作文一:《英语作文 关于科技发展》1100字
With the rapid development of technology, the popularity of the network is more and more widely, more and more people like to make ments on the various events in the network. A relatively rare event or quite shocking events also can be easy to bee the center of network public opinion.
And the reason of network public opinion happening is that the rapid development of the network makes the rapid dissemination of information. Every small events are likely to bee the center of network public opinion. And the second reason is many people have a strong sense of Equal and justice. And the network is a very good platform to make their speech attention and recognition. So that many people like to go to internet to make ments on it. In the course of time the network public opinion has bee more and more frequent
But the emergence of the network public opinion brings different influence.First of all is the good side.Network public opinion can supervise the false, unfair events,officials, play a supervisory role.But on the other hand, The network of public opinion also caused a lot of bad influence.Such as Human flesh search also easy to cause the invasion of privacy.
示例用法 :
作文二:《关于科技创新的英语作文》2400字
Dear Mr. President,
I’d like to show my opinions on students’ scientific and
technological abilities for innovation and give some suggestions.
I don’t think our school is well engaged in improving students’
innovation abilities. In my eyes, students in our school do little innovative jobs other than study. In most of their part time, they listen to music, read books, or play puter games, which needn’t
be much creative.
In order to improve abilities for innovation, firstly university leaders can show the importance of innovation by lectures, posters, etc. Then secondly, lessons and atmosphere in class can be improved by teachers, for example, to encourage creative thinking and innovative assignments. Finally, large numbers of creative activities such as scientific inventions also help a lot. By participating in those activities, students can not only be more creative, but also enrich their lives.
In a word, scientific and technological innovation is of great importance. With more excellent and creative students in science and technology, our school will be more powerful, so will our country.
下面是赠送的保安部制度范本,不需要的可以编辑删除!!!!谢谢!
保安部工作制度
一、认真贯彻党的路线、方针政策和国家的法津法觃,按照####年度目标的要求,做好####的安全保卫工作,保护全体人员和公私财物的安全,保持####正常的经营秩序和工作秩 序。
二、做好消防安全工作,认真贯彻“预防为主”的方针,教育提高全体人员的消防意识和防火知识,配备、配齐####各个楼层的消防器材,管好用好各种电器设备,确保####各通道畅 通,严防各种灾害事故的发生。
三、严格贯彻值班、巡检制度,按时上岗、到岗,加经对重要设备和重点部位的管理,防止和打击盗窃等各种犯罪活劢,确保####内外安全。 四、、加强保安队部建设,努力学习业务知识,认真贯彻法律法觃,不断提高全体保安人员的思想素质和业务水平,勤奋工作,秉公执法,建设一支思想作风过硬和业务素质精良的保安队伍。
11、保持监控室和值班室的清洁干净,天天打扫,窗明地净。 12、服从领导安排,完成领导交办任务。
5、积极扑救。火警初起阶段,要全力自救。防止蔓延,尽快扑灭,要正确使用灭火器,电器,应先切断电源。
6、一旦发生火灾,应积极维护火场秩序,保证进出道路畅通。看管抢救重要物资,疏散危险区域人员。
九、协同本部门或其他部门所进行的各项工作进行记录。
保安员值班操作及要求
一、交接岗
1、每日上午9时和下午 19时 为交接岗。
2、交接岗时将当班所接纳物品清点清楚,以及夜班所发生的情况未得到解决的需>
面汇报。检查值班室内外的卫生状况,地面无纸屑,桌面无杂物,整齐清洁。
二、执勤
1、7:50 — 8:10、13:50 —14:10立岗迎接上班人员;12:00 — 12:20 、18:00 — 18:20立岗送下班人员。
2、值勤时做到遇见领导立岗,检查物品立岗,外来人员进出立岗。
3、门卫室值勤时,应做到坐姿端正,注规监规器的劢态,做好接待工作,值勤期间不看书报电规,听收音机。不不无关人员聊天,劝阻无关人员不要在门卫室寄存物品或打电话,禁止打瞌睡。
4、维持门口秩序,使之保持畅通。
5、熟记消防,报警,救护及内部联系电话。
三、巡逻
巡逻是防盗及发现####有不安全因素的重要措施。
1、每天按照巡检制度定时轮流巡逻。
2、巡逻时思想集中,保持高度警惕,不吸烟,不不无关人员闲聊,并将每一点所发生情况记录清楚,巡逻时做到勤走劢,勤思考,勤观察。发现问题及时报告。 3、白天加强对观众区、办公区及楼道的巡逻,夜晚以机房为重点进行检查,每晚零点之后巡查不少于两次。
四、防火工作
1、严格门卫制度,严禁无关人员,将易燃易爆物品带入####。 2、发现违反安全觃定的电源和火种,应予以切断和熄灭,应报告####领导采取相关措施。
3、值勤时发现物质储存,保管不符合防火要求,消防器材移作他用及非正常使用灭火器,应及时阻止,并报告,提请有关部门整改。
4、发生火灾先拨打 119 向消防部队报警,并立即报告####领导。报警时简要讲清####地址,电话号码及火情,同时派人在门口接应,引导消防车进入火场,向消防人员介绍水源,总电闸部位等。
作文三:《关于科技产品的英语作文150词》13500字
Glossary
物质
值
函数
方程式
方程组
逻辑方程 解方程
表达式
展开式
正极
负极
电路
电流
恒量
变量
电动机
发电机
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图像处理 热力学
原子
原子核
分子
离子
中子
质子
(章)节
无线电波 光波
力
(力的)大小和方向 磁
电磁学
放射性
电流
电压
电阻
万用表
压力计
性能
用户数据 热量
体积
自由电子 晶体
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保证
输入
输出
椭圆
半圆
圆
原点
直径
半径
角度
交流电
直流电
参数
半导体
元素
易燃的气体 液体
气体
固体
X轴
波长
阻力
定律
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定理
代数
几何
电子工程师 原子能
核能
电磁波
挤压/压缩 均匀的薄膜 恒定温度 上升
下降
起重机
导线
电荷
码
电阻率
测量
组合
呈指数地(变化) 十的平方 十的立方 立方米
临界温度 垂直线
垂直
常用符号 延时
电路图
方框图
永久地
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电容器
储存电荷 二端口网络 传播延时 显像管
公式
成正比
成反比
带宽
幂
有理数
无理数
磁场
天然的和人造的 直线
曲线
镜头
二进制
十进制
波形
摩擦
探测
雷达发射机 防水
光谱
变压器
加减乘除 比率
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比值,分数
电子望远镜 光学望远镜 优越性
模-数转换器 混合参数 功 动能 万有引力 位能 气体膨胀 核裂变 接收机 放大器 编码系统 天线 隧穿 调制信号 数据处理 平移运动 垂直运动 进行试验 通讯卫星 采样 样品 机械能 电能 弹性 导数 表示 幻灯机 标准螺钉 右旋 串联 并联 动力学 酶 中暑 画线 图解
(火箭)推力 无限 无数 无限大 无限小
有限 线圈 皮带 分析模型 地磁场 金属导体 微积分 指令 细胞膜 周期波形 循环系统 人体组织 电流反馈 容器 新奇事 绝缘体 漏电 真空管 倒数 浏览器 磁感应 装置 电感器 误差 罗盘指针 集电极 晶体管 扩散率 变化情况 导电率 概率 斜率 实用性 绝对值 极限值
篇二:科技英语写作之词汇
科技英语写作之词汇 1.科技英语词汇及其构成
科技英语(EST,即English for science and technology),包括科学和技术两个大的门类,每一门类又各有分支,科学中有生命科学和物理科学,技术领域包括机械、电子、信息技术,以及航空和航天技术,其结构关系如图1所示。
科技英语词汇是科技英语交际的基础,而科技英语语篇的准确(precise)、简洁(concise)、清晰(clear)首先依赖于科技英语词汇。从词汇的生成方法来讲,科技英语词汇主要
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有派生、合成和缩略三种主要形式。
1.1派生
派生词(Derivatives),是由一个词根词素和一个或者两个以上的派生词素(即词缀)所构成。英语中约有三分之二以上的词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的派生词。以《英汉技术词典》为例, 以“anti- ”构成的词有 360 个, 以“auto- ”构成的词有 264 个, 以“inter- ”构成的词有 311 个, 以“multi- ”构成的词就有 415 个,而以semi-和auto-构成了科技词汇有近500个之多。虽然派生词数量巨大, 但构成这些词的词根、词缀的数量却相对较少。 在科技英语中,词根词素主要来源于希腊语和拉丁语,如下表所示, 表1:词根词素表
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前缀(prefix)通常不改变词干的词类,只改变其词义,从意义上,前缀可以分成8个类型。 一、前缀
4 表示“程度、大小或差别关系”
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(注) col- - 和cor为con- 的变体形式。col- 用在1前,- 用在b、m和p前,而cor- 则用在r前。
(注) be- ,en- 和em-均可加在名词或形容词前,使其变为动词。 be- 表示“使(显得)”、“视作”等意思;en-和em-(用在b、m和p前)表示“使(成为)”“使处于…状态” 等意思。
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3
后缀
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后缀包括:名词后缀,动词后缀,形容词后缀. 构成名词后缀的有 名词性后缀,
加后缀构成新词可能改变也可能不改变词义,但一般改变词性。例如:electricity,conductor,invention. 有 的 派生词加后缀的时候,词音或拼写可能发生变化。例如: 例如;动词性后缀,例如形容词性后缀,例如等 由名词后缀
。该后缀不仅改变了原词
的词义, 而且改变了词性, 将形容词改
变为名词。了解了后缀的含义, 就能掌握由该后缀组成的一系列派生 词的词义。
采用前缀构成的单词在计算机专业英语中占的比例较大。
Retry———重试, rewrite———重写, misspell———拼错, misused———误用的, invalid———无效的、非法的,non-removable———不可更改, rename———换名, abnormal———异常, microputer———微型计算机, mini-size———小型号, Multimedia———多媒体, Interface———接口, Microprocessor———微处理器, Hypertext———超文本, hypermedia telephone———电话, Telescope———望远镜, Hardware———硬件,
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Reliability———可靠性。
如 由 macro- (宏)派生而来的词有 macrocode(宏代
码)、 macrodefine(宏定义);以 multi-
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篇三:《科技英语写作》词汇表
Glossary
物质
值
函数
方程式
方程组
逻辑方程 解方程
表达式
展开式
正极
负极
电路
电流
恒量
变量
电动机
发电机
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图像处理 热力学
原子
原子核
分子
离子
中子
质子
(章)节
无线电波 光波
力
(力的)大小和方向 磁
电磁学
放射性
电流
电压
电阻
万用表
压力计
性能
用户数据 热量
体积
自由电子 晶体
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保证
输入
输出
椭圆
半圆
圆
原点
直径
半径
角度
交流电
直流电
参数
半导体
元素
易燃的气体 液体
气体
固体
X轴
波长
阻力
定律
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定理
代数
几何
电子工程师 原子能
核能
电磁波
挤压/压缩 均匀的薄膜 恒定温度 上升
下降
起重机
导线
电荷
码
电阻率
测量
组合
呈指数地(变化) 十的平方 十的立方 立方米
临界温度 垂直线
垂直
常用符号 延时
电路图
方框图
永久地
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电容器
储存电荷 二端口网络 传播延时 显像管
公式
成正比
成反比
带宽
幂
有理数
无理数
磁场
天然的和人造的 直线
曲线
镜头
二进制
十进制
波形
摩擦
探测
雷达发射机 防水
光谱
变压器
加减乘除 比率
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比值,分数
电子望远镜 光学望远镜 优越性
模-数转换器 混合参数 功 动能 万有引力 位能 气体膨胀 核裂变 接收机 放大器 编码系统 天线 隧穿 调制信号 数据处理 平移运动 垂直运动 进行试验 通讯卫星 采样 样品 机械能 电能 弹性 导数 表示 幻灯机 标准螺钉 右旋 串联 并联 动力学 酶 中暑 画线 图解
(火箭)推力 无限 无数 无限大 无限小
有限 线圈 皮带 分析模型 地磁场 金属导体 微积分 指令 细胞膜 周期波形 循环系统 人体组织 电流反馈 容器 新奇事 绝缘体 漏电 真空管 倒数 浏览器 磁感应 装置 电感器 误差 罗盘指针 集电极 晶体管 扩散率 变化情况 导电率 概率 斜率 实用性 绝对值 极限值
篇四:英文科技写作句型和词汇表达总结(2010-)
以前的研究:过去时,
自己研究中做过的事:过去时,
其他都用:现在时态。
研究发现的可能解释理由用助动词:can, may, might, it
seems that, could,
研究结果的评论不确定语气:appear, seem, it is likely that,
二.词汇和常用表达结构
1.图表所示、发现、揭示等
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as illustrated(seen, shown, observed) in Fig.1, as is evident from
from Fig.2, from the results,
by observing Fig.2, based on the above analysis,
Fig shows that, the results show, It is (can be) revealed (proved, suggested, observed, found, concluded, noticed, seen, believed) that, it is clear to see/observe tha
t, it indicates(shows, imply) that, find out,it is evident that ,
it is assumed that ,
As described below, as seen from, as explained above, as evident from, exhibit
it follows that 由此断定…,由此得出结论…
point out cast doubt on:对产生怀疑
2.得到、获得、
obtain, get, attain, capture, acquire, achieve, gain, 完成,
实现: plete, acplish, realize,
通过什么方式去做,利用/使用
through/via/by/with doing sth, using sth,
by use of, by means of, make use of, with the aid of
use, employ, utilize, adopt, put to use, put into use, apply,
影响 Affect, influence, impact on, have an effect on,
发生,开始,
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occur, take place, happen, mence, begin, start, to start with, to begin with, at the beginning,
显然、明显,
Obviously, distinctly, clearly, significantly, apparently, remarkable, as seen, conspicuous,
striking, dramatically
解释,说明,考虑
Explain, account for, allow for,take account for/of, be
indicative of (表明,说明) Considering, take into account,
with/without/in consideration of, regarding, concerning,
描述、提出、说明:
Illustrate, manifest, present, show, indicate, cite, describe, summarize, depict, annotate, appear, take on, plot, demonstrate, propose, put forward, put forth,
比较大小、多少 Less than, greater, more, larger,
parable(可比较的,相当的) 经验的
Empirical, experimental,
做,执行等,
Carry out, conduct, perform, do, implement,
Have a good agreement, in good agreement with, match very well with, agree well with, show good agreement, in full agreement with, in line with corresponding to/with,
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consistent with, in good accordance with, coincide with, concord with, fit well with 研究,调查
Study, investigate, explore, exploratory examine, make an investigation on/of/into, carry out a research 达到,To reach
this objective
Reach, approach, up to, add up to, e to, arrive, beyond, out of reach,
验证,假设
Validate, verify, justify,hypothesize
Assume, suppose, assumption, hypothesis, assume to be, it is assumed that… postulate 公设
增加、上升、减少、下降
Increase, decrease, reduce, reduce to, increase by(增加了
多少), increase up to(增加到), rise to, give rise to, sth arise, increase with (随…增长/增加)
完全地,基本地,详细地,具体地,深入的,类似地,
Completely, entirely, adequately, mostly, extremely, truly, indeed, really, actually, mainly, primarily, detailed, in detail, in great detail, in more detail, for more details,
Deeper, deeply, better, in depth,
similarly, inadequately, notably, overly(过度地、极度地),
Experimentally,
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改善、提高:improve, promote, boost, enhance, facilitate,
相关,包括,大约大概:concerned with, relate to, with
regard to, Be involved in/with, with respect to, be concerned with, as for,
Around, about, approximately,
决定:determine, decide, depend on ,rely on
目的、试图:an attempt to, aim at, in an attempt to, the objective is, in order to, the aim of is to the aim of this research is to dothe purpose is, be aimed at,
经历,保持: hold, keep, undergo, experience, remain, retain,
导致:cause, induce, lead to, result in, originate from, arise from,
根据,基于:according to, in terms of, in the light of, judge by, on the basis of, in view of, based on,
On behalf of, in the form of, referring to, with reference to, in reference to
除了:other than, apart from, with the exception of, except for/that, besides, in addition, additionally, 理论上,
事实上:in principle, in practice, in fact, in reality, in theory, theoretically,
从某种程度上:
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To some extent, to a large/certain extent, in a way, in a
sense, to some degree, in some sense,
from the viewpoints of , from the perspective of,
得出结论:draw a conclusion, e to/reach a conclusion,
推断,猜测:
Infer,derive from, deduce, speculate,
认为,当作
Consider as, regard as, refer to as,
建立模型
establish, create,build,
run/do the simulation
in the case of : 在…情况下
遵循趋势:
obey, follow trend, tendency,
组成
consist of , contain, be posed of, include,
强调:highlight, emphasize, lay emphasis on , the emphasis is layed on
集中:focus on, concentrate on , be centered on
设定为 to set to be
辨别、区分:discern,differentiate,identify as,
其他专业词汇表达
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small batch production, small quantity production, high
volume production, mass production,
metal-formed product, micro-formed part,
reproducibility: 再现性、重复性
experimental determination,
in particular, especially,
评估,评价:evaluate, assess,
扮作:act as,
分离,隔绝,separate from, isolate, set apart from
缺少:in the absence of
by convention:按照传统,惯例,
使成为: make sth sth
no longer(不再)
but rather(相反的)
be typical of (典型的)
成反比:inversely scale with
涉及,牵涉到:involve, cover,
拓展:extend into
最近,新近more recently, 到目前为止,迄今 to date,
解释、提示原因或结果的转接词:
attribute to, because, as a result of, therefore, thereby, in
general, consequently, as predicted, in conclusion, since, as
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for, finally, hence, thus, as, for, due to, in summary, because of, when, cause, on account of, result in, owing to, contribute to, thanks to, lead to, the reason is, that is because, devoted to, accordingly, as a consequence of, arise from 起逻辑演进
作用的转接词:递进关系,不但…而且…等
Furthermore, in addition, besides, first, second, third, finally, lastly, moreover, incidentally, in fact, in truth, as a matter of fact, for example, such as, next, then, for instance, take an instance of , likewise/as such(同样), again(此外), at
root, as well as, as follows, in the following, below, based on, above, above-mentioned, aforementioned, as with(正如,与一
样,就来说),as noted(正如前面所提到的),additionally, in
parallel,
as stated( 如上所述)
meanwhile:同时
对比词,表示逻辑演进方向即将改变如但是等
But, however, instead, nevertheless, despite, surprisingly, in spite of, nonetheless, in/by contrast to/with , for parison, whereas, while, even though, although,
pared with, regardless of, as pared to, with regard to, in relation to, by contrast, irrespective of, in parison to
与联系,联合:in association with
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同时,同样的, at the same time, in the same way, in the
same time
对应关系
A vs. B versus
三.英文研究论文中的表达句子
substitute equation (1) into equation (2)把代入等式
The scale in Fig (a) runs from black for low values to
white for the highest Schmid factors.
offers more insight into,
holds for all three materials,
四.英文科技论文中的语言技巧,不可不看
a)如何指出当前研究的不足以及有目的地引导出自己的研究的重要性
通常在叙述了前人成果之后,用However来引导不足,比如
However, little information..
little attention...
little work...
little data
little research
or few studies
few investigations...
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few researchers...
few attempts...
or no
none of these studies
has (have) been less
done on ...
focused on
attempted to
conducted
investigated
studied
(with respect to)
Previous research (studies, records) has (have)
failed to consider
ignored
misinterpreted
neglected to
overestimated, underestimated
misleaded
thus, these previous results are
inconclusive, misleading, unsatisfactory, questionable,
controversial.. Uncertainties (discrepancies) still exist ...
23
这种引导一般提出一种新方法,或者一种新方向。如果研究的方法 以及方向和前人一样,可以通过下面的方式强调自己工作的作用: However, data is still scarce
rare
less accurate
there is still dearth of
We need to
aim to
have to
provide more documents
data
records
studies
increase the dataset
Further studies are still necessary...
essential...
为了强调自己研究的重要性,一般还要在However之前介绍自己研究 问题的反方面,另一方面等等
比如:
1)时间问题
如果你研究的问题时间上比较新,你就可以大量提及对时间较老的问题 的研究及重要性,然后说(However),对时间
24
尺度比较新的问题研究不足
2)物性及研究手段问题
如果你要应用一种新手段或者研究方向,你可以提出当前比较流行的方法 以及物质性质,然后说对你所研究的方向和方法,研究甚少。
3)研究区域问题
首先总结相邻区域或者其它区域的研究,然后强调这一区域研究不足
4)不确定性
虽然前人对这一问题研究很多,但是目前有两种或者更多种的观点, 这种uncertainties, ambiguities,值得进一步澄清
5)提出自己的假设来验证
如果自己的研究完全是新的,没有前人的工作进行对比,在这种情况下, 你可以自信地说,根据提出的过程,存在这种可能的结果,本文就是要 证实这种结果。
We aim to test the feasibility (reliability) of the ...
It is hoped that the question will be resolved (fall away)
with our proposed method (approach).
b) 提出自己的观点
We aim to
This paper reports on
25
provides results
extends the method..
focus on
The purpose of this paper is to
篇五:科技英语论文实用写作学习心得 (5000字)
科技英语论文写作学习心得作为一名刚刚步入科研工作的学生,深切的感触到,科研的进步在于科研工作之间交流,讨论,阅读。而面对全球众多的科研工作者来说,本领域学者之间的交流,最多的形式不过于是以文字形式进行传播的科研文章,各个国家学者的文章是大家相互学习的最有效的途径。那么面对不同种族,不同语言,文字的科研工作者来说,要想让更多的相关领域的人们读到自己的文章,对自己的研究成果进行审阅。他们就需要用一种大家都可以看的懂的文字来将自己的文章展现在相关的科研平台上以供大家的查看和检索。英语作为世界各国人们交流的一种流通语言,同样可以用来作为科研领域学术文章流通的工具。那么如何写好一篇英文的科技论文,如何让那些非英语为母语和以英语为母语国家的科研人员可以读懂你的文章,不会对你所达的内容产生歧义,以达到科研学术结论供大家参考的目的,这其中的方式与技巧,必然与我们平常的英语写作形式,写作以及口语表达习惯有着很大的区别。每一个科研学者都需要自己去阅读和学习,英文科技论文当中大家定性的相关
26
规定与方法,从而了解到其他的科研学者是通过什么样的写作模式将自己的科研成果通过英文的方式让更多的人看到,了解并去传播的。通过对研究生阶段的这门科技英语论文写作课程的学习,让我认识到虽然自己已经经历过从中学到大学的十多年的英文学习,对英文这门语言来说也算是有课一定的掌握,但面对科技论文的写作时发现其有着自己的一套详细而又独特的写作方法,面对这种新颖的写作特点,既觉得新奇有感觉到了有点难受,特别是当面对最后的大作业中文文献翻译成英文时候,深深的感受到其翻译中给我带来的艰难。在课堂上,老师生动,幽默而又不失严厉的教学模式,对学生高标准,严要求,本着对学生负责的态度通过与学生互动对每一个知识点进行讲解,之后又通过在课堂上及时的实战练习,将学过的知识点直接进行应用练习,让学生很快就可以掌握其翻译要领,这样有条有理的教学方法,必然是一个有着多年教学经验的老教师才可以展现出来的风采。教学内容上老师较多将在学术文章中可能遇到的情况进行了举例讲解,如面对实验方法,实验设备,实验数据的分析和结果等语法表达,以及对一篇文章所要具有的结构,主题,除此之外,文章开头的背景,研究课题的意义,目的,价值,研究方法的描写,其中在英语论文的书写中多使用到的语法,时态等都通过不同例句进行分析和学生一起学习。其中的每一个知识点对以后遇到的可能的写作都有着很实用的
27
价值。教学中的每一个环节老师都主动和大家交流互动,引导大家的思维开放,用自己积累的方式与单词将一句话表达清楚,整个过成让人心情愉悦,轻松。其次,课堂上还着重讲解了在引用文章,引用他人的结论时可能出现的问题及技巧,如何通过时态的不同和使用将不同的内容引用的合理,其中的有些规定在科技文章的写作中如果要想表达的准确,明了还是很有必要的,而这个在自己私下的阅读和练习中是很难以注意到的。在用词造句上,口语与书面语的差别,和使用方法也同样通过例句的分析比较传授给学生,让我深刻的感受到书面语言的正式,严谨。在句型上通过对一段长句的划分析,每一个单词的词性和多意的理解,进行揣摩构造,表达出自己想要讲述的内容,并在课堂上老师多次带领学生一起对一整篇已经在科学杂志期刊上发表过的文章进行现场导读讲解,使学生可以完全跟进老师自己的阅读习惯和模式,以达到将自己的英文方面的技能的到传授的目的。在课堂的结束阶段,老师又对以往大家在英文科技论文写作中经常遇到的各种问题与错误进行了总结和指导,让我对今后使用英文对科研类文章的撰写有了更大的信心。总的来说,科技英文论文写作这门课程是一门非常实用的课程,是每一个科研人员都应该学习并拥有的一项必要技能,这门课程对新入学的研究生,即将进入研究岗位的大四学生等都是有着及其重要的教学意义,希望今后将会有更多的接触科研的学生
28
在这个课堂上受益。
29
作文四:《科技话题英语作文》15900字
智课网IELTS备考资料
雅思写作科技类话题常用短语
摘要: 为了帮助考生们更好地复习雅思考试,小马过河网雅思频道为各位考生整理了雅思写作科技类话题常用短
语,供考生们参考使用,更多雅思写作辅导请继续关注小马过河网雅思频道。
下面 小马 过河网 雅思 频道为大家整理了 雅思写作 科技类话题常用短语,供考生们参考,以下是详细内容。
1、登月 moon landing
2、国家安全 national security
3、核武器 nuclear weapon
4、科学成就 scientific achievement
5、科学仪器 scientific instrument
6、可再生资源 renewable energy sources
7、能源的耗损 depletionof resources
8、能源危机 energy crisis
9、人工智能 artificial intelligence
10、踏足于 set foot on
11、太空研究 space exploration / space research
1
12、天然资源 natural resources
13、现场直播 live TV broadcast
14、濒危物种 endangered species
15、环境恶化 environment deterioration
16、机械劳动 mechanical labor
17、家庭电器 household appliance
18、全球变暖 global warming
19、寿命 life expectancy、 life span
20、处于灭绝的边缘 be on the verge of extinction
21、促进人类社会的发展 promote the development of human society
22、恶劣的环境 hostile environment
23、降低成本 lower the cost
24、降低风险 lower the risks
25、破坏社会稳定 undermine the social stability
26、提高工作效率 improve work efficiency
27、提高生产力 increase the productivity
28、下岗工人 laid-off worker
29、不合伦理道德的 ethically and morally wrong
30、改善生活质量 improve the quality of
life
31、出现、产生 e into being
2
32、机器翻译 mechanical translation
33、不可避免的趋势 an inevitable trend
34、大量的知识储备 vast stores of knowledge
35、个人优缺点 individual strengths and weaknesses
36、个性化的改变 personalised shift
37、老师指导下的学习 teacher-directed learning
38、有深远的影响 have a profound effect on
39、环保的 environmentally friendly
40、散布信息 disseminateinformation
41、身心健康 physical and mental health
42、受到普遍欢迎 gain widespread popularity
43、有深远的影响 exert a far-reaching influence on
44、在线金融交易 online financialtransaction
45、直接的反馈 instant feedback
46、把虚幻当现实 take fantasy for reality
47、不健康的生活方式 unwholesome lifestyle
48、大量的信息 vast quantities of information
49、技术的局限性 technical limitation
50、加速信息的传播 acceleratethe flow of information
51、令人注目的 eye-catching
52、信息高速公路 information superhighway
54、不合要求 be not up to standard
3
55、传统的学校教育 conventionalschool education
56、工作的稳定性 job security
57、减少往返上下班的时间 reductions in muting time
58、接触、面对 be exposed to
59、经济有效的 cost-effective
60、灵活的工作环境 flexible work environment
61、恰当的监管 proper supervisionand guidance
62、全面的知识 a prehensive knowledge
63、人力资源 human resources
64、综合国力 overall national strength
65、广告行业的兴旺发达 the thriving of the advertising industry
66、建立和实施针对所有媒体的严格的审查制度
establish and impose a strict censorship on all mass media
67、随着因特网技术出现 with the advent of the Internet technology
68、一个公认的事实 a generally acknowledged fact
69、在这个日益电脑化的世界中 in this
increasinglyputerized world
70、如今,很多年轻人沉浸在电脑游戏中,以至于废寝
忘食,产生了许多消极结果。 Many youngsters today are so
4
preoccupied with puter games as to for sake food and sleep, resulting in a host of adverse consequences.
以上就是 小马过河 网雅思频道为大家整理的雅思写作
科技类话题常用短语,非常实用。更多资讯、资料尽在小马
过河网雅思频道。最后,小马过河网雅思频道预祝大家在 雅
思考试 中取得好成绩!
篇二:雅思作文科技类话题必备词汇
雅思写作 科技类话题必备词汇与例句
1. 科技的 technological
...an era of very rapid technological change.
科技发生迅猛变革的时代
Today, the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements. 当今, 随着科技进步,生活节奏不断增快。
Technological innovations have brought innumerable benefits.
技术革新已经带来了无穷的好处。
A successful pany must keep up with the pace of technological change. 一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变
革的步伐。
2. 尖端的 cutting-edge/sophisticated/advanced
What we are planning is cutting-edge technology never seen in Australia before...
5
我们正在开发的是一种在澳大利亚从未有过的尖端技术。
Without more training or advanced technical skills, theyll lose their jobs. 没有进一步的培训或高级技能的话,他们就
会丢掉工作。
More investment spending implies the use of more sophisticated equipment and machinery.
更多的投资支出又意味着使用更加先进的机器和设备。
3. 提高生产效率
augment/enhance/boost/increase/improve/heighten productivity
While searching for a way to augment the family ine, she began making dolls.
为了想法子增加家庭收入,她开始制作洋娃娃。
This is an opportunity to enhance the reputation of the pany.
这是提高公司声誉的机会。
It wants the government to take action to boost the economy...
它希望政府采取行动促进经济发展。
The third-quarter results reflect continued improvements in productivity... 第三季度的结果表明生产率持续上升。
A fortable working environment will increase
6
productivity.
舒适的工作环境能提高生产效率。
4. 生产,制造 produce/manufacture
The manufacture of television sets is a case in point.
电视机的制造就是一个很好的实例。
The production process is now highly mechanized.
现在的生产过程高度机械化。
They can provide individualized products for customers who have grown weary of mass-produced goods.
他们可以为那些对大量生产的商品感到厌倦的顾客提供
个人化的产品。
A manufacturer can amplify the demand of a product by advertising widely.
厂商能用大做广告的方法来扩大人们对产品的需求。
Manufacturing fell sharply under the impact of the recession.
受到经济萧条的影响,制造业急剧衰退。
5. 信息爆炸 information explosion/overload
Theyre used to multi-tasking and have learned to handle the information overload.
他们习惯了多任务、学会了处理信息过载。
Information overload can lead some people to tune out
7
messages altogether.
过量的信息可能会导致一些人干脆对全部信息都置之不
理。
6. 信息时代 information age/era
Its of important significance to develop digital library in information era. 在信息时代,数字图书馆的发展具有重要
的意义。
The information age speeds up everything, even our heart rate!
信息时代使一切都变快了,甚至我们的心跳也快了。
7. 虚拟世界 virtual world
Many young people are fascinated by the virtual world.
许多年轻人对电脑的虚拟世界着迷不已。
8. 创新 innovation/invention/breakthrough
We must promote originality and encourage innovation.
我们必须提倡创意,鼓励革新。
A new age dawned with the invention of the radio.
随着无线电的发明,一个新时代开始了。
Scientists have made a breakthrough in their treatment of some diseases. 科学家在治疗一些疾病方面已有突破。
9. 远程教育 distance learning
Im doing a psychology degree by distance learning.
8
我正通过远程教育课程攻读心理学学位。
Many people choose distance learning for its convenience and speed. 很多人选择远程学习是因为其方便和迅速。
10. 脱离现实的 be detached/disconnected from reality
11. 对健康的担忧 health concerns
The move follows growing public concern over the spread of the disease... 针对公众对该疾病的不断蔓延日益担忧,
从而出台了这一举措。
Academics and employers are deeply concerned that students are not sufficiently prepared mathematically for university courses.
学生掌握的数学知识不足以应付大学课程,这让大学老师
和用人单位非常担心。
12. 网络诈骗 online fraud
Many puter users are leaving themselves open to online fraud, research shows.
研究表明:大量的电脑用户易受网络诈骗。
13. 转基因食品 Genetically modified food
Many people believe that GM food is not good for their health.
许多人认为基因改良食品对健康有害。
Top supermarkets are to ban many genetically modified
9
foods.
大品牌超市即将下架许多转基因食品。
14. 远程通讯 telemunications
...the UK telemunications industry.
英国电信业
15. 实时的信息交流 real-time munication/instant messaging
...real-time language translations.
实时语言转换
... users of the instant-messaging services of Yahoo, Microsoft and other rivals.
雅虎、微软以及其他竞争对手的即时通信服务的用户
16. 人工智能 artificial intelligence
There are drugs which artificially reduce heart rate.
有可以人为降低心率的药物。
17. 太空探索 space exploration
These new discoveries have broken new ground in the exploration of the cosmos.
这些新的发现在宇宙探索方面开辟了新道路。
Humanity has made great progress in space exploration and medicine. 人类在太空研究和医学上取得了很大进展。
18. 宇航员 astronaut
10
19. 载人航天任务 manned space mission
20. 气象卫星 meteorological satellite
Worldwide coverage beamed by satellite generates huge audiences acpanied by global advertising revenues.
通过卫星发射的信号覆盖全世界,从而产生了大量的观众
并在全球范围内赚取不菲的广告费。
21. 气象学 meteorology
Meteorologists have predicted mild rains for the next few days.
篇三:雅思写作话题之科技类
上海新航道培训学校 ://sh.xhd./
雅思写作话题之科技类
现代通讯科技和媒体
母题1:People can perform everyday tasks, such as shopping and banking as well as business transactions, without meeting other people face-to-face. What are the effects of this on individuals and society as a whole? (050226, 070331)
解题:题目中的shopping,banking和business
transactions涵盖了网络购物、电视购物、网络银行、手机
银行、电话会议、视频会议等多种话题,使用分类法论述
positive和 negative effects。其实题目就是要求我们讨论科
11
技(现代信息技术和通讯科技)的利弊,或者说科技对个人及现代社会的积极影响和消极影响,因此,通过分析科技带来的积极和消极影响,找出跟这个题目有关的素材和观点,咱们就能掌握这个题目的写作,总的来说,科技的利弊如下:
利:第一,使工作,生活和学习变得方便快捷高效,省钱省时省力,促进商业交易和远程教育的发展;第二,获得各种各样的信息和资源;第三,现代通讯工具的社交功能和一些社交网站,使我们能够和亲人朋友随时保持联系,和任何地方的人进行交流,没有地域的限制;第四,娱乐性:通过手机,电脑看电影,看书和听音乐等
弊:过度依赖手机和互联网,沉迷于视频游戏和网络游戏等,会缺乏和亲人朋友面对面的交流和沟通,缺乏必要的社交技能,不知道如何与他人相处,疏远他人,导致一些心理问题,如孤立,抑郁和不爱社交;现代媒体上过多的暴力和色情信息可能会对青少年造成消极的影响;网络犯罪,电话诈骗等;电脑和手机的辐射会对人们的健康构成隐患,过多使用电脑会导致健康问题,缺乏体育锻炼;机器的使用造成失业率的上升
母题2:Many employees may work at home with the
modern technology. Some people claim that it can benefit
only the workers, not the employers. Do you agree or
disagree? (050716, 091212)
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解题:“在家上班”telemute对于员工和雇主都有好处。
对员工的好处:第一,方便快捷高效,省时省力:可以把每天花在上下班路上的时间用在工作上,从而提高了工作效率。第二,省钱:雇员可以省去交通费用。第三,更好的平衡家庭和工作:雇员在家上班既可以工作,同时又可以兼顾家庭。比如可以照顾小孩等。
对雇主的好处:第一,省钱:可以节约成本,因为雇员在家上班,雇主不用花钱去租办公室,也不用支付水电等费用。第二,雇主能够得到大量的人才资源,没有地域的限制,因为他们可以雇佣其他地方的人来工作
母题3: Some people believe that time spent on
television, video and puter games can be valuable for
children. Others believe this has negative effects on a child.
Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (080110)
上海新航道培训学校 ://sh.xhd./
解题:这道题要求讨论电视、视频和电脑游戏的好处与坏处。利:电视、录像和电脑游戏都对孩子的成长有好处,有助于开拓视野,增长见识,放松身心,而且电脑游戏能锻炼孩子的反应能力和协调合作能力,激发他们的想象力和创造力,对学生头脑和身体都有好处。
弊:电视、录像和电脑游戏都容易使孩子上瘾,浪费时
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间,学生长时间对着电脑或电视保持同一个姿势,注视屏幕,会导致很多健康问题,尤其是对视力影响很大。另外,电视、录像和电脑游戏中的色情和暴力信息会对未成年人产生不利影响。
母题4:There are social, medical and technical problems
associated with the use of mobile phones. What forms do
they take? Do you agree that the problems outweigh the
benefits of mobile phones? (060114)
解题:这道题目是手机类话题的经典题目,从社会、健康、科技三个角度来展开,相关的素材和观点可以从上面归纳的科技的利弊中进行选择。文章在正文段的写作中,可以采取让步论证的结构,先退一步承认反方观点,即手机有很多好处,简单论述,之后再过渡到论证个人观点,手机弊大于利,手机的问题可从以上提到的三方面展开。
子题:现代电子通讯工具和手段的利弊,科技改变人们的关系了吗,这个改变是好事还是坏事,电视的利弊,要不要鼓励儿童看电视,看电视和玩游戏对小孩、家庭和社会有什么影响,怎样解决,电脑不能帮助儿童学习,只会造成身心伤害,同意不同意,手机对于个人和社会的好处与坏处是什么,
其它科技话题
题目:早期的科技比现代科技的影响更大,同意不同意,
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科技的发展使得我们吃的食物种类更多,质量也得到改善,讨论这个现象的优缺点,现代科技在娱乐中的应用使人们失去了创造力吗,科技造成环境污染,使我们的生活变得更加复杂,我们是否要告别科技,过简单的生活,是否应该空运水果蔬菜,飞机是20 世纪最伟大的发明吗,
例:食品安全
母题:Some people support the developments in
agriculture such as factory farming and creations of new
types of fruits and vegetables, while others oppose this view.
Discuss both views and give your opinion. (080712)
解题:工厂化农业factory farming实现了高效率,高产值和高效益,尤其是提高了农产品的产量,但也产生了很多危害。比如大规模喷洒化学肥料chemical fertilizer和农药pesticide会造成环境污染,特别是污染土地资源和水资源,集中式养殖battery farming会侵害动物权利,也使得肉类安全受到威胁。转基因食品genetically modified food虽然改善了食物的品质,提高了食物的产量,但是破坏生态平衡,对人体健康构成潜在的威胁。
子题:长距离运输(空运)食品的好坏,科技改变食品的利弊,
文章来源:://sh.xhd./ielts/
篇四:话题类作文科学技术
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科学技术
? 必备词句
1.短语
(1)对……产生很大影响: have a great effect/influence on
(2)起很大作用:make a great difference to…
(3)改变人们的生活:change one’s life
(4)得益于、从……获益benefit from
(5)与……有关联:relate to/ be linked to
(6)能使用:have access to/ be accessible to
(7)代替:take the place of
(8)致力于:devote oneself to
(9)实现:e true
(10)赶上:keep/catch up with
(11)与……不同:be different from/differ from
(12)使某人能做:enable sb to do sth
(13)把……考虑进去:take something into consideration
(14)引起某人的注意:catch/attract the attention of sb
(15)导致:lead to/contribute to/result in/ bring about
(16)在某方面起重要的作用:play an important role in
(17)提高人类的生活质量:improve the quality of life for humans
(18)为治疗疾病而进行一项研究:carry out a research in
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the hope of curing the illnesses
2.句型
(1)科学技术是第一生产力。
Science and technology are a primary productive force.
(2)随着互联网、个人电脑、3G手机的日益普及,我们的
生活发生了巨大的变化或我们的生活精彩无限。(一句多译)
?With the Internet, PC, 3G cellphones being more and more popular, our life has greatly changed. (with复合结
构)
? 专题练析
基础写作:衣食住行的变化与未来
请根据以下表格内容,写一篇介绍人们在衣食住行等方面
发生的变化并想象未来的情况。 参考词汇:尼龙:nylon; 卷
轴:scroll
With the science and technology developing fast, life is
new every day and the present is quite different from the past. And what will life be like in the future?
Living in houses made of wood or grass in the past,
people now live in tall buildings or flats and maybe they will live underwater or in other planets in the future. Riding a horse was mon in the past, which was too slow but
today most people travel by motorbike, car, train or plane
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and will travel in spaceships in the future, which will
enable them to go anywhere at any time they want.
People used to wear clothes made of silk or cloth by hand,
but now the clothes are made of wool, nylon and cotton and
we can imagine that in the future people will not have to wash the clothes they wear.
As to reading, people read only scrolls or paper made from bamboo in the past but now we
can read not only books but online books while in the future people will read electronic materials or on cellphones. With a very small machine in hand, they can take out
whenever they want to read.
We live a happy life now and the future is wonderful. We should value what we have today and work hard for the bright future.
读写任务:面对日新月异的电子产品该如何选择
,写作内容,
1. 以约30个词概括这段短文的内容;
2. 然后以约120个词就“面对日新月异的电子产品该如何
选择”的主题发表看法,内容包括:
(1)你是否赞同作者以上陈述的观点,为什么,
(2)举例说明你心仪的一个电子产品的利弊;
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(3)假如你要购买一个你需要的产品,你最先考虑的是什
么,
Varieties of electronic gadgets, without which some of us can’t live, e into being. Despite their conveniences, they bring people much stress, so people have to balance their advantages and disadvantages before buying them.(34 words)
I can’t agree more with the author. With the development of science and technology, more and more fantastic electronic gadgets e into being, which dazzles people. People can’t resist the temptation to buy and update them since these gadgets bee outdated too quickly.
I have a lot of favourite electronic gadgets, one of which
is a video MP3. As well as carrying my favourite music, a
video MP3 player can play up to 150 hours of movies and TV programmes. However, it cost me 2,000 yuan. Besides,
the loud volume will damage my hearing if I overuse it.
If I want to buy a necessary electronical gadget, the first
factor that should be taken into consideration is whether it’s
practical.(120 words)
篇五:雅思写作科技话题常用词组
智课网IELTS备考资料
雅思写作科技话题常用词组
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摘要: 雅思写作科技话题常用词组
1,登月 moon landing
2,国家安全 national security
3,核武器 nuclear weapon
4,科学成就 scientific achievement
5,科学仪器 scientific instrument
6,可再生资源 renewable energy sources
7,能源的耗损 depletion of resources
8,能源危机 energy crisis
9,人工智能 artificial intelligence
10,踏足于 set foot on
14,濒危物种 endangered species
15,环境恶化 environment deterioration
16,机械劳动 mechanical labor
17,家庭电器 household appliance
18,全球变暖 global warming
19,寿命 life expectancy, life span
promote the development of human society
22,恶劣的环境 hostile environment
23,降低成本 lower the cost
24,降低风险 lower the risks
25,破坏社会稳定 undermine the social stability
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26,提高工作效率 improve work efficiency
29,不合伦理道德的 ethically and morally wrong
30,改善生活质量 improve the quality of life
31,出现、产生 e into being
32,机器翻译 mechanical translation
33,不可避免的趋势 an inevitable trend
40,散布信息 disseminate information
41,身心健康 physical and mental health
42,受到普遍欢迎 gain widespread popularity
43,有深远的影响 exert a far-reaching influence on
44,在线金融交易 online financial transaction
45,直接的反馈 instant feedback
46,把虚幻当现实 take fantasy for reality
47,不健康的生活方式 unwholesome lifestyle
48,大量的信息 vast quantities of information
51,令人注目的 eye-catching
52,信息高速公路 information superhighway
54,不合要求 be not up to standard
55,传统的学校教育 conventional school education
56,工作的稳定性 job security
57,减少往返上下班的时间 reductions in muting time
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58,接触、面对 be exposed to65,广告行业的兴旺发达
the thriving of the advertising industry
66,建立和实施针对所有媒体的严格的审查制度
establish and impose a strict censorship on all mass media
67,随着因特网技术出现with the advent of the Internet technology
68,一个公认的事实 a generally acknowledged fact
69,在这个日益电脑化的世界中in this increasingly
puterized world
70,如今,很多年轻人沉浸在电脑游戏中,以至于废寝
忘食,产生了许多消极结果。
Many youngsters today are so preoccupied with puter games as to forsake food and sleep, resulting in a
host of adverse consequences.
相关字搜索: 雅思写作
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作文五:《英语作文科技》1800字
The well-developed telemunications is an indispensable ponent of the modern social. As a result, many countries begin to built their munication system. For example, Russia has a strategic plan to pump 40 billion into various munications projects. China plans to pour some 100 billion into telemunications equipment. And Hungary impots western technology and sells stake in its national phone pany to western panies, and so on. The telemunications revolution is unfolding around the world.
Modern life would be unimaginable without telemunication . Telephone, TV and Internet are already household words .New terms like digital munication, smartphone and e-business are entering our life at a rapid pace.
Telemunications have penetrated nearly every aspect of modern life and are fast changing the way we live.There is no exaggeration to say that telemunication bring huge profits and great convenience to our daily life .For instance , the 4G mobile phone makes it possible for people in different places to talk and see one another. Smartphone enable us to surf the Internet and make a phone call regardless of time and place. Compared with ordinary munication, the new generation munication system much faster and at a surprisingly cheap price . Furthermore ,thanks to the rapid growth of telemunication, business corporations can manage business affairs far more efficiently through phone , fax , and Internet.
However , there are disadvantages brought about by telemunications , such as phone bills for unnecessary talks , the disturbance of unwanted or wrong calls.Internet is inevitably invading our privacy to some degree. Yet by and large , Telemunication bring more benefit than harm to our life. Telemunications have changed and will change our ways of life.
作文六:《科技英语作文翻译》600字
生活中新的技术:
众所周知,如今科技的发展给我们的日常生活带来极大的便利,那么到底有哪些便利呢?
手机通信让我们在哪都能和朋友聊天。看书已经不是非得在纸质书上,还能在电子书上。手提式的电脑越做越薄,让我们在户外也能轻松上网。当然这些便利来自于先进的技术。比如超高的屏幕像素让我们体验更清晰的影像。更快的处理器使得我们的手机或电脑用起来更流畅。优秀的音质处理让我们享受音乐的美妙。当然还有更多的先进产品使得我们在生活中能更加享受。
所以最后感谢我们都生活在这个时代。
对本专业的认识:
我大学所学的专业是电子科学与技术,这个专业主要是学习光与电,然后将这两个东西联系起来。
光知识方面就是传统的光学知识,然后进而将光应用在通信方面,例如光纤通信,光纤传感等。那么,电知识方面就是将电路方面的东西设计成生活中能够起到作用的东西,比如收音机,我们将设计成的电路在板子上画出来然后将元器件安装在上面,基本上一个产品就做出来了。
那么最后就是将电与光应用起来,比如光纤传导过程中需要调制,而调制的工具就是电。以上就是我对所学专业的认识。
自己以后的规划:
我所学的专业是电子科学专业,我希望将来能够从事这个专业的工作。
这个专业所对应的工作是电子设计工程师或者光通信研发,那我比较喜欢电子的专业,因为我本身是一名电子爱好者,对于电子设计比较感兴趣。我希望能够到那些知名的电子公司去工作。与我的小伙伴们一起研发电子产品,希望未来能让人们用上我设计的产品。当然一切都需要努力。我距离我的目标还很远。
最后当然希望未来将会更好。
作文七:《科技英语作文》2900字
我们今天处在科技发展日新月异的信息时代,90% 的科技文献是用英语写成.科技英语文献与普通英语文本从语言结构上看都是由语音、词汇和语法构成,但随着其运用的规范性,科技英语在文体风格上的专业性、客观性和精确性越来越突出,已成为一门独立的文体,它非常注重语义逻辑上的连贯性和表达的明晰性.在翻译过程中应结合科技英语的文体特征力求表达科技英语的专业性客观性和精确性.
1 词汇特点及翻译
科技词汇在科技英语中大量使用,主要包括以下几类:
( 1) 纯科技词汇,即那些只用于某个专业或学科的专门词汇和术语,如 diode( 二极管) 、isotope( 同位素) 等.由于此类词义精确而狭窄,了解专门词汇和术语是准确翻译的第一步; ( 2) 常用词汇的专业化.有相当多的专门词汇和术语来自英语的常用词汇,但用到某一专业领域却成了专业技术用语,具有严格的科学含义,如Convert the following denary numbers base 8. ( 把下列各十进制换算成以 8 为基值的数) ,base( 基地)意为基值.新兴科学在传统科学的影响下,尽量利用常用旧词,赋新义于旧词;
( 3) 通用科技词汇,即不同专业经常使用的那些词汇,数量较大,出现的频率也高,但在不同的专业里有较为稳定的词义.如 base 一词,在无线电专业词义为“基极”; 在计算机专业词义为“基值”; 在机械专业词义为“机器的底座”在航天科技领域词义为“发射场”; ( 4) 词汇构成的多元化.新的科技词语层出不穷,大量科技新词以借用、合成法、缩略法和派生词等形式出现.以派生词为例,由前缀 hydro -,hyer-和 inter -构成的词条在科技英语中就有 2000 多条.科技文献翻译需要译者既要精通英语,又要懂得专业知识,由于科技英语词汇的复杂多变,科技英语译者要善于通过词汇的专业语境、词语搭配、句法结构及上下文判定词义.以词语搭配为例,动词与名词的搭配,形容词与名词修饰名词在意义上很不相同,如 an efficient exert 和 an efficiency ex-ert分别意为“一个做事高效的专家”和“一个效率专家”.
2 句法特点及翻译
从句子的形式和结构上看,科技英语的主要特征表现为无灵名词作主语的句子居多,被动语态的.无灵名词作主语和被动语态的广泛应用显示出科技英语的客观性和规范性,科技英语的句法极度注重句子结构形式的完整性和形式逻辑的合理性,所以语法结构复杂的长句较多应用于科技英语,抓住复杂句的核心,也就是辨清主谓,确定句子的基本格局,才能把握全句
2. 1 无灵名词作主语
英语把表示有生命体的名词列为有灵名词( animate nouns) ,把表示无生命体的名词列为无灵名词( inanimate nouns) .科技文体的第 1 个显着特点是无灵名词作主语的句子很多,这主要是因为科技文献所描述和讨论的是科技事实或科学发现,科技文献所报告的主要是自然的规律或科技活动的成果,因而无人称句子使用频繁.有灵名词和无灵名词作主语的句子使用相同谓语时,意义是不一样的,试比较下列句子的意义: Thegrinding machine refused to stop.磨床就是停不下来. ( 无灵名词作主语) They refuse to give u.他们拒绝放弃.
2. 2 被动语态的广泛应用根据英国利兹大学John Swales 的统计,科技英语中的谓语至少三分之一是被动语态.这是因为根据文章侧重叙事推理,强调客观准确.第一、二人称使用过多,会造成主观臆断的印象,因而被动语态就成了追求叙述客观性和规范性的一种重要语言手段.例如: E-lectrical energy can be stored in two metal batteriesseparated by an insulating medium. Such a device iscalled a capacitor,and its ability to store electrical en-ergy is termed capacitance. It is measured in farads.这段短文中各句的主语分别为: Electrical energy;
Such a device; its ability to store electrical energy; It( Capacitance) .它们都包含了较多的信息,并且处于句首的位置,非常醒目.此外,4 个主语完全不同,避免了单调重复,前后连贯,
自然流畅.被动结构确实表达简洁客观的效果.事实上,英语被动语句中常用的 by 在日常英语中多表达行为的执行者,在科技英语中,则常可表达方式、手段或原因状语.
2. 3 使用科技长句的倾向科技英语表达科学原理、规律、概念以及各事物之间错综复杂的关系,而复杂的科学思维往往无法使用简单句来表达,所以语法结构复杂的长句较多应用于科技英语.了解英语长句的“树状”结构,明确主句的主语、谓语和宾语及从句和修饰成分的引导词,分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系,再按照汉语的特点和表达方式,正确地译出原文的意思,不必拘泥于原文的形式.例如: Behaviorists suggest that the child who is
raised in an environment where there are many stimuliwhich develop his or her capacity for appropriate re-sponses will experience greater intellectual development.行为主义者认为,如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素,如果这些因素能培养其适当反应的能力,那么,儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平.本句的主语为“behaviorists”,谓语是动词“suggest”,宾语是一个宾语从句,由连词“that”引导.该宾语从句中,主语部分是“the child...re- sponses”,其中“the child”是主语,其后面跟有 3 个限制性定语从句 : 第 1 个是由关系代词“who”引导; 第 2 个是由关系副词“where”引导; 第 3 个是由关系代词“which”引导.本句翻译的难点在把“which”引导的定语从句译为状语从句,把动词短语“experience greater intellectual development”,译为“智力发展到较高的水平”,更符合汉语表达.英语的句子结构和叙述方式与汉语不同,在阅读英语长句时容易造成思维阻断,遇到长句时以句 法和逻辑为导向,采用抓句子核心的理解方式是切实可行的.科技英语在其演变和发展过程中逐渐形成自身特有的体裁或文体风格,汉英科技英语翻译应忠实原义、逻辑正确、语言通顺,在实践中应遵循深刻理解原义,确切表达合乎科技文章的语言结构特色的译文的原则.科技英语翻译工作者除了要有良好的专业知识外,了解科技英语与普通英语文体的差异,掌握一些科技文章的语言结构特色,对于科技翻译无疑是大有裨益的.
作文八:《英语作文 科技》3900字
Module7 Unit 1 Living with technology
(Reading materials)
21st century is the century of technology. Nowadays, technology is everywhere around us. The development of technology has a significant effect toward the society. Several technologies that we usually use are the Internet, puter, and cellphone. These new technologies make our life much easier and better.
First, the development of puter changes our life. Decades ago, people needed to do lots of plex calculation on hand because they did not have puter, and more obviously, they did not have the software for calculation. As a result of that, people spent hours on the equations that a puter can solve in just a minute. Since the development of puter, people are able to use some kind of software to
pute lots of plex functions and mathematical calculation. Computer bees the most helpful equipment for the scientists because they can use their time more efficiently.
Also, Internet is another useful tool for us today. The development of internet brings a great impact toward the society. Instead of going to library and flipping(快速的翻转) all the books to figure out some information, we can just simply use a mouse and click on the website to do research. The Internet leads us to a place where we can find unlimited information and resources. It makes our life much easier and better. The last technology is cellphone. Nowadays, many people have a cellphone. But it just appears on the market for about 10 years. It is very convenient to the users because we can talk to anyone we want with a phone as small as a wallet. Also, we can municate with others by making a phone call instead of sending letters. It is a very fast and useful way to municate.
In conclusion, I believe the development of technology brings significant impact to our life. It is very helpful to us and I believe technology will keep improving in future.
真 题 回 顾
(2010·安徽高考) 假设你将参加某英语杂志社开展的一次征文活动,征文的内容要求你在电视、手机(cell)和网络三者中,放弃其中一个并陈述理由。请你以“Which would you give up: TV , cell, or web? ”为题,写一篇英语短文。
Which would you give up: TV, cell, or web?
We are now living in an information age, in which TV, cells and the Web are widely used. It seems that many people cannot enjoy themselves without them.
However, if I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell or cut off the Internet. I could do without TV because few shows take my fancy and there’re too many mercials. Besides, most programs on TV are also available elsewhere.
As for cells and the Web, they are more necessary to me. I need a cell to keep in touch with my friends and family, and almost all information can be gathered on the Internet.
【尝试运用】
词汇翻译
信息时代 _________________
放弃
而不是
至于
与……保持联系 _______
没有……也行 ____
关掉
【句式仿写】
看起来你是第一个来这儿的。(seem)
写 作 训 练
按下列要求,写一篇英语短文。
1、科技的进步使我们的生活更加美好。
2、科技的进步也给我们的生活带来了问题。
3、你的看法。
As the society developed, the technology plays a more and more important role . As a fact, high technology helps us a lot .手机和网络的发明使得我们可以通过电话 和网络进行交流①( What's more, thanks to the technology, the cars bee more advanced so that we can drive faster and more fortable.毫无疑问的是我们的 生活被科技所包围着②( .)It really give us a lot of convenience.
But on the other hand, technology also brings some problems. For example, because of the puter,越来越多的人由于沉溺于电脑而无法集中精力学习和工作③( .) In addition, the puters also have radiation that is not good to our health. What's worse, 许多国家使用科技来制造武器而危害世界和平④( .) At last, in my opinion, we can't deny the advantage of the technology, but people should use it in a good way and responsibly in order to make our society more beautiful.
作文九:《科技英语作文》3800字
我今天在科技展日新月异的信息代,们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们90% 的科技文献是用英写成,们 们们科技英文献与普通英文本从言构上看都是由音、和法构成,但随着其运用的范性,科们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们技英在文体格上的性、客性和精确性越来越突出,已成一独立的文体,它非常们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们注重上的性和表达的明晰性,们们们们们们 们们们们们们们们们们们们们们在翻程中合科技英的文体
特征力求表达科技英的性客性和精确性,们们们们们们们们们们们们们
1 们们们特点及翻
科技在科技英中大量使用,主要包括以下几们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们:
( 1) 们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们科技,即那些只用于某个或学科的和,
如 diode( 二极管) 、isotope( 同位素) 等,由于此精确而狭窄,了解 们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们和是准确翻的第一步;
( 2) 常用的化,们们们们 们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们有相当多的和来自英的常用,但用
到某一域却成了技用,具有格的科学含,如们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们Convert the following
denary numbers base 8, ( 把下列各十制算成以们们们们们们 8 们们们们基的数) ,base( 基地)意基们们们 们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们,新科学在科学的影响下,尽量利用常用旧,新于旧;
( 3) 通用科技,即不同常使用的那些,数量大,出的们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们 们 率也高,但在不同的里有定的,如base 一,在无们们们们们们们们“”基极; 在算机们们们们们们“们们”基; 在机械机器的底座在航天科技域射们们们们们“”们们们们“们们们”;( 4) 们们 们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们构成的多元化,新的科技出不,大量科技新以借用、合成法、略法和派生等形式出,们们 们们们们们们们 以派生例,由前hydro
,hyer
和inter
们们们们们们们们们们 构成的条在科技英中就有2000 多条,科技文献翻需要者既要精通英 们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们,又要懂得知,由于科技英的多,科技英者要善于通的境、
们们们们们 们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们搭配、句法构及上下文判定,以搭配例,与名的搭配,
形容与名修名在意上很不相同,如们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们 an efficient exert 和 an efficiency ex-ert 分意一个做事高效的家和一个效率家,们们“们”“们”们
2 句法特点及翻们
从句子的形式和构上看,科技英的主要特征表无灵名作主的句子居多,被们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们的,无灵名作主和被的广泛用示出科技英的客 们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们
性和范性,科技英的句法极度注重句子构形式的完们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们
整性和形式的合理性,所以法构的句多用于科们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们
技英,抓住句的核心,也就是辨清主,确定句子的基本格局,才能把握全句们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们2, 1 无灵名作主们们们们
们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们英把表示有生命体的名列有灵名( animate nouns) ,把表示无生命体的名列无们们们们灵名们( inanimate nouns) ,科技文体的第 1 个着特点是无灵名作主的们们们们们们们们们们们们们句子很多,主要是因科技文献所描述和的是科技事们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们
或科学,科技文献所告的主要是自然的律或科技活们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们
们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们的成果,因而无人称句子使用繁,有灵名和无灵名作主的句
子使用相同,意是不一的,比下列句子的意们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们: Thegrinding machine refused to
stop,磨床就是停不下来, ( 无灵名作主们们们们) They refuse to give u,他拒放弃, 们们们们们们2, 2 被的广泛用们们们们 们们们根据英国利大学John Swales 的,科技英中的至少三分们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们之一是被,是因根据文章重叙事推理,们们们 们们们们们们 们们客准确,第一、二人称使用多强
会造成主臆断的印象,因而被就成了追求叙述客性和范性的一重们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们要言手段,们 例如: E-lectrical energy can be stored in two metal batteriesseparated by an
insulating medium, Such a device iscalled a capacitor,and its ability to store electrical en-ergy
is termed capacitance, It is measured in farads,段短文中各句的主分们们们们们们们们们们们们们: Electrical energy;
Such a device; its ability to store electrical energy; It( Capacitance) ,它都包含了多的信息, 们们们们们们们们们们并且于句首的位置,非常醒们 此目,外,4 个主完全不同,们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们避免了重,前后,自然流们 们们们们们们 们们们们们们们们们们们们们,被构确表达客的效果,事上,英被句中常用的 by 在日常英中多表达们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们行的行者,在科技英中,常可表达方式、手段或原因状们们,
2, 3 使用科技句的们们 们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们科技英表达科学向原理、律、概念以及各事物之的系而的科学们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们思往往无法使用句来表达,所以法构的句多用于科技英, 了解英句的们们“们”们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们状构,明确主句的主、和及从句和修成分
的引们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们,分析几意思之的相互系,再按照的特点和表达方式,正确地出们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们原文的意思,不必拘泥于原文的形式,例如: Behaviorists suggest that the child who is
raised in an environment where there are many stimuliwhich develop his or her capacity for
appropriate re-sponses will experience greater intellectual development,行们们们们们们们主者,如果儿童的成境里有多们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们刺激因素,如果些因素能培其适当反们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们的能力,那,儿童的智力就会展到高的水平本句的主们们“behaviorists”,是们们 们 们“suggest”,是一个从句,由们们们们们们们们们们们们们“that”引们 们们们们们们们“,从句中,主部分是the child,,, re-
sponses”,其中“the child”是主,其们们们们们们们 后面跟有3 个限制性定从句们们们 : 第 1 个是由们们们们“系代who”引们; 第 2 个是由们们们们“系副where”引们; 第 3 个是由们们们们“系代which”引们 们们们们们们“,本句翻的点在把which”引们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们的定从句状从句,把们们“短experience greater intellectual development”,们们“们们”们们智力展到高的,更符水平合表达,英的句子构和叙述们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们方式与不同,在英句
容易造成思阻们们们们们们们们们们们断,遇到句以句
法和们们们们们 们们们们们们们们们们们向科技英在其,采用抓句子核心的理解方式是切可行的,演和展程中逐们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们形成自身特有的体裁或文体格,英科技英翻忠原、正确、言通,在们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们 们们们们践中科技英遵循深刻理解原,确切表达合乎科技文章的言构特色的文的原,翻们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们工作者除了要有良好的知外,了解科技英与普通英文体的们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们们差异,掌握一些科技文章的言构特色们们们们们们们们们们们于科技翻无疑是大有裨益的,
作文十:《科技利弊英语作文》1600字
Is Science Dangerous
The rapid development of science and technology has brought about great changes to human life, including great harms and disasters .Then people enter into endless argument about whether science is dangerous or not.
So many examples can be figured out to prove the danger of science. Advanced technology can be easily manipulated by irresponsible persons as well as terrorist. Such as the Disaster 911, airplanes fly into buildings, fire burning, huge structures collapse, a lot of victims such as intellectual and business elites were sacrificed. Besides, As technology bees more powerful day by day , we'll be placent and lazy. Increased dependency on modern tools like calculators has reduced on our creativity. Students can’ t solve a very simple mathematical equation without using a calculator. This affects the way these students uses their brains and reduces on the level of creativity.
Just like the saying goes that every coin has two sides. However, it ‘ s obvious that we make the decision to choose which side. After 911, people condemn the terrorist not airplays. Student who got low marks should rethink his carelessness and laziness but not pass the buck to the calculator.
Any way, There is no dangerous science, but dangerous and irresponsible people. We are working very hard to solve such problems that e along with advances in science and technology, but the efforts are not sufficient and not very successful. Actually, the key lies in the user. Moralities such as responsibility, diligence and goodness should never be lost in our heart. Otherwise , the world would be full of danger even we turn back to the stone age,.
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