section the six Western Palaces. The Palace area is divided into two parts: the Outer Court and the Inner Palace. The former consists of the first three main halls, where the emperor received his courtiers and conducted grand ceremonies, while the latter was the living quarters for the imperial residence. At the rear of the Inner Palace is the Imperial Garden where the emperor and his family sought recreation.
The main entrance to the Palace is the Meridian Gate(1), which was so named because the emperor considered himself the "Son of the Heaven" and the Palace the center of the universe, hence the
north-south axis as the Meridian line going right through the Palace. The gate is crowned with five towers, monly known as the Five-Phoenix Towers(2), which were installed with drums and bells. When the
emperor t to the Temple of Heaven, bells were struck to mark this important occasion. When he t to the Ancestral Temple, it was the drums that were beaten to publicize the event.
Beyond the Meridian Gate unfolds a vast courtyard across which the Inner Golden Water River runs from east to west. The river is
spanned by five bridges, which were supposed to be symbols of the five virtues preached by Confucius——benevolence, righteousness, rites, intelligence, and fidelity(3).
At the north end of the courtyard is a three-tiered white marble terrace, seven meters above the ground, on which, one after another, stand three majestic halls; the Hall of Supreme Harmony(4), the Hall of Complete Harmony(5), and the Hall of Preserving Harmony(6).
The Hall of Supreme Harmony, rectangular in shape, 27 meters in height, 2,300 square meters in area, is the grandest and most important hall in the Palace plex. It is also China's largest existing palace of wood structure and an outstanding example of brilliant color
binations. This hall used to be the throne hall for ceremonies which marked great occasions: the Winter Solstice, the Spring Festival, the emperor's birthday and enthronement, and the dispatch of generals to battles, etc. On such occasions there would be an imperial guard of honor standing in front of the Hall that extended all the way to the Meridian gate.
On the north face of the hall in the center of four coiled-golden dragon columns is the "Golden Throne", which was carved out of sandalwood. The throne rests on a two-meter-high platform with a screen behind it. In front of it, to the left and right, stand ornamental cranes, incense burners and other ornaments. The dragon columns entwined with golden dragons measure one meter in diameter. The throne itself, the platform and the screen are all carved with dragon designs. High above the throne is a color-painted coffered ceiling which
changes in shape from square to octagonal to circular as it ascends layer upon layer. The utmost central vault is carved with the gilded design of a dragon toying with pearls. when the Emperor mounted the throne, gold bells and jade chimes sounded from the gallery, and clouds of incense rose from the bronze cranes and tortoises and tripods outside the hall on the terrace. The aura of majesty created by the imposing architecture and solemn ritual were designed to keep the subjects of the "Son of the Heaven" in awe and reverence.
The Hall of Complete Harmony is smaller and square with windows on all sides. Here the emperor rehearsed for ceremonies. It is followed by the Hall of Preserving Harmony in which banquets and imperial examinations were held.
Behind the Hall of Preserving Harmony lies a huge marble ramp with intertwining clouds and dragons carved in relief. The slab, about 6.5 meters long, 3 meters wide and 250 tons in weight, is placed between two flights of marble steps along which the emperor's sedan was carried up or down the terrace. It is the largest piece of stone carving in the Imperial Palace. Quarried in the mountains scores of kilometers
southwest of Beijing, this gigantic stone was moved to the city by sliding it over a specially paved ice road in winter. To provide enough water to build the ice road, wells were sunk at very 500 meters along the way.
The three halls of the Inner Palace are replicas of the three halls in the front, but smaller in size. They are the Palace of Heavenly Purity(7), the Hall of Union(8), and the Palace of Earthly Tranquility(9).
The Palace of Heavenly Purity was once the residence of the Ming emperors and the first two of the Qing emperors. Then the Qing Emperor Yong Zheng moved his residence to the Palace of Mental
Cultivation and turned it into an audience hall to receive foreign envoys and handled the state affairs. The promotion and demotion of officials were also decided in this hall. After the emperor's death his coffin was placed here for a 49-day period of mourning.
The Palace of Union was the empress's throne room and the Hall of Earthly Tranquility, once a private living room for the empress, was partitioned. The west chamber served religious purposes and the east one was the bridal chamber where the newly married emperor and empress spent their first two nights after their wedding.
The Imperial Garden was laid out during the early Ming dynasty. Hundreds of pines and cypresses offer shade while various flowers give colors to the garden all year round and fill the air with their fragrance. In he center of the garden is the Hall of Imperial Peace, a Daoist temple, with a flat roof slightly sloping down to the four eaves. This type of roof was rare in ancient Chinese architecture. In he northeastern corner of the garden is a rock hill, known as the Hill of the Piled-up Wonders,
which is topped with a pavilion. At the foot of the hill are two fountains which jet two columns of water high into the air. It is said that on the ninth night of the ninth month of the lunar calendar, the empress would mound the hill to enjoy the autumn scene. It is also believed that climbing to a high place on that day would keep people safe from contagious diseases.
The six Western Palaces were residences for empresses and
concubines. They are kept in their original way for show. The six Eastern Palaces were the residences for them too. But now they serve as special museums: the Museum of Bronze, the Museum of Porcelain and the Museum of Arts and Crafts of the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the northeastern-most section of the Inner Palace are the Museum of
Traditional Chinese Paintings and the Museum of Jewelry and Treasures where rare pieces of imperial collections are on display.
Now the Forbidden City is no longer forbidding, but inviting. A visit to the Palace Museum will enrich the visitors' knowledge of history, economy, politics, arts as well as architecture in ancient China. Notes:
1. the Meridian Gate 午门
2. the Five-Phoenix Towers 五凤楼
3. benevolence, righteousness, rites, intelligence, and fidelity 仁、义、礼、智、信
4. the Hall of Supreme Harmony 太和殿
5. the Hall of Complete Harmony 中和殿
6. the Hall of Preserving Harmony 保和殿
7. the Palace of Heavenly Purity 乾清宫
8. the Hall of Union 交泰殿
9. the Palace of Earthly Tranquility 坤宁宫
作文三:《沈阳故宫的英语日记5字》19200字
沈阳故宫的英语日记5字
篇一:沈阳故宫英语导游词
沈阳故宫英语导游词
Hello, everyone! Please allow me to express a warm wele on behalf of Shenyang citizens. I’m with great
pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on I will show you around Shenyang Imperial Palace, where the founder of Qing Dynasty Nuerhachi and his son Huangtaiji lived.
Shenyang Imperial Palace, Fuling tomb and Zhaoling Tomb made in the early period of Qing Dynasty are the three famous historical sites in Shenyang. Shenyang Imperial Palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly acplished in 1636 during the reign of Nuerhachi and Huangtaiji. After them four emperors of Qing Dynasty had e back from Beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings. They were Emperor Kangxi, Qianlong, Jiaqing and Daoguang. Therefore, until 1783 the palace was finally finished. Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in China. The other
one is Forbidden City in Beijing. Shenyang Imperial Palace was entitled "Historic Culture Relics Preserved Buildings" in 1961 by the State Council. This palace is an emperor museum bining the architectural styles of the minorities of Man, Han and Mongolia. This palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters, prising over 20 courtyards, 300 houses and 70 buildings. The whole construction is divided into three sections: the east, middle and west. First let’
s pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section. The layout of middle section is similar to a Chinese pound with three courtyards. The first courtyard is the office area. It starts from the Grand Qing Gate on the south and ends at Holy Administration Hall. From Phoenix Tower to Purity and Tranquility Hall is the residential area. They all lay out on the same line. The main entrance to the palace is the Grand Qing Gate, also called Meridian Gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of Heaven and the palace should be the center of universe .The Grand Qing Gate was built in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian officials and military ministers to present themselves
before the emperor daily .The special feature of the gate is the tile color. They are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders. Yellow symbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains. The
bination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth. The building to the east of Grand Qing Gate is called Ancestor Temple;Taimiao, with yellow
tile roof, where Nuerhachi’s descendants offered
sacrifices to their ancestors for blessings. So Ancestor Temple is the most important. Please follow me into the gate. This path in the middle links the gate to Holy Administration Hall with Flying Dragon Pavilion;Feilongge, and Flying Phoenix
Pavilion;Xiangfengge, on each side. The Hall of Holy Administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military, administrative affairs in early Qing Dynasty and had witnessed many national ceremonies. Flying Dragon and Flying Phoenix Pavilions were for storing music instruments. Holy Administration Hall was Emperor Huangtaiji’s office. In front of the hall are Rigui
and Jiangliang, which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity. In accident construction, office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.Since we have visited the place where the Emperors worked and now we’
ll pay a visit to the place where empress and concubines lived. Here is the Phoenix Tower. It served as an entrance to the rear chambers and also the
entertainment area of Huangtaiji and his concubines, and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally. The tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall. It was the tallest building in Shenyang at that time .It is amazing watching suise in the morning on th
e tower and Phoenix Suise is one of the famous Eight fascinating Scenes in Shenyang. Look upward, we will see a board hanging up on Phoenix Tower ,on which Emperor Qianlong inscribed "Ziqidonglai", which meant the Qing Dynasty in Beijing immigrated from Shengjing, the old name for Shenyang to the east .There are 24staircases leading to Phoenix Tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in Chinese lunar calendar.In Shenyang Imperial palace chambers are
higher than halls, which is contrary to the
architectural style in Forbidden city in Beijing. Walking through the tower are the rear chambers. The one on the north in the middle was called Purity and Tranquility Hall, which was prepared for emperor and empress. The other four lying on both sides were for concubines .Purity and Tranquility Hall has five rooms and the First from the east was where Huangraiji passed away here at the
age of 52 without any disease. His throne passed to his ninth son, Fulin. In early Qing Dynasty, the construction style was summed up like this: bag-like house, zigzag bed and chimney sitting on the ground. The main buildings here were different from other buildings with a door was opened in the wall of the east room and the other rooms were connected together like a bag. The zigzag beds, made of mud and brick and with fire and smoke tunnels were called "kang" in Chinese. In order to get heat and keep room warm in winter, tunnels was made under the ground of Purity and Tranquility Hall to put fire and smoke through .Now notice the pole standing on the ground for smoke
through.Now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard. This red pole is called Suolun pole, or Holy Pole. Its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows. It was said that Nuerhachi was saved by crows. Crows are considered sacred in Manchurian culture though in Chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck. Emperor Huangtaiji had four concubines. Among the four concubines Chen was loved best by Huangtaiji and Concubine Zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor, Fulin. Therefore, she had a special status among the concubines. The only chimney was built on the rear of Purity and Tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers, representing the 11 emperors from Emperor Huangtaiji to the last emperor Puyi. This chimney was the highest one at that time. In Chinese, the sound of chimney "tong" is the same as that of unity. To the north further is rear courtyard called Yuhua Garden. After visiting the middle section of the palace, we e to the eastern section. Its representative building is the Great Administration Hall, flanked by Ten Princes Pavilions. This part was
built in 1625, and they were the earliest building in Shenyang Imperial Palace. Great Administration Hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs. Great Administration Hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also Eight Banner military system.Now please look at the ten pavilions, five on each side, which were the offices of the manders at that time. Here I will give you an introduction to the military system of early Manchurian Period. Nuerhachi divided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner .There sere then four kinds of banner: red, blue, white and yellow
banner. As the troops expanded quickly, another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed .By then there were altogether eight kinds of banner. This army was therefore well known for Eight Banner Army.The last part of Shenyang Imperial Palace is the western section, built from 1782 to 1783 and during Emperor Qianlong’s reign. Its main
construction is Book Source Pavilion;Wensuge, with
Theater Platform and Good Descendant-benefiting
Hall;Jiayintang, in front, Prosperity Administration Study;Yangxizhai, and Nine Halls behind. Book Source Pavilion; Wensuge, was specially designed for storing the encyclopedia piled at that time, SiKuQuanShu. This encyclopedia collected most of the books in Chinese history .Its plication started in 1773.This set of history books is posed of seven sections, more than 36,000 volumes. It took educated persons over 10 years to finish is. When finished, the whole encyclopedia was duplicated in seven pavilions across China. The other six copies were either damaged during wars or lost. This set is the only one well kept. But the real copy is no longer here and now is restored in the Palace Museum in Beijing and Gansu province library. We can see that Book Source Pavilion covered with black tiles. In Chinese philosophy, black refers water. The pavilion was built for storing books and its biggest threat was fire. So black tiles hinting water covering it on the top as a way of protection. Good Property Admiration Study was for Emperor reading while Descendant-benefiting Hall and the Theater Platform consisting of a courtyard for Emperor ,his empress and
concubines watching plays. Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the cultural relics in China and it is the symbol of this city. It is a good bination of different nationalities as well as a tourist attraction. And now we have to end our visiting, I hope you all enjoy it and thank you for your cooperation, goodbye.
篇二:沈阳故宫英文导游词
Shenyang Imperial Palace
Hello,everyone!Please allow me to express a warm wele on behalf of Shenyang citizens.I'm with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on I will show you around Shenyang Imperial Palace,shere the founder of Qing Dynasty Nuerhachi and his son Huangtaiji
lived.Shenyang Imperial Palace ,Fuling tomb and Zhaoling Tomb made in the early period of Qing Dynasty are the three famous historical sites in
Shenyang .Shenyang Imperial Palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly acplished in 1636 during the reign of Nuerhachi and HuangTaiji. After them four emperors of Qing Dynasty had e back from Beijing to this palace for 10 times
and enlarged its area and added its buildings.They were Emperor Kangxi,Qianlong,Jiaqing and
Daoguang.Therefore,until 1783 the palace was finally finished.Shenyang Imperial Palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in China.The other one is Forbidden City in Beijing.Shenyang Imperial
Palace was entitled "Historic Culture Relics Preserved Buildings" in 1961 by the State Council.This palace is an emperor museum bining the architectual styles of the minorities of Man,Han and Mongolia.This palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters,prising over 20 courtyards,300 houses and 70 buildings.The whole construction is
divided into three sections: the east, middle and west.First let's pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section.The layout of
middle section is similar to a Chinese pound with three
courtyards.The first courtyard is the office area.It starts from the Grand Qing Gate on the south and ends at Holy Administration Hall.From
Phoenix Tower to Purity and Tranquility Hall is the
residential area.They all lay out on the same line.The main entrance to the palace is the Grand Qing Gate,also called Meridian Gate because the emperor
considered himself as the son of Heaven and the palace should be the center of universe .The Grand Qing Gate was bulilt in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian offcials and military ministers to present
themselves before the emperor daily .The special feature of the gate is the tile color.They are all yellow tiles but engraved with green
borders.Yellow synbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains.The bination of them means
controlling the vast areas on the earth.The building to the east of Grand Qing Gate is called Ancestor Temple(Taimiao)with yellow tile roof,where
Nuerhachi's descendants offeredsacrifices to their ancestors for blessings.So Ancestor Temple is the most important.Please follow me into the gate.This path in the middle links the gate to Holy
Administration Hall with Flying Dragon Pavilion (Feilongge) and Flying Phoenix Pavilion(Xiangfengge)
on each side.The Hall of Holy
Administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military,administrative affairs in eatly Qing
Dynasty and had witnessed many national
ceremories.Flying Dragon and Flying Phoenix Pavilions were for storing music instruments.Holy Administration Hall was Emperor Huangtaiji's office.In front of the hall are Rigui and Jiangliang,which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity.In accient construction,office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.Since we have visted the place where the Emperors worked and now we'll pay a visite tothe place where empress and concubines lived.Here is the Phoenis Tower.It served as an entrances to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of Huangtaiji and his concubines,and some
gatherings or banquets were held occasionally.The tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall.It was the tallest building in Shenyang at that time .It is amazing watching suise in the morning on the tower and Phoenix
Suise is one of the famous Eight fascinating Scenes in
Shenyang. Look upward ,we will see a board hanging up on Phoenix Tower ,on which Emperor Qianlong inscribed "Ziqidonglai",which meant the Qing Dynasty in Beijing immigrated fron Shengjing,the old name for Shenyang to the east .There are 24staircases leading to Phoenix Tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in chinese lunar calendar.In Shenyang Imperial palace chambers are higher than halls, which is
contrary to the architectural style in Forbidden city in Beijing.Walking through the tower are the rear chambers.The one on the north in the
middle was called Purity and Tranquility Hall,which was prepared for emperor and empress.The other four lying on both sides were fo
concubines .Purity and Tranquility Hall has five rooms and the First from the east was where Huangraiji passed away here at the age of 52 without any disease.His throne passed to his ninth son,Fulin.In early Qing Dynasty,the construction style was summed up like this: bag-like
house,zigzag bed and chimney sitting on the ground.The main buildings here were different from other buildings with a door was opende in the wall of the east room and the other rooms were connected together like a bag.The zigzag beds,made of mud and brick and with fire and smoke tunnels were
called"kang"in Chinese.In order to get heat and keep room warm in winter,tunnels was made under the ground of Purity and Tranquility Hall to put fire and smoke through .Now notice the pole standing on the ground for smoke through.Now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard.This red pole is called Suolun pole,or Holy Pole.Its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows.It was said that Nuerhachi was savedby crows.Crows are considered sacred in Manchurian culture though in Chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck.
Emperor Huangtaiji had four concubines.Among the four concubines Chen was loved best by Huangtaiji and Concubine Zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor,Fulin.Therefore ,she had a
special status among the concubines.The only chimney was built on the rear of Purity and Tranquility hall from the ground with 11
layers ,representing the 11 emperors from Emperor Huangtaiji to the last emperor Puyi.This chimney was the highest one at that time.In
Chinese ,the sound of chimeny"tong" is the same as that of unity.To the north further is rear courtyard called Yuhua Garden.After visiting the middle section of the palace ,we e to the eastern section.Its representative building is the Great Administration Hall,flanked by Ten Princes
Pavilions.This part was built in 1625,and they were the earliest building in Shenyang Imperial Palace.Great Administration Hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs.Great Administration Hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also Eight Banner military system.Now please look at the ten pavilions,five on each side,which were the offices of the manders at that time.Here I will give you an introduction to the military system of early Manchurian Period .Nuerhachi divided his troops in four
parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner .There sere then four kinds of
banner:red,blue,white and yellow banner.As the troops expanded
quickly ,another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed .By then there were altogether eight kinds of banner.This army was therefore well known for Eight Banner Army .The last part of Shenyang Imperial Palace is the western section,built
篇三:我课堂上用于沈阳故宫的英语例子
我课堂上用于沈阳故宫的英语例子
1. On bronze mirror of Qianlong design at the imperial palace in Shenyang.
沈阳故宫藏乾隆款铜镜考
2. Could you please show me the way to the Shenyang palace museum
请您告诉我去沈阳故宫的路好吗,
3. It takes only ten minutes drive to Shenyang imperial palace, dashuai mansion, and only 1 kilometer to wanliutang park.
距沈阳故宫大帅府仅10分钟车程~与万柳塘公园仅1公
里之遥。
4. Company introduction haiyue city plaza hotel is located in the city center at the heart of Shenyang ' s business and shopping area , just off the zhongshan square
公司介绍海悦城市广场酒店座落于古城沈阳的市中心~
地处沈阳的商业及购物中心~濒临中山广场和主要省、市政
府机构及旅游区~如沈阳故宫、北陵等景点。
5. Company introduction glories plaza hotel Shenyang is located in the heart of the city ' s bustling financial and
mercial district , directly opposite the north railway station , 30 minutes from the airport and 10 minutes from the imperial palace
公司介绍沈阳凯莱大酒店位于沈阳市金融商业的中心地
区~与沈阳火车站相对~距飞机场只需三十分钟的车程~乘
车十分钟即到沈阳故宫。
6. With favorable geographical location : located on the old but flourishing business street - zhongjie east , neighboring to world cultural heritage Shenyang imperial palace and Shenyang province museum ; in room , guests can overlook the full view of Shenyang imperial
palace , and Liaoning museum looks like at your doorstep
地理位置优越:位于古老而繁华的商业步行街中街东端~
比邻世界文化遗产沈阳故宫和张学良帅府在客房内即可俯
视沈阳故宫全貌~辽宁省博物馆近在咫尺。
7. Air conditioning , airport transfer , kiosk florist , medical clinic , beauty salon , 24 - hour room service , interpreter service , safe deposit boxes , laundry , money exchange , TV , business center , baby sitting , English speaking staff , night club , did telephone , ticketing service , massage services , sauna , shoe - shining facility , transportation , shopping arcade
酒店1994年开业, 2004年翻修,楼高8层,共有标间106
间,标间面积20平方米;距市中心5分钟,距机场30分钟,距
火车站20分钟;酒店距沈阳故宫10分钟,距大帅府5分钟,
距中街5分钟,距东陵20分钟;酒店拥有106间客房~全部
备有idd ddd电话小酒吧配备闭路电视系统及卫星电视设
备。
8. Add : 235 zhongjie road , shenhe district , shenyang china located in the city center , 3km from railway north station , 25km from taoxian international airport , 10km from international exhibition .
Surrounding landscape: world cultural heritage shenyang imperial palace, shenyang province museum, shenyang merce city. - ?星大酒店是一家商务酒店~
位于古老而繁华的商业步行街-中街东端~毗邻世界文化遗
产沈阳故宫和张学良帅府在客房内即可俯视沈阳故宫全貌~
辽宁省博物馆近在咫尺。
作文四:《我的英文日记》9700字
my music idol
.I believe different people have their own idols.In fact , once there was a time that I think it ’s very ridiculous to chase after a famous star,not until I find Jimmy,who is now my favourite person in entertainment circle .
I got to know him when I was in elementary school .At that time ,he was very hot in China Mainland ,even in Asia.My classmates around me were very crazy abount him .But at a sudden,he cchose to enroll himself in the army without hesitatian at the higlight of hia career.It was his love for our motherland that attracted me deeply at a very moment .So from then on ,I began to search all kinds of information about him ,including his movies,CDs,pictures,etc. Some of my roommates said that I was mad .But I know that I am very formal ,knowing what I have done and what I should do .
After all in my eyes,it’s worth doing such things,for I learn a lot from him .As we know ,he is not only good-looking but keeps a good attitude towards life .So even though he is 33 now ,he looks just as if he is in his tties.Besides,He has a love for his family that he insists to send his sister to study abroad so as to get rid of the entertainment circle,a love to his fans as well. As far as I am concerned,whenever his fans are in trouble, he will do his utmost efforts to help them out.
As for me ,what I appreciatehim most is his persistence to achieve his
childhood dream----to be excellent at racing cars.I am very cheerful that he doesn't lose himself in the colorful and plicated music industry and maintains his own directionss to the future.At present he has set up hia own car grounp and gained many prizes.
One of his songs in the album released in 2006 called 梦想实现家 is very inspiring. Whenever I face difficulties on my path to pursuing my dreams,I will listen to it and think of his persistence,then pick up my courage and smile to the setback I met. I believe one day I can realize my dream.The time I am successful is a time that I will fly to Taiwan to meet him and express gratitude to him in person.
I wish that day will e soon.Jimmy, I am proud of being your fans ,and now I try my best to make you be proud of me .
Yesterday afternoon,when I was doing my puter
homework, my mobile phone rang.It was my father.With surprise and curiosity, I picked up the phone, wondering why he rang me.In my memory,he seldom makes calls to me except something very important happens."I am at your school gate ,where are you ?"He said on the phone.After hearing that ,I rushed downstairs to meet my father in a very good and happy mood.
My father said he came to the city where I studied to deal with some business,then found some time to see me .Knowing that ,I felt much more happier.That afternoon ,We t shopping and had wonderful meal,as if we returned to the days when I was a child .
During the period ,his co-workers kept on calling him .Although I did not know what they were talking about ,yet one thing for sure was that my father was very busy.Therefore,even though I wanted to stay longer with him ,I chose to let him go so as to get rid of the plaint from his bisiness partners.
When we aparted ,my father insisted to see me off .At the time I t into the bus ,my tears couldn't help going out of my
eyes.However,I did not feel like worrying my father,I did my utmost efforts to hold back my taers and said goodbyes to my father with a big cheerful smile.
On the back to my school,I lost in thought and felt guilty of misunderstanding my father in the past .As I sometimes plained or hated him not to show more concerns to me before.He always works outside all the year round.Now that I know I was wrong more than it is.
Here I just want to say “sorry ” to my dad,hoping that he can forgive
his naughty daughter.Thank you for your “carelessness ”to build up my independence,Now I have grown up and I can take good care of myself.So don’t worry too much of me any more .Dad,believe me ,I will find my own directions to my future and struggle to realize my dream!!!
Stopping by Forum
Whose forums these are I know I know
His house is in Taiwan though
He will not see me logging here
To watch his news fill up with photo
My dear friend must think it queer
To log without Jimmy here
Between the words and handsome pictures
The happiest time of the year
They give me question on QQ
No word e out
The only other sound’s the prayer of fans and so do I
The forum is lovely ,colorful and wonderful
But I have dreams to pursue
And miles to go before I succeed !
And miles to go before I succeed !
译;论坛小驻
颖之论坛
颖居台湾
颖不我见
图兮洋洋
朋友惑矣
无颖在此
留言发贴
乐极年年
QQ 盘问
无言以对
颖亲在此
我亦爱此
论坛固好
无奈
梦想在前
追梦路上!
追梦路上!
MORE THAN DEATH
Tonight I watched TV and found out a piece of news .It was reported that a girl stood on the edge of bridge and wanted to finish her
life .Luckily ,the police rescued her eventually.Some passers-by said the girl might confront a few of difficulties on the way to working outside and she might think everything would be fine if she chose to leave this world .In fact ,such kind of examples can be seen everywhere every day in our daily life .Some people might feel like dying because of love affairs;some do that because of obstacles at work ,study or life;even some die just want to get rid of pain suffering from disease .Sometimes ,I was supposed to be one of them ,I wonld not choose to die,on the contrast ,I would do my utmost efforts to fight against all the difficulties I meet all my life .The way I see it , those who dare to die are the greatest and bravest persons.I believe if they can have the courage to end their lives, they must be brave enough to live and solve every kind of problems.Therefore ,I hope those people look before they leap .They should take their beloved ones and the ones you love deeply into considerations seriously.You should think of your parents ,it is them that bring you to this wonderful world ,you should ask their permission whether you can leave or not .
Life is short and not smooth as you expected .Be brave to live because nothing is more than death.It can not solve problems but only bring endless sadness to your parents and those who love you unconditionally ……………..
Give more love to the elderly
One of my friends’grandma came to my home ,asking me why my friend (her granddaughter) did not go home while I was at home for several days .I knew my friend has gone to play with others.But I did not tell her the truth ,I was afraid of hurting her feeling .So I told a white lie that my friend had something to do in school (maybe homework).As we were in different departments,I did not know clearly.After hearing my words,she just smiled ,yet I could still feel her disappointment from her eyes.She left without saying a word .I rushed to make a call to my friend ,wishing that she could e back as soon as possible.To my surprise,she answered that she hated going back home while others in her family were outside ,except her grandma.I shouted to her angrily:‘‘Your grandma is old and she needs your care ,you should not be so selfish. ”Maybe she realized something eventually and promised to e back as she could.
As a matter of fact,I admire my friend very much ,she has a grandma who loves her so much.But for me ,I have never seen my grandparents.For they passed away when my father was at a very young age.Still,I am still a lucky dog.As I have so many people around me loving me deeply.Sometimes ,I think that my father is poorer than me ,he lost his parents so early that he had to live on his own.Once I said to myself I must give more love to my father ,mother and the elderly
around me.I like them and enjoy chatting with them.I will regard all the senior citizens I meet as my grandparents,although I can not give them lots of material things,I ’d like making friends with them ,helping them whenever they need me.Also, I hope more young people can stop your busy days for a while and e back home to see your family memebers now and then.
Treasure everything that you have now…………………
Changes in my hometown
This is the first day of ing back to my hometown after long-time study at school.These days ,great changes have taken place in my hometown.New roads and beautiful buildings have been bulilt .Not far,a river is flowing from the beginning of the village to the endless horizon.Sometimes,you can see a number of nauty children playing ‘‘water-games ” there.Around the center of the village ,a few senior citizens are doing all kinds of activities,from talking ,to story-telling,down to playing chess and TaiJi,a sport designed for the elderly.Morever,the children are chasing after each other in the center.Laughter can be heard in the long distance.Seeing that,my eyes are full of tears ,I am not sad but more than happiness.I recall in the old days,people had no time to sit down and had a heart-to-heart talk.At that time ,everyone was very busy and worked from the moring to night.
Nowadays,with the rapid development of our country,our life has
changed a lot ,especially in the countryside.I am very happy,really.And I believe many of my fellowers have the same feeling.Because our motherland is trying her best to build a harmonious‘‘paradise ” for all of us .I am sure that more changes will take place across the country in the ing days.Bless you----our great motherland!!!
My thank-yous in 2007
Time really flies ,the Spring festival is approaching again.In 2007,I ’ve got a lot and had many people to thank.
Thank you for my motherland,since the reform and opening-up policy,our country has improved rapidly on every aspect.It plays an important role in keeping peace nationally and internationally .As a chinese,I am pround and grateful for China .Thank you for giving me and other patriots such a safe place and harmonious atmosphere.
Thank you for my parents ,as I grow up
作文五:《英文日记的写法》1400字
一、日记的格式 英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。日
记常以第一人称记下当天生活中的所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。
中、英文的日记三格式大致一样。英语日记的书端是专门写日记的日
期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期(年、月、日)、星期。右上角写
上当天的天气情况,如:Sunny,Fine,Rainy,Windy,Snowy,Cloudy
等。
1、日期表达有多种形式。年、月、日都写时,通常以月、日、年为
顺序,月份可以缩写,日和年用逗号隔开。例如: A)September
1,2004或September 1st,2004也可省略写成Sept. 1,2004或Sept. 1st,
2004;the 1st of September in 2004(月份不可以缩写) B)只有
月、日:September 1或September 1st(月份可以缩写) C)只有
年、月:September 2004或the September of 2004(月份不可以缩写) 以上的1或1st都应读作the first.
2、星期也可以省略不写,可将其放在日期前或后,星期和日期之间
不用标点,但要空一格,星期也可缩写。如: Saturday,October
22nd,2004;October 22nd,2004 Saturday
3.天气情况必不可少。天气一般用一个形容词如:Sunny,Fine,Rainy,
Snowy 等表示。写在日期之后,用逗号隔开,位于日记的右上角。
如: Saturday,March 4,2004,Windy;1st January,2004,Fine
二、日记的要求 日记的正文是日记的主要部分,写在星期和日期
的正下方,可以顶格写,也可以内缩3至5个字母的空间。由于记载
的内容通常已经发生,谓语动词多用一般过去时。但也可根据具体情
况,用其它时态。如:记叙天气、描写景色,为了描写生动,可以使
用现在时,以表现当时的情景。再如文后发表感想或评论可用现在时
态或将来时态。记日记力求简单明了,有连贯性。若有文字提示,则
应重视提示,把握要点。在句式上尽量使用简单句,以防繁杂,造成
语法、句型错误。 三、日记的类型和训练 日记分为记事型、
议论型、描写型和抒情型。建议大家在学习写日记的过程中,可按以
下步骤进行: ①将一天所经历的主要事情和过程依次简要地记下
来,不附加任何感情色彩,这是最简单的记日记的方法; ②阅读
别人的日记,并利用所学过的句型来表达个人在一天中观察到的或感
受到的事情。
【范文与点评】 March 12th,2003,Tuesday Sunny (Fine) Today is Tree Planting Day. At 7∶30 in the morning,
all the students in our class met at the school gate. We walked to the park.
Miss Gao and other teachers t and worked with us. All the students
worked very hard,and we planted about 200 trees. Though we were dirty
and tired,we still felt very happy. 这是一篇记叙型的日记。结构严
谨,中心突出,有选择地记录当天的见闻(人或事),并加以分析和
评论。
作文六:《英文日记的格式》2400字
1. 英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。日记常以第一人称记下当天生活中的所见、所闻、所做或所想的事情。中、英文的日记三格式大致一样。
英语日记的书端是专门写日记的日期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期(年、月、日)、星期,右上角写上当天的天气情况,如:Sunny, Fine, Rainy, Windy, Snowy, Cloudy等。 日期表达有多种形式,年、月、日都写时,通常以月、日、年为顺序,月份可以缩写,日和年用逗号隔开。
例如: December 18, 2003 或者 Dec. 18, 2003
A) September 1, 2004或September 1st, 2004也可省略写成Sept.1,2004或Sept.1st,2004;
B) the 1st of September in 2004(月份不可以缩写) ,只有月、日 September 1或September 1st(月份可以缩写)
C)只有年、月
September 2004或the September of 2004(月份不可以缩写)
以上的1或1st都应读作the first。
2.星期也可以省略不写,可将其放在日期前或后,星期和日期之间不用标点,但要空一格,星期也可缩写。
如:Saturday, October 22nd, 2004;October 22nd, 2004 Saturday
3.天气情况必不可少。天气一般用一个形容词如 :Sunny, Fine, Rainy, Snowy 等表示。写在日期之后,用逗号隔开,位于日记的右上角。如:
Saturday, March 4, 2004, Windy;1st January, 2004, Fine
形象天气情况的词汇常见如下:
fine 晴天的 rainy 下雨的 cloudy 阴天的,多云的
hot 炎热的 shiny 晴朗的 cold寒冷的
snowy 下雪的 freezing冰冻的 foggy 雾的
showery 阵雨的 sunshiny 晴朗的
sunny 阳光充足的,阳光明媚的 warm 暖和的
windy 刮风的 stormy 暴风的 breezy 微风的
cloudy多云的 then rainy 多云转雨的 rainy,fine later雨转晴的
______________________
知识点:
snow 雪(名词) snowy 下雪的(形容词) rain雨(名词或动词) rainy下雨的(形容词)
wind风(名词) windy刮风的(形容词) cloud云彩(名词) cloudy多云的(形容词) sunny晴天的(形容词) sunshine阳光(名词)
cool凉爽的(形容词) cold寒冷的(形容词)
warm温暖的(形容词) hot酷热的(形容词)
--------------------------------------
系数表达式:
first = 1st 第一 second = 2nd 第二 third = 3rd 第三
fourth = 4th 第四 fifth = 5th 第五 sixth = 6th 第六
seventh = 7th 第七 eighth = 8th 第八 nineth = 9th 第九 tenth = 10th 第十 eleventh = 11th 第十一 twelfth = 12th 第十二
thirteenth = 13th 第十三 fourteenth = 14th 第十四 fifteenth = 15th 第十五 sixteenth = 16th 第十六 seventeenth = 17th 第十七 eighteenth = 18th 第十八 nineteenth = 19th 第十九 ttieth = 20th 第二十 ttieth-one = 21th 第二十
一......
thirtieth = 30th 第三十 thirtieth-one = 31th 第三十一
fortieth 第四十 fiftieth 第五十 sixtieth 第六十
seventieth 第七十 eightieth 第八十 ninetieth 第九十 hundred 百 thousand 千 ten thousand 万
45万 = 450,000 = four hundred and fifty thousand
(thousands 表示 几千,数千,无数 之意,所以上面例中thousand后不能加S)
作文七:《沈阳故宫英文简介》1100字
Mukden Palace
Mukden Palace is one of China's two remaining palace buildings, Mukden Palac e covers an area of more than 60 thousand square meters, there are 114 ancient buildings, more than and 500, has been well preserved, is a contains rich historical and cultural connotation of the ancient ruins.
According to construction layout and construction time , it was divided into three parts East , Middle and West . In West , there are theater, JiaYinTang, WenSuGe and YangXiZhai, they were built in 1782, the emperor often read and watch plays on there , these houses are also used to store The Si Ku Quan Shu. In middle ,there are DaQingMen, Chongzheng house, Phoenix building, Qingning house built in 1627 to 1635, they are the places where the emperor deal with government events, hold a banquet and imperial concubines live in. In east, Grand Hall and Ten King Pavilion were built by Nurhachi in 1625. They are the places where the emperor held a ceremony and the BaQi minister's office.
In 1961, the State Council determined Mukden Palace as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units
作文八:《故宫英文介绍》4200字
Lying at the center of Beijing, the Forbidden City, called Gu Gong, in Chinese, was the imperial palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Now known as the Palace Museum, it is to the north of Tiananmen Square. Rectangular in shape, it is the world?s largest palace plex and covers 74 hectares. Surrounded by a six meter deep moat and a ten meter high wall are 9,999 buildings. The wall has a gate on each side. Opposite the Tiananmen Gate, to the north is the Gate of Devine Might (Shenwumen), which faces Jingshan Park. The distance between these two gates is 960 meters, while the distance between the gates in the east and west walls is 750 meters. There are unique and delicately structured towers on each of the four corners of the curtain wall. These afford views over both the palace and the city outside. The Forbidden City is divided into two parts. The southern section, or the Outer Court was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. The northern section, or the Inner Court was where he lived with his royal family. Until 1924 when the last emperor of China was driven from the Inner Court, fourteen emperors of the Ming dynasty and ten emperors of the Qing dynasty had reigned here. Having been the imperial palace for some five centuries, it houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. Listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987, the Palace Museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions world wide.
Construction of the palace plex began in 1407, the 5th year of the Yongle reign of the third emperor of the Ming dynasty. It was pleted fourteen years later in 1420. It was said that a million workers including one hundred thousand artisans were driven into the long-term hard labor. Stone needed was quarried from Fangshan, a suburb of Beijing. It was said a well was dug every fifty meters along the road in order to pour water onto the road in winter to slide huge stones on ice into the city. Huge amounts of timber and other materials were freighted from faraway provinces. Ancient Chinese people displayed their very considerable skills in building the Forbidden City. Take the grand red city wall for example. It has an 8.6 meters wide base reducing to 6.66 meters wide at the top. The angular shape of the wall totally frustrates attempts to climb it. The bricks were made from white lime and glutinous rice while the cement is made from glutinous rice and egg whites. These incredible materials make the wall extraordinarily strong.
Since yellow is the symbol of the royal family, it is the dominant color in the Forbidden City. Roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles; decorations in the palace are painted yellow; even the bricks on the ground are made yellow by a special process. However, there is one exception. Wenyuange, the royal library, has a black roof. The reason is that it was believed black represented water then and could extinguish fire.
Nowadays, the Forbidden City, or the Palace Museum is open to tourists from home and abroad. Splendid painted decoration on these royal architectural wonders, the grand and deluxe halls, with their surprisingly magnificent treasures will certainly satisfy
明清两代皇帝居住的宫城叫做紫禁城。紫禁城有两座,一在北京,一在南京。南京紫禁城是明太祖朱元璋和建文帝朱允 4位皇帝和 清代 10位皇帝。他们在这里君临天下,统治中国 491年,将近五个世纪。
这座故宫为什么称为紫禁城呢?原来,中国古代天文学说,根据对太空天体的长期观察,认为紫微星垣居于中天,位置永恒不变, 是天帝所居。因而,把天帝所居的天宫谓之紫宫,有 “ 紫微正中 ” 之说。
封建皇帝自称是天帝的儿子,是真龙天子;而他们所居住的皇宫,被比喻为天上的紫宫。他们更希望自己身居紫宫,可以施政以德, 四方归化,八面来朝,这到江山永固,以维护长期统治的目的。
明清两代的皇帝,出于维护他们自己的权威和尊严以及考虑自身的安全,所修建的皇宫,既富丽堂皇,又森严壁垒。这座城池,不 仅宫殿重重,楼阁栉比,并围以 10米多高的城墙和 52米宽的护城河,而且哨岗林立,戒备森严。平民百姓不用说观赏一下楼台殿阁, 就是看一看门额殿角,也是绝对不允许的。
明清皇帝及其眷属居住的皇宫,除了为他们服务的宫女、太监、侍卫之外,只有被召见的官员以及被特许的人员才能进入。这里是 外人不能逾越雷池一步禁区。因此,明清两代的皇宫,既喻为紫宫,又是禁地,故旧称紫禁城。
北京紫禁城占地面积 724250平方米,还没把护城河和护城河与城墙的绿化带计算在内。宫殿房屋建筑面积为 155000平立米。紫禁 城是一座长方形的城池,南北长 961米,东西宽 753米,四周有高 10米多的城墙围绕,城墙的外沿周长为 3428米(城墙外有宽 52米的 护城河,是护卫紫禁城的重要设施)。城墙四边各有一门,南为午门,北为神武门,东为东华门,西为西华门。城墙的四角有四座设计 精巧的角楼。
北京紫禁城筹建于明成祖永乐 (公元 1404年~公元 1424年 ) 五年, 兴建于永乐十五年至十八年。 整个营造工程由侯爵陈圭督造, 具体 负责是规划师吴中。紫禁城位于都城正中,中轴线穿过皇城正中,也就是穿过紫禁城中三大殿、三大宫。紫禁城正门为正南门午门,午 门是宫城中最高的门座,朝中大赦、献俘等重大仪式都在午门举行。其北门为神武门,东门为东华门,西门为西华门。
紫禁城作为明清两代的宫城,也分为外朝、内廷两个部分。外朝是皇帝办公的地方。举凡国家的重大活动和各种礼仪,都在外朝举 行。外朝由天安门 —— 端门 —— 午门 —— 太和殿 —— 中和殿 —— 保和殿组成的中轴线和中轴线两旁的殿阁廊庑组成。内廷是皇帝后妃生 活的地方,包括中轴线上的乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫、御花园和两旁的东西六宫等宫殿群组成。
作文九:《故宫英文介绍》15100字
A Brief History of the Palace Museum
The Palace Museum, historically and artistically one of the most prehensive Chinese museums, was established on the foundation of the palace that was the ritual center of two dynasties, the Ming and the Qing, and their collections of treasures. Designated by the State Council as one of China\'s foremost protected monuments in 1961, the Palace Museum was also made a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1987.
Situated at the heart of Beijing, the Palace Museum is approached through Tiananmen Gate. Immediately to the north of the Palace Museum is Prospect Hill (also called Coal Hill), while on the east and west are Wangfujing and Zhongnanhai neighborhoods. It is a location endowed with cosmic significance by ancient China\'s astronomers. Correlating the emperor\'s abode, which they considered the pivot of the terrestrial world, with the Pole Star (Ziweiyuan), which they believed to be at the center of the heavens, they called the palace The Purple Forbidden City. The Forbidden City was built from 1406 to 1420 by the third Ming emperor Yongle who, upon usurping the throne, determined to move his capital north from Nanjing to Beijing. In 1911 the Qing dynasty fell to the republican revolutionaries. The last emperor, Puyi, continued to live in the palace after his abdication until he was expelled in 1924. Tty-four emperors lived and ruled from this palace during this 500-year span.
The Forbidden City is surrounded by 10-metre high walls and a 52-metre wide moat. Measuring 961 meters from north to south and 753 meters from east to west, it covers an area of 720,000 square meters. Each of the four sides is pierced by a gate, the Meridian Gate (Wu men) on the south and the Gate of Spiritual Valor (Shenwu men) on the north being used as the entrance and exit by tourists today. Once inside, visitors will see a succession of halls and palaces spreading out on either side of an invisible central axis. It is a magnificent sight, the buildings\' glowing yellow roofs against vermilion walls, not to mention their painted ridges and carved beams, all contributing to the sumptuous effect.
Known as the Outer Court, the southern portion of the Forbidden City centers on the halls of Supreme Harmony, Central Harmony, and Preserving Harmony. These are flanked by the halls of Literary Glory and Military Eminence. It was here that the emperor held court and conducted his grand audiences.
Mirroring this arrangement is the Inner Court at the northern end of the Forbidden City, with the Palace of Heavenly Purity, the Hall of Union, and the Palace of Earthly Tranquility straddling the central axis, surrounded by the Six Palaces of the East and West and the Imperial Garden to the north. Other major buildings include the halls for Worshipping Ancestors and of Imperial Splendor on the east, and the Hall of Mental Cultivation, the Pavilion of the Rain of Flowers and the Palace of Benevolent Tranquility on the west. These contain not only the residences of the emperor and his empress, consorts and concubines but also the venues for religious rites and administrative activities.
In total, the buildings of the two courts account for an area of some 163,000 square meters. These were laid out precisely in accordance with a code of architectural hierarchy, which designated specific features to reflect the paramount authority and status of the emperor. No ordinary mortal would have been allowed or even dared to e within close proximity of these buildings.
After the republican revolution, this Palace as a whole would have been sequestered by the Nationalist government were it not for the "Articles of Favorable Treatment of the Qing House" which allowed Puyi to live on in the Inner Court after his abdication. Meanwhile, all of the imperial treasures from palaces in Rehe (today\'s Chengde) and Mukden (today\'s Shenyang) were moved to the Forbidden City for public display in History Museum established at the Outer Court in 1914. While confined to the Inner Court, Puyi continuously used such vestiges of influence as still remained to plot his own restoration. He also systematically stole or pawned a huge number of cultural relics under the pretext of granting them as rewards to his courtiers and minions or taking them out for repair.
In 1924, during a coup launched by the warlord Feng Yuxiang, Puyi was expelled from the Forbidden City and the management of the palace fell to the charge of a mittee set up to deal with the concerns of the deposed imperial family. The mittee began a sorting and counting of the imperial treasures. A year of intense preparations later, its members arranged a grand ceremony on 10 October 1925 in front of the Palace of Heavenly Purity to mark the inception of the Palace Museum. News of the opening flashed across the nation, and such was the scramble of visitors on the first day that traffic jams around Beijing brought the city almost to a standstill.
According to a 28-volume inventory published in 1925, the treasure trove left by the Qing numbered more than 1,170,000 items including sacrificial vessels and ancient jade artifacts from the earliest dynasties; paintings and calligraphy from the Tang, Song, Yuan and Ming dynasties; porcelain from the Song and Yuan; a variety of enamelware and lacquer ware; gold and silver ornaments; relics in bamboo, wood, horn and gourds; religious statues in gold and bronze; as well as numerous imperial robes and ornaments; textiles; and furniture. In addition, there were countless books, literary works and ancient records. All these were divided into separate collections of antiquities, library materials and historical documents and placed under teams of staff to sort and collate. Exhibition halls were opened to display some of the treasures, while writers and editors worked away at publishing in book or journal form all the new areas of research and academic inquiry that the establishment of the museum had ushered in. The Palace Museum was soon a hive of activity.
Shortly before the outbreak of World War II, the Japanese, having annexed territory in China\'s northeast, proceeded to march on Beijing. With this looming threat, the museum authorities decided to evacuate its collection rather than let it fall into enemy hands or risk destruction in battle. For four frantic months between February and May 1933, the most important pieces in the collection were packed into 13,427 crates and 64 bundles and sent to Shanghai in five batches. From there they were dispatched to Nanjing where a depository was built and a branch of the Palace Museum established.
On 7 July 1937 shots fired around Marco Polo Bridge west of Beijing heralded the eruption of the Sino-Japanese War. Within a year, the Japanese had penetrated to most of eastern China. Now the treasures stored in Nanjing had to be moved again, this time by three routes to Sichuan, where they were secreted in three locations, Baxian, Emei and Leshan. Only at the end of the war were they consolidated in Chongqing, whence they were returned to Nanjing in 1947. By then the Nationalists were considerably weakened, and with the imminent takeover by the Communist armies of areas south of the Yangtze, they began their retreat to Taiwan. Between the end of 1948 and the dawn of 1949, the Nationalists picked relics to fill 2,972 crates for shipping across the Strait. A rival Palace Museum was set up in Taipei to display these antiquities. Most of what were left were gradually returned to Beijing, although to this day 2,221 crates remain in safe-keeping in storag in Nanjing. During this tumultuous decade of war and revolution, not one item of the treasures was lost or damaged even though the volume involved was enormous. This was largely due to the dedicated energy of the Palace Museum staff, whose achievement in preserving these treasures was nothing short of heroic. But it was also as a result of this long period of upheaval that the treasures have been dispersed. Yet the rationale for keeping the collection together, representative as it is of the motherland\'s traditional culture, seems so incontestable that most people believe the treasures will be re-united one day.
In the early 1950s, shortly after the establishment of the People\'s Republic, the Palace Museum staff worked with a new will and enthusiasm to return the Forbidden City to its former glory. Where previously the dirty and dilapidated halls and courts lay under weeds and piles of rubbish, some 250,000 cubic meters of accumulated debris were now cleared out, giving the place a sparkling fresh look. A policy of prehensive rehabilitation was also launched, and in time the crumbling palace buildings, repaired, and redecorated, looked resplendent once more. All the tall buildings were equipped with lightning conductors, while modern systems of fire protection and security were installed. It has been a priority of the People\'s Government, particularly since the beginning of the reform era in the early 1980s, to keep the surrounding moat dredged and clean.
As for the collection of antiquities, a systematic inventory was pleted during the 1950s and 1960s, redressing the legacy of inaccurate cataloguing. The collection was moreover augmented, for example by the salvage of a number of precious artifacts from a jumble of apparently worthless objects. After more than a decade of painstaking efforts, some 710,000 relics from the Qing palace were retrieved. At the same time, through national allocations, requisitions and private donations, more than 220,000 additional pieces of cultural significance were added, making up for such omissions from the original Qing collection as colored earthenware from the Stone Age, bronzes and jades from the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, pottery tomb figurines from the Han Dynasty, stone sculpture from the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and tri-color glazed pottery from the Tang Dynasty. The ancient paintings, scrolls and calligraphy added to the collection were particularly spectacular. These included, from the Jin Dynasty, Lu Ji\'s cursive calligraphy "A consoling letter" (Ping fu tie), Wang Xun\'s " Letter to Boyuan (Bo yuan tie) and Gu Kaizhi\'s "Goddess of the Luo River" (Luo shen fu tu); from the Sui Dynasty, Zhan Ziqian\'s landscape handscroll "Spring Outing" (You chun tu) ; from the Tang Dynasty, Han Huang\'s "Five Oxen" (Wu niu tu ), Du Mu\'s running-cursive script handscroll "Song of the Courtesan Zhan Haohao" (Zhang haohao shi) ; from the Five Dynasties, Gu Hongzhong\'s "The Night Revels of Han Xizai" (Han Xizai yeyan tu) ";
from the Song Dynasty, Li Gonglin\'s "Painting after Wei Yan\'s Pasturing Horses" (Lin Wei Yan mu fang tu) Guo Xi\'s "Dry tree and rock, level distance landscape" (Ke shi pingyuan tu), and Zhang Zeduan\'s "Going up River on Spring Festival" (Qingming shang he tu)--all masterpieces without exception.
Unremitting though this attempt at recovery has been, however, there have been further exertions in recent years to acquire such works as Zhang Xian\'s "Landscape with Poems (Shi yong tu)" (Song Dynasty), Nai Xian\'s calligraphy "Ancient poem on south of the city" (Cheng nan yong gu shi) (Yuan Dynasty), Shen Zhou\'s landscape handscroll "After Huang Gongwang\'s \'Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains\'" (Fang Huang Gongwang fuchun shan ju tu) (Ming Dynasty), Shi Tao\'s ink bamboo "Calling Wen Yuke" (Gao hu Yu ke tu) (Qing Dynasty). The first two were spirited out of the palace by the last emperor Puyi on the excuse of bestowing them on his brother Pu Jie; they fell into the hands of others and only now have been returned to their rightful place in the Palace Museum collection.
From the 1950s onwards, the museum\'s existing storehouses were pletely overhauled to provide a damp-proof and insect-proof environment for the treasures. In the 1990s a new storehouse with a capacity of over 600,000 items was built, equipped with controls for maintaining constant temperature and humidity, as well as safeguards against fire and theft. A workshop was established in the 1950s and expanded in the 1980s to enpass a scientific Conservation Department. These not only continued traditions of craftsmanship, but also drew upon scientific discoveries to facilitate the restoration of damaged relics. In the past few decades the Conservation Department has treated as many as 110,000 objects from the Palace Museum and other public collections. Besides its continuous refurbishment of the main courts and halls, the museum has opened galleries to display bronzes, porcelain, crafts, paintings and calligraphy, jewelry, and clocks to expand the scope of its exhibitions. A number of thematic shows have been held in galleries devoted to temporary exhibitions; in recent years these have included such acclaimed ones as "A Comparison of Authentic and Counterfeit Paintings and Calligraphy", "Genuine and Imitation Examples of Ancient Porcelain and Materials from Ancient Kilns", "The Art of Packaging at the Qing Court" and "Selections from the Finest Acquisitions of the Last Fifty Years". Traveling exhibitions have also graced various provincial museums and museums abroad. In fact, since the beginning of the economic-reform era, an increasing number of exhibitions have been mounted in countries such as Britain, the USA, France, the former Soviet Union, Germany, Austria, Spain, Australia, Japan and Singapore, among others. All of them have aroused great interest and admiration and played a key part in the promotion of international understanding and cultural exchange.
The number of visitors to the Palace Museum has risen along with the growth of tourism, in the last decade reaching six to eight million a year.
General interest has been further stimulated by the Palace Museum\'s range of publications touching on both the architecture of its buildings and its vast cultural holdings. Published works include Famous Historical Paintings in the Palace Museum Collection, Selected Porcelain from the Palace Museum Collection, National Treasures, Palaces of the Forbidden City, Daily Life in the Forbidden City, A Collection of National Treasures, and The Complete Palace Museum Collection (in 60
volumes, of which 18 have been published so far). There are also two periodicals, The Palace Museum and The Forbidden City.
Since 1997, the Palace Museum\'s administration has been significantly reorganized. Where previously there were three departments covering conservation, exhibition and research, these have now been split into the departments of Antiquities; of Painting and Calligraphy; of Palace Arts; and the Exhibition, Promotion and Education Department. With substantial investment, the latest technology has been deployed by the newly established Resources and Information Center to set up the Palace Museum website. The website you are now browsing enables all, even those in distant places, to enjoy a sightseeing tour of this mysterious palace and feast their eyes on its splendid treasures.
The creation of a state-of-the-art virtual Imperial Palace is no longer just a dream.
作文十:《故宫景点英文》27500字
The fobbiden City is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne. In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.
It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan (North Star) . The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term “an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.
The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.
The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters. A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9. 9-meter—high wall which encloses the plex. Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate (Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate (Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate (Western Flowery Gate ) to the west, the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east.
Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City. A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province. Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China. Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province. Timber was cut, processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.
天安门广场 Tian’an Men Square
故宫 Former Imperial Palace
天坛 Temple of Heaven
北海公园 Beihai Park
长城 Great Wall
颐和园 Summer Palace
十三陵 Thirteen Ming Tombs
雍和宫 Yonghegong Lamasery
北京动物园 Beijing Zoo
恭王府 Prince Gong’s Mansion
周口店北京猿人遗址Zhoukoudian-Home of Peking Man
圆明园遗址 Ruins of Yuanmingyuan
卢沟桥 Lugou Bridge
香山公园 Xiangshan Park
碧云寺 Biyun Temple
潭柘寺 Tanzhe Temple
卧佛寺 Wofo Temple
戒台寺 Jietai Temple
法海寺 Fahai Temple
云居寺 Yunju Temple
白云寺 Baiyun Temple
导游资格考试旅游景点:北京故宫博物院英文导游辞
hello, everyone,
we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum.
the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties. it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. the palace museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake. to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea). to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street. and to the north id jinshan park. standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park, you overlook the skyline of the palace museum. at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it . this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china.
a world-famous historical site, the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.
the palace museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . it has 9000-strong rooms in it . according to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .the whole pound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian gate in the south ,the gate of
military prowess in the north, donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north, donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west. on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . encircling the pound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the palace museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.
the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di, the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang. the whole plex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north. prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china. for example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” undert plex, two –dozen processes. as the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil. involving plicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture. it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people. a carefully preserved and plete group of royal residences, the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.
what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museum-the meridian gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. it is flanked by two wings on each side .the wings are square in shape ,plete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. all of these structures are connected by a colonnade. because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower) . inside the main hall there is a throne. drums and bells were stored in the wings. whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.
as the legend goes, the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed. this not true. however, flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors ,if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor, he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick .at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion .on the other hand, this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month). on these occasions, chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials.
upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum. the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges. the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs. the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members. the rest were used by palatines. aside from decoration, the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire. most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood. what is more ,according to ancient chinese cosmology, the south is the abode of fire, so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace. in this way, the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture.
this building is called the gate of supreme harmony .in the foreground stand two bronze lions. can anybody
tell which is male and which is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female, representing prosperity the endless succession. a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance . from it ,you can see that the palace museum has two main parts: the forecourt and the inner court. the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt, and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites. behind the forecourt there is the inner court, consisting of major halls and the imperial garden .it was where the emperor attended state affairs, lived and enjoyed his luxurious life. the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and s of ancient art and culture. the palace museum houses nearly one million s of rare treasure, or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums. there are the three main halls of the palace museum, built on a triple marble terrace . since most of china `s architecture is made of wood, the buildings cannot be too tall. to gain the height of the architecture, ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace .it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square. on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods .the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes, which served as symbols of longevity .on the east is a sundial, an ancient timepiece. on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable.
in the front and on each flank ,there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty .each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire .the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony ,also known as the throne hall. it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear. with terrace exclusive ,the hall is 26.92 meters in height and is 35.03 meters in all .covering and areaof 2,377 square meters, the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure. the hall is supported by 6 thick ,round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons. as the holiest place in the hall, the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time. the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants, luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18,000 kilometers a day and understand all languages), cranes and incense barrels .over the throne there is the caisson ,or covered ceiling ,which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth .this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror ,and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs. the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold .magnificently built and luxuriously decorated ,this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs. he used his hall for major events such as his birthday, conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war.
behind the hall of supreme harmony ,there sits the hall of plete harmony. this structure is square in shape .each side is 24.15 meters. this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites. this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers before he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies. a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood. there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall. behind the hall of plete harmony ,you will see the hall of preserving harmony, which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held. the imperial examination was the hignest level of peting for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty. china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty. to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs, the largest of its kind in the whole country . it is 16.57 meters in length, 3.07 meters in width, 1.7 meters thick and
weighs 250 tons. it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing. to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process. we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity. it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court .this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity. emperor qianlong held court here. proceeding further north ,you can find three main rear halls ,i.e. the hall of heavenly purity. the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility. the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon .inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations. all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity , which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven. the empress and concubines lived in the inner court.
the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs. later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation. looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription “be open and above-board,” a manifesto to court struggle .behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor. this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty. two copies of the will were prepared .one was stashed by the emperor in person ,the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque. after the death of the emperor, the two copies would be pared and successor would be announced. it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne.
behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace , which is indentical to the hall of plete harmony. it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions , a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there. in the hall, you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of “we wei,” exhorting taoist doctrines.
further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity, which once served as the living room of the empresses` . the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place .through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs. this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs.
the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden ),which was used by the emperor ,the empress, and the concubines. a magnificent structure stands in the middle. it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall. it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style. it served as a shrine to the taoist deity. the garden covers a space of 12,000 square meters ,and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south. there are a dozen halls, verandahs, pavilions and waterside houses in the garden . on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape. the garden also features an imperial landscape. with rare trees and exotic rockery, the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks .in all ,a total of 10-strong building styles were applied.
the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, the back door of the
palace museum. our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not . on the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign charcoal hill , providing natural protection for the forbidden city. this was also an embodiment of china` s construction style-putting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear. now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum.
故宫.The.Palace.Museum ※
What strikes one first in a bird's -eye view of Beijing proper is a vast tract of golden roofs flashing brilliantly in the sun with purple walls occasionally emerging amid them and a stretch of luxuriant tree leaves flanking on each side. That is the former Imperial Palace, popularly known as the Forbidden City, from which tty-four emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties ruled China for some 500 years--from1420 to 1911. The Ming Emperor Yong Le, who usurped the throne from his nephew and made Beijing the capital, ordered its construction, on which approximately 10,000 artists and a million workmen toiled for 14 years from 1406 to 1420. At present, the Palace is an elaborate museum that presents the largest and most plete ensemble of traditional architecture plex and more than 900,000 pieces of court treasures in all dynasties in China.
Located in the center of Beijing, the entire palace area, rectangular in shape and 72 hectares in size, is surrounded by walls ten meters high and a moat 52 meters wide. At each corner of the wall stands a watchtower with a double-eave roof covered with yellow glazed tiles.
The main buildings, the six great halls, one following the other, are set facing south along the central north-south axis from the Meridian Gate, the south entrance, to Shenwumen, the great gate piercing in the north wall. On either side of the palace are many paratively small buildings. Symmetrically in the northeastern section lie the six Eastern Palaces and in the northwestern section the six Western Palaces. The Palace area is divided into two parts: the Outer Court and the Inner Palace. The former consists of the first three main halls, where the emperor received his courtiers and conducted grand ceremonies, while the latter was the living quarters for the imperial residence. At the rear of the Inner Palace is the Imperial Garden where the emperor and his family sought recreation.
The main entrance to the Palace is the Meridian Gate(1), which was so named because the emperor considered himself the "Son of the Heaven" and the Palace the center of the universe, hence the north-south axis as the Meridian line going right through the Palace. The gate is crowned with five towers, monly known as the Five-Phoenix Towers(2), which were installed with drums and bells. When the emperor t to the Temple of Heaven, bells were struck to mark this important occasion. When he t to the Ancestral Temple, it was the drums that were beaten to publicize the event.
Beyond the Meridian Gate unfolds a vast courtyard across which the Inner Golden Water River runs from east to west. The river is spanned by five bridges, which were supposed to be symbols of the five virtues preached by Confucius--benevolence, righteousness, rites, intelligence, and fidelity(3).
At the north end of the courtyard is a three-tiered white marble terrace, seven meters above the ground,
on which, one after another, stand three majestic halls; the Hall of Supreme Harmony(4), the Hall of Complete Harmony(5), and the Hall of Preserving Harmony(6).
The Hall of Supreme Harmony, rectangular in shape, 27 meters in height, 2,300 square meters in area, is the grandest and most important hall in the Palace plex. It is also China's largest existing palace of wood structure and an outstanding example of brilliant color binations. This hall used to be the throne hall for ceremonies which marked great occasions: the Winter Solstice, the Spring Festival, the emperor's birthday and enthronement, and the dispatch of generals to battles, etc. On such occasions there would be an imperial guard of honor standing in front of the Hall that extended all the way to the Meridian gate.
On the north face of the hall in the center of four coiled-golden dragon columns is the "Golden Throne", which was carved out of sandalwood. The throne rests on a two-meter-high platform with a screen behind it. In front of it, to the left and right, stand ornamental cranes, incense burners and other ornaments. The dragon columns entwined with golden dragons measure one meter in diameter. The throne itself, the platform and the screen are all carved with dragon designs. High above the throne is a color-painted coffered ceiling which changes in shape from square to octagonal to circular as it ascends layer upon layer. The utmost central vault is carved with the gilded design of a dragon toying with pearls. when the Emperor mounted the throne, gold bells and jade chimes sounded from the gallery, and clouds of incense rose from the bronze cranes and tortoises and tripods outside the hall on the terrace. The aura of majesty created by the imposing architecture and solemn ritual were designed to keep the subjects of the "Son of the Heaven" in awe and reverence.
The Hall of Complete Harmony is smaller and square with windows on all sides. Here the emperor rehearsed for ceremonies. It is followed by the Hall of Preserving Harmony in which banquets and imperial examinations were held.
Behind the Hall of Preserving Harmony lies a huge marble ramp with intertwining clouds and dragons carved in relief. The slab, about 6.5 meters long, 3 meters wide and 250 tons in weight, is placed between two flights of marble steps along which the emperor's sedan was carried up or down the terrace. It is the largest piece of stone carving in the Imperial Palace. Quarried in the mountains scores of kilometers southwest of Beijing, this gigantic stone was moved to the city by sliding it over a specially paved ice road in winter. To provide enough water to build the ice road, wells were sunk at very 500 meters along the way.
The three halls of the Inner Palace are replicas of the three halls in the front, but smaller in size. They are the Palace of Heavenly Purity(7), the Hall of Union(8), and the Palace of Earthly Tranquility(9).
The Palace of Heavenly Purity was once the residence of the Ming emperors and the first two of the Qing emperors. Then the Qing Emperor Yong Zheng moved his residence to the Palace of Mental Cultivation and turned it into an audience hall to receive foreign envoys and handled the state affairs. The promotion and demotion of officials were also decided in this hall. After the emperor's death his coffin was placed here for a 49-day period of mourning.
The Palace of Union was the empress's throne room and the Hall of Earthly Tranquility, once a private
living room for the empress, was partitioned. The west chamber served religious purposes and the east one was the bridal chamber where the newly married emperor and empress spent their first two nights after their wedding.
The Imperial Garden was laid out during the early Ming dynasty. Hundreds of pines and cypresses offer shade while various flowers give colors to the garden all year round and fill the air with their fragrance. In he center of the garden is the Hall of Imperial Peace, a Daoist temple, with a flat roof slightly sloping down to the four eaves. This type of roof was rare in ancient Chinese architecture. In he northeastern corner of the garden is a rock hill, known as the Hill of the Piled-up Wonders, which is topped with a pavilion. At the foot of the hill are two fountains which jet two columns of water high into the air. It is said that on the ninth night of the ninth month of the lunar calendar, the empress would mound the hill to enjoy the autumn scene. It is also believed that climbing to a high place on that day would keep people safe from contagious diseases.
The six Western Palaces were residences for empresses and concubines. They are kept in their original way for show. The six Eastern Palaces were the residences for them too. But now they serve as special museums: the Museum of Bronze, the Museum of Porcelain and the Museum of Arts and Crafts of the Ming and Qing dynasties. In the northeastern-most section of the Inner Palace are the Museum of Traditional Chinese Paintings and the Museum of Jewelry and Treasures where rare pieces of imperial collections are on display.
Now the Forbidden City is no longer forbidding, but inviting. A visit to the Palace Museum will enrich the visitors' knowledge of history, economy, politics, arts as well as architecture in ancient China.
Notes:
1. the Meridian Gate 午门
2. the Five-Phoenix Towers 五凤楼
3. benevolence, righteousness, rites, intelligence, and fidelity 仁、义、礼、智、信
4. the Hall of Supreme Harmony 太和殿
5. the Hall of Complete Harmony 中和殿
6. the Hall of Preserving Harmony 保和殿
7. the Palace of Heavenly Purity 乾清宫
8. the Hall of Union 交泰殿
9. the Palace of Earthly Tranquility 坤宁宫
西单Xidan
王府井Wangfujing
中华世纪坛China Millennium Monument
故宫the National Palace Museum
东直门Dongzhimen
鸟巢Nest
水立方Cubic meters of water
水上公园Water park
国家体育馆National Stadium
长城 The Great Wall
故宫 The Palace Museum(TheForbidden City)
人民大会堂 Great Hall of the people
颐和园 The Summer Palace
香山 The Fragrant Hill
天安门广场 Tian An Men Square
人民英雄纪念碑 Monument to the People's heroes
**纪念堂 The Memorial Hall of Chairman Mao
天坛 The Temple of Heaven
雍和宫 Lama Temple
亚运村 Asian Games Village
圆明园 Garden of Gardens
民族文化宫 The Nationalities Cultural Palace
十三陵 The Ming Tombs
首都体育馆 The Capital Gymnasium
中国人民历史博物馆 Museum of Chinese History and the Chinese Revolution 中国人民歌名军事博物馆 Military Museum of the Chinese People's Revolution 农业展览馆 The Agriculture Exhibition Hall
中国美术馆 The Chinese Art Gallery
卢沟桥 Marco Polo Bridge(Lugou bridge)
中华世纪坛 China Millennium Monument
紫檀博物馆 China red sandalwood museum