作文一:《高中英语语法大全集》24000字
(1)主语从句
1. 定义:用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。
2. 构成:关联词+简单句
3. 引导主语从句的关联词有三类:
(1) 从属连词that。 如:That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them.
很明显,她们确是亲姐妹,她们的脸型很相似。
(2) 从属连词whether。如:
Whether he’ll e here isn’t clear. 他是否会来这里还不清楚。
(3) 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
连接副词 where, when, how, why。如:
What she did is not yet known. 她干了什么尚不清楚。
How this happened is not clear to anyone. 这事怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。
Whoever es is wele. 不论谁来都欢迎。
Wherever you are is my home ---- my only home. 你所在的任何地方就是我的家----我唯一的家。
解释:
1. 主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有:
A. It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.)+that从句。如:
It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything. 很可能他把一切都告诉她了。
B. It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句。如:
It’s a pity that we can’t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。
It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game. 我们没赢这场比赛真意外。
C. It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句。如:
It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. 据说格林先生已经到了北京。 It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。
D. It+seem, happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如:
It seems that Alice is not ing to the party at all. Alice似乎不来参加晚会。 It happened that I was out that day. 碰巧我那天外出了。
E. It+doesn’t matter (makes no difference, etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如:
It doesn’t matter whether she will e or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。
It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting. 我们在哪里开会毫无区别。 F. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。如: Is it true that the scientist will give us a lecture next week? 下周那位科学家将给我们作报告是真的吗?
Does it matter much that they will not e tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗? G. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。如:
How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪!
2.注意连接代词whoever, whatever, whichever等引导主语从句的含义
Whoever es will be wele. (whoever=the person who) 来的人将受到欢迎。 Whatever he did was right. (whatever=the thing that) 他所做的事情是正确的。
Whichever of you es in will receive a prize. (whichever=anyone of you who) 你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖
(1)表语从句
1. 定义:用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
2. 构成:关联词+简单句
3. 引导表语从句的关联词的种类:
(1) 从属连词that。如:
The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
(2) 从属连词whether, as, as if。如:
He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们是否能帮我们。 注:从属连词if一般不用来引导表语从句,但as if却可引导表语从句,如:
All this was over tty years ago, but it's as if it was only yesterday. 这都是20多年前的事了,但宛如昨天一样。
能跟表语从句的谓语动词一般为系动词be, seem, look等。如:
It looked as if it was going to rain. 看起来天要下雨了。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如:The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。
That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。
解释:
1. 连词because可引导表语从句。如:
I think it is because you are doing too much. 我想这是因为你做得太多。
2. 在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示,should可省略。如:
My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
(4)同位语从句
1. 定义:用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2. 用法:同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等,关联词多用从属连词that。如:
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not e?
你在哪儿听说我不能来?
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注:同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如:
I have no idea whether he’ll e or not. 我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration.
谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.
那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释:
1.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别
that引导的同位语从句
that引导的定语从句
句法功能上
that只起连接从句的作用,无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。
意义上
从句是被修饰名词的内容。
从句起限定作用,是定语
如:The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句,that不可省。)
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。
The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句,that在从句中作told的宾语,可省。)
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。
2.一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如:
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 这就是我们唯一的请求:尽快解决这个问题。
测试:
A. 用适当的连接词填空:
1. It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.
2. I have no idea we can do with these waste materials.
3. the doctor really doubts is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
4. It is hoped nature will never be destroyed.
5. do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?
6. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---- Is that you had a few days off?
7. Word came I was wanted at the office.
8. Do you know of them will be our new headmaster?
9. The teacher didn't tell me we were wrong.
10. It's generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
B. 单项选择:
1. It was true Alice did surprised her mother.
A. that B. what C. that, what D. what, that
2. Does matter much he can't e to the meeting.
A. it, if B. that, if C. it, whether D. this, whether
3. ----What are you anxious about? ---- .
A. How can we succeed B. Whether we can succeed
C. When can we succeed D. That we can succeed
4. The reason the little actress has been such a success is she is both clever and hard-working.
A. why, why B. why, that C. that, because D. for, because
5. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. The person
6. I really don't know ____________ I had this photo taken.
A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was why
7. Dr. Black es from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can't remember .
A. where B. there C. which D. that
8. ----What do you think of China? --- different life is today from it used to be.
A. How, what B. What, what C. How, that D. What, that
9. Give this to you think can do the work well.
A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever
10. troubles me is I can't learn all these English idioms by heart.
A. That, that B. What, what C. That, what D. What, that
答案:
A. 1. that 2. what 3. what, whether 4. that
5. who 6. why 7. that 8. which
9. where 10. whatever
B. 1-5 CABBB 6-10 ACACD
(3)宾语从句
1. 定义:用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
2. 构成:关联词+简单句
3. 引导宾语从句的关联词有三类:
(1) 从属连词that。如:
He told us that he felt ill. 他对我们说他感到不舒服。
I know he has returned. 我知道他已经回来了。
注: that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下,that不能省略。
1. Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.(and连接两个宾语从句,that宾语从句放在and的后面时,that不能省略。)
大家都会看出所发生的事情并知道Tom非常害怕。
2.I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时,that不能省略。)
对他我一无所知,只知道他是南方人。
3.That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe. (that从句位于句首时,that不可省略。)
我简直不相信他曾说过这样的话。
4. We decided, in view of his special circumstances, that we would admit him for a probationary period. (主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语,that不可省略。) 鉴于他的特殊情况,我们决定应允他一段试用期。
(2)从属连词if/whether。如:
I doubt whether he will succeed. 我怀疑他是否会成功。
I don’t know if you can help me. 我不知道你能否帮助我。
(3)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever
连接副词 where, when, how, why。
如:
Who or what he was, Martin never learned.
他是什么人?他是干什么的?马丁根本不知道。
I wonder what he’s writing to me about. 我不知道他要给我写信说什么事。
I’ll tell you why I asked you to e. 我会告诉你我为什么要你来。
You may do what you will. 你可做任何你想做的事。
(1) 介词宾语从句
宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如:
He was deeply displeased by what had occurred that day.
他对那天发生的事感到很不快。
I walked over to where she sat. 我走向她坐的地方。
I am curious as to what he will say. 我很想知道他要说什么。
Your success will largely depend upon what you do and how you do it.
你是否成功将主要取决于你做什么和怎样做。
有时介词可以省略。如:
I don’t care (for) who marries him. 我不管谁跟他结婚。
Be careful (as to) how you do that. 你要注意做这件事的方式。
解释:
1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语,则用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句后置。如: We thought it strange that Xiao Wang did not e yesterday.
我们认为小王昨天没来是奇怪的。
He has made it clear that he will not give in.
他已表明他不会屈服。
2.作介词的宾语:连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,只用在except, but, in后。其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that引导,则需用it先行一步,作形式宾语。如: He is a good student except that he is careless.
他是一个好学生,只是有点粗心。
You may rely on it that I shall help you. 你可以指望我会帮助你的。
介词宾语不可以用which来引导,而要用what来引导。如:
Are you sorry for what you've done?
你为你所做的一切感到内疚吗?
3.某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句,这类形容词或过去分词有sure, glad, certain, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, satisfied等,连词that可省略。如:
I am not sure what I ought to do.
我不能确定我该做什么。
I'm afraid you don't understand what I said.
恐怕你没领会我说的意思。
I'm surprised that I didn't see all that before.
我好奇怪,我以前没看到过。
Mother was very pleased her daughter had passed the exams.
妈妈为她的女儿通过了考试而感到高兴。
4.连词whether (?or not)或if引导的宾语从句
if和whether引导的宾语从句可以互换使用,但whether常和or not连用,if一般不与or not连用。如:
I wonder whether it is true or not. 我不知它是真是假。
用if引导宾语从句如果会引起歧义,应避免使用if而用wheter。试比较:
Please let me know if you want to go.
Please let me know whether you want to go.
if从句可理解为宾语从句,意为“请告诉我你是否想去”;此句又可理解为条件状语从句意为“如果你想去的话,请告诉我一声”。
5.宾语从句的否定转移。在think, believe, suppose, expect等动词后的宾语从句,有时谓语尽管是否定意思,却不用否定形式,而将think等动词变为否定形式。如:
I don’t think you are right. 我认为你错了。
I don’t believe they have finished their work yet. 我相信他们还未完成他们的工作。 I don’t suppose he cares, does he? 我想他不在意,是吗?
6. 宾语从句的时态变化规律:
(1) 当主句是一般现在时态时,从句可根据需要用任何时态。
(2) 当主句是一般过去时态时,从句只能使用过去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。如: The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.
老师说地球绕着太阳运行。
(7)-ing分词的构成
1. -ing分词的构成
-ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化,通常有下表几种形式(以do为例):
主动形式
被动形式
一般式
doing
being done
完成式
having done
having been done
-ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如:
Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.
不知道他的地址,我只好在家里等着。
His not ing made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。
2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式:
-ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作;完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如:
Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生,他对书本很感兴趣。
Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课,他考试不及格。
3. -ing分词的被动式:
-ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间,-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如: The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。
He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter. 他从来没谈起过他被记者采访的事情。
Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后,他把烟戒了。
注意:在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后,作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如:
Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。 This book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一看。
4. -ing分词的语法作用
-ing分词一方面具有动词的性质,另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词,在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。
1)–ing分词(短语)作主语:
Laying eggs is the ant queen''s full-time job. 产卵是蚁后的专职工作。
Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。
在下面两种结构中,-ing分词也作主语。
①为了保持句子平衡,通常用作形式主语,而把真实主语放在句末。如:
It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。
It''s a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。
②在There is no结构中,通常用-ing分词。如:
There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。
There is no holding back the wheel of history. 历史车轮不可阻挡。
2) -ing分词(短语)作表语:
His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是收集邮票。
The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。
3) -ing分词作宾语:
①–ing分词作动词宾语。如:I suggest doing it in a different way. 我建议用另一种方法做这件事。
We enjoy attending Miss Li''s class. 我们喜欢听李老师的课。
②-ing分词作宾语也可用在复合宾语中作真正的宾语,而用it作形式宾语。如:
I don’t think it possible living in such a cold place. 我认为住在这么寒冷的地方是不可能的。
Do you consider it any good trying again? 你觉得再试一次会有好处吗?
③-ing分词作介词宾语,经常用在一些短语的后面。如:
I''m against inviting him to dinner. 我反对邀请他来吃饭。
They don’t feel like walking that much. 他们不喜欢走那么多路。
He t to London in the hope of being a famous painter. 他去了伦敦,希望能成为一个著名的画家。
此类短语还有很多。如:look forward to(渴望,盼望), be proud of(以??自豪), be responsible for(对??负责), insist on(坚持), think of(考虑,想到), dream of(梦想), object to(反对,抗议), hear of(听说), prevent?from(防止,阻止), keep?
from(防止,阻止), stop?from(防止,阻止), be engaged in(从事于), depend on(依*,依赖), thank?for(因??而道谢), excuse?for(因??而道歉), aim at(目的在于), devote?to(献身于), set about(着手做), be/get used to(习惯于), be fond of(喜欢), be afraid of(害怕), be tired of(对??厌烦), succeed in(成功地做??), be interested in(对??感兴趣), be ashamed of(对??感到羞愧)等等。
注意:在有些句子中,介词常可省去。如:
I have no difficulty (in) municating with foreigners. 我在和外国人交谈方面没有什么困难。
He used to spend a lot of time (in) playing games. 过去他常花很多时间玩游戏。 What can prevent us (from) getting married? 有什么能阻止我们结婚?
另外,-ing分词可以和一些介词如in, on, after, against, before, by, for, without, besides等构成短语,在句中作状语。如:
He left ahead of time without saying a word. 他一句话也没说就提前离开了。 Besides cooking and sewing, she had to take care of four children.
除了做饭和缝纫以外,她还要照顾四个孩子。
On hearing the news, all the pupils jumped with joy. 听到这个消息后,所有的学生都高兴得跳了起来。
4) -ing分词作定语:
①单个的分词作定语一般放在被修饰词的前面。如:
reading room 阅览室 swimming pool 游泳池 dining car 餐车
sleeping car 卧车 singing petition 歌咏比赛 waiting room 候车室
a waiting car 一辆等待着的车 a sleeping child一个酣睡的孩子 flying fish 飞鱼 the exciting news令人振奋的消息 a boring speech令人乏味的演出
②-ing分词短语作定语应放在被修饰词的后面,也相当于一个定语从句。如:
Who is the rade standing by the door? 站在门边的同志是谁?
They lived in a house facing south. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
③–ing分词还可以作非限制性定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句,常用逗号和句子其它部分分开。如:
The words, usually dealing with current work, were mostly written by himself. 歌词一般讲当前的工作,大部分是他自己写的。
When she appeared, John, wearing a dirty and worn-out overcoat, ran to her with joy. 当她出现的时候,约翰穿着一件又脏又破的大衣高兴地跑了过去。
5) -ing分词做状语:
-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
①-ing分词短语作时间状语,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时可由连词when, while引出。如: While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书,一边不时地点头。 Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画,他想起了她的童年。 ②-ing分词短语作原因状语,相当于一个原因状语从句。如:
Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. 因为不知道他的地址,我不能把这本书送给他。
Many of us, being so excited, couldn’t go to sleep that night. 因为非常激动,那晚我们许多人都没睡着。
③–ing分词短语作结果状语。如:
His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了,留给他许多钱。
She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 她非常生气,把玩具扔在地上,把它摔成了碎片。
④-ing分词作伴随状语,可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间,表示主语的另一个、较次要的动
作。如:
They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时,观察着天上的星星。
Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.
年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。
⑤-ing分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语,相当于一个状语从句。如:
A person standing at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small. 一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小。
Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况,他们还是要我赔偿损失。
注:-ing分词作状语时,它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。
⑥“with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+-ing分词”结构在句中作状语,表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如:
His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移,他的头发变花白了。 Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 没人注意,他从窗户溜了出去。
6) -ing分词作补语:
①--ing分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等动词后面和一个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语,作宾语补语。如:
I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.
我下车的时候注意到一个男人匆匆忙忙地从银行里跑出来。
Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.
昨晚,店主在商店里抓到一个小孩在偷东西。
②上面这类句子也可变成被动语态,这时,-ing分词可看成是主语补语。如:
We were kept waiting for quite a long time. 让我们等了好长时间。
Jily was never heard singing that song again. 人们再也没有听到吉丽唱这首歌了。
5. -ing分词的复合结构:
-ing分词的复合结构通常由物主代词、人称代词宾格、名词所有格或者名词的普通格+-ing分词构成,在句子开头时必须用物主代词和名词所有格,通常在句中作主语和宾语。如: His ing made us very happy. 他的到来使我们大家都很高。
He was awakened by someone’s knocking at the door. 他被某人的敲门声吵醒了。
1. –ing分词作主语和表语时与不定式的区别:
-ing分词和动词不定式作主语和表语的主要区别在于:在表示比较抽象的一般的多次性行为时多用-ing分词;在表示具体的或一次性的动作,特别是将来的动作时,多用不定式。如: Smoking is forbidden here. (泛指吸烟)这里禁止吸烟。
It’s not good for you to smoke so much. (指你吸烟)吸这么多烟对你的身体不好。 My job is teaching. 我的工作是教书。
My job is to teach you English this term. 我这一学期的工作是教你们英语。
2. 高中阶段能接-ing分词作宾语的常见动词:
mind(介意), suggest(建议), enjoy(欣赏,), admit(承认), appreciate(感激,欣赏), avoid(避免), delay(推迟), dislike(不喜欢,厌恶), escape(逃脱), finish(完成), forgive(宽恕), imagine(想象), keep(保持), miss(错过), practise(训练), resist(抵抗,抵制), risk(冒险), deny(拒绝,否认), consider(考虑)等。
3. 有些动词既能接不定式,又能接-ing分词,含义有所不同。如:
①forget, remember, regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作,而后接-ing分
词作宾语表示分词动作先于谓语动作。如:
Do you remember seeing me before? 你记得以前见过我吗?
Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时要记得锁门。
②动词mean, stop, try, go on等动词后面接分词和接不定式作宾语,意思也有所不同。如: I try not to think about that. 我尽量不去想那件事。
Would you please try doing that again? 请你再试一次好吗?
I mean to change it for another one. 我想换成另外一个。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时。 Having finished the exercises, we t on to learn the new words in the next unit. 做完练习以后,我们继续学习下一单元的单词。
After a short rest, they t on working. 短暂地休息以后,他们又继续工作。 He stopped talking when the bell rang. 铃响的时候,他停止了讲话。
While working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. 工作的时候,他不时地停下来和汤姆谈话。
注意:有时人们把stop后的动词不定式理解为目的状语。
③动词allow, advise, forbid, permit等可直接跟-ing分词作宾语,不可以接动词不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾语补语。如:
Please permit me to say a few words. 请允许我说几句话。
We don’t permit smoking here. 我们这儿不允许吸烟。
④动词need, require, want作“需要”解时,后面接-ing分词或不定式的被动式。如: The room wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 这个房间需要打扫。
These little children require looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully. 这些小孩需要细心地照料。
⑤动词like, hate, prefer等后面,如表示一般性动作,多用-ing分词;如指特定的具体的某次动作,多用不定式。如:
I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim with you. 我喜欢游泳,但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。
I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去学校。
I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里。
⑥动词begin, start后面,如表示有意识地开始做某事,常用-ing分词,否则用不定式更多一些。如:
We began to do that job last year. 我们去年开始做那工作的。
They started talking about the film at once. 他们立刻开始谈论那部电影。
注:下面几种情况多用不定式作宾语:
a. 当start, begin本身用于进行时态时。
When the teacher came into the room, he was starting to write to his parents. 老师走进教室的时候,他正开始写信给他的父母亲。
b. 当start, begin后接表示心理活动的动词时。
Hearing the news, he started to think of a good way to solve the problem. 一听到消息,他就开始考虑一个好办法来解决这个问题。
c. 当句子的主语是无生命的东西时。
We were about to leave when it began to rain. 我们正准备离开,天开始下雨了。
4. -ing分词作表语的两种不同含义:
①-ing分词作表语可以表示主语的内容是什么。如:
Their job is building houses. 他们的工作是盖房子。
The real question is getting to know the needs of the people. 真正的问题是了解人民的需要。
②-ing分词作表语还可以表示主语所具有的特征。如:
This story is very interesting. 这故事很有趣。
The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。
①–ing分词作定语可用来说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能。如:
reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖 fishing pole 鱼杆
flying suit 飞行服 writing table 写字台 listening practice 听力训练
②-ing分词作定语还可以表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。如:
developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家
a growing city = a city that is growing 发展着的城市
an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary 看起来很普通的房子 a touching story = a story that is touching 一个动人的故事
working people= people who are working 劳动人民
6. 不定式和-ing分词作宾语补语的区别:
在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后,既可用-ing分词构成复合宾语,也可用不定式构成复合宾语,两者之间有一定的区别。用-ing分词时,表示动作正在进行;用不定式时,表示动作发生了,即动作的全过程结束了。如:
Do you hear someone knocking at the door? (Someone is knocking at the door.) 有人在敲门你听见了吗?
Do you hear someone knock at the door? (Someone knocked at the door just now.) 你听见有人敲门了吗?
7. 高中阶段常见的带介词to的短语,后接-ing分词或名词。如:
admit to(承认), contribute to(捐助、贡献), get down to(着手做), give way to(让位于),keep to (坚持、遵守), lead to (导致),look forward to(期待), take to(从事), turn to (求助于), stick to(忠于、坚持), point to(指向、表明), see to (注意、处理), be used to (习惯于), devote oneself to (献身于), be equal to (胜任的、等于), be familiar to (为??熟悉).
高中阶段有一些固定的-ing分词短语,如generally speaking(一般来说), judging from?(根据??来判断), considering?(考虑到??), talking of?(谈到??,提到??), supposing?(假如??)等,它们的逻辑主语和句子的主语不一致。这种短语可以被称之为句子的状语,也可当作一个插入语。如:
Judging from his accent, he must e from Canada. 从他的口音看他一定来自加拿大。 Considering how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the concert for free. 考虑到他是多么的穷,我们决定让他免费听音乐会。
(5)同位语从句
1. 定义:用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2. 用法:同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等,关联词多用从属连词that。如:
They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.
对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not e?
你在哪儿听说我不能来?
Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.
德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注:同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如:
I have no idea whether he’ll e or not. 我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration.
谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。
We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.
那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释:
1.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别
that引导的同位语从句
that引导的定语从句
句法功能上
that只起连接从句的作用,无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。
that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。
意义上
从句是被修饰名词的内容。
从句起限定作用,是定语
如:The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句,that不可省。)
李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。
The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句,that在从句中作told的宾语,可省。)
他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。
2.一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中,谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如:
This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 这就是我们唯一的请求:尽快解决这个问题。
测试:
A. 用适当的连接词填空:
1. It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray.
2. I have no idea we can do with these waste materials.
3. the doctor really doubts is my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
4. It is hoped nature will never be destroyed.
5. do you guess will give a talk on English tomorrow?
6. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---- Is that you had a few days off?
7. Word came I was wanted at the office.
8. Do you know of them will be our new headmaster?
9. The teacher didn't tell me we were wrong.
10. It's generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
B. 单项选择:
1. It was true Alice did surprised her mother.
A. that B. what C. that, what D. what, that
2. Does matter much he can't e to the meeting.
A. it, if B. that, if C. it, whether D. this, whether
3. ----What are you anxious about? ---- .
A. How can we succeed B. Whether we can succeed
C. When can we succeed D. That we can succeed
4. The reason the little actress has been such a success is she is both clever and hard-working.
A. why, why B. why, that C. that, because D. for, because
5. leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. The person
6. I really don't know ____________ I had this photo taken.
A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was why
7. Dr. Black es from either Oxford or Cambridge. I can't remember .
A. where B. there C. which D. that
8. ----What do you think of China? --- different life is today from it used to be.
A. How, what B. What, what C. How, that D. What, that
9. Give this to you think can do the work well.
A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever
10. troubles me is I can't learn all these English idioms by heart.
A. That, that B. What, what C. That, what D. What, that
答案:
A. 1. that 2. what 3. what, whether 4. that
5. who 6. why 7. that 8. which
9. where 10. whatever
B. 1-5 CABBB 6-10 ACACD
(6)不定式的构成
1. 不定式的构成
不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成,在某些情况下to也可省略。
不定式一般有时式和语态的变化,通常有下表中的几种形式(以do为例):
主动式
被动式
一般式
to do
to be done
完成式
to have done
to have been done
进行式
to be doing
/
完成进行式
to have been doing
/
1) 不定式的一般式
不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生,或是在它之后发生。如:
They invited us to go there this summer. 他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。
He stood aside for me to pass. 他站到一边让我通过。
2) 不定式的完成式
不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之后发生,它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语,有时也可作主语、定语等。如:
She seemed to have heard about this matter. 她似乎已听说过这件事。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 我很抱歉让你等了这么久。
I meant to have told you about it, but I happened to have an important thing to do. 我本来想告诉你这件事的,但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。
It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country.
对我来说,在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。
3) 不定式的进行式
不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。如:
It’s nice of you to be helping us these days. 你真好,这些天一直帮我们。
He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully. 他假装在认真地听老师讲课。 We didn’t expect you to be waiting for us here. 我们没料到你一直在这儿等我们。
4) 不定式的完成进行式
如果不定式表示的动作是谓语所表示时间之前一直进行的动作,就需要用完成进行式。如: They are said to have been working in Tibet for 20 years. 据说他们已经在西藏工作20年了。
We are happy to have been helping each other these days. 我们很高兴这些天能互相帮助。
5) 动词不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式构成。如:
Try not to be late again next time. 尽量下次不要再迟到。
He wished us never to meet her again. 他希望我们永远不要再见到她。
6) 疑问词+动词不定式:
不定式和疑问词whether, what, which, whom, where, when, how, why等连用可以在句中起名词的作用,通常跟在tell, know, show, decide, learn, wonder, explain, advise, teach, discuss, find out等动词后面作宾语,有时也可以充当主语、表语等。如:
On hearing the news, he didn't know whether to laugh or to cry.
听到这个消息,他不知道该哭还是该笑。
When to hold the meeting has not decided. 什么时候开会还没有决定。
The most important problem is how to get so much money.
最重要的事情是如何搞到这么多钱。
介词后一般不直接接不定式,但可以接疑问词+不定式短语作宾语。如:
Mary gave some advice on how to learn English. 玛丽提了一些如何学习英语的建议。
I have no idea of how to do it. 我不知道该怎么做。
作文二:《高中篮球教案大全集》1300字
高中篮球教案大全集
篇一:高中篮球公开课教案
辽宁省鞍山市第六中学《体育与健康》 课时计划
任课班级:高三3班 人数:地点:篮球场 单元课次: 任课教师:张 硕 时间:40分钟
篇二:中学篮球教学教案全集
课的内容 1、篮球运动基本知识
2、篮球运动的基本概述
课的目的与任务
1、讲解篮球课程的要求和整体安排及上本课程的注意事项及要求。 2、基本掌握篮球运动的特点、起源 3、基本掌握篮球运动的作用、发展趋势
课次2
上课系别 班级 上课时间上课教师 课的内容 1、熟悉球性、控制球练习
2、学习移动技术(起动、变速跑、变向跑、侧身跑) 3、学习原地运球技术(高运球、低运球) 4、学习原地单手肩上投篮技术
课的目的与任务
1、初步掌握熟悉球性、控制球练习方法 2、基本掌握移动技术的动作方法
3、基本掌握原地高、低运球的动作方法
4、初步掌握原地单手肩上投篮的动作方法
篇三:高中体育教案全集
体育与健康课教学设计
班级:高一(4) 人数:48人地点:体育馆 时间:2006-11-9 教师:柯叶鹏 指导老师:季湘民
一、指导思想:
根据《体育与健康》课程标准水平的目标,以人为本,树立“健康第一”的指导思想,激发学生学习的兴趣和练习的欲望,充分调动学生的积极性和主动性,发挥其主体作用,让学生在这样的氛围中,掌握体育的基本知识、技能和锻炼方法,全面发展学生的身体素质,培养学生团队意识和集体关念。
二、教学目标:
1)认知目标:通过学习,能够激发学生对体育活动的兴趣和爱好,培养学生参与体育锻炼的觉性和主动性。
2)技能目标:通过学习,同学们基本上能顺利完成跑位和掌握行进间四角传球的技术,少数的同学能较好完成传接球的动作。
3)情感目标:同学之间建立和谐的人际关系,培养良好的团结协作的精神,让学生学会在失败中吸取经验和教训,再进一步的获得成功,以此来增强他们进取心和自信心。 三、学情分析:
高中的学生正处在具有很高的求知欲望的阶段,篮球运动对他们来说具有很浓的兴趣,他们渴望了解与掌握一定的运动技能,
但是还处在一个很初级的阶段。四角传球对于他们来说我相信是有一定难度的,无论对于我还是对于学生来讲都是一个很大的挑战,希望通过这样一个内容的学习能够激发学生学习的强烈欲望和热情,在老师和学生双方的互教互学之下,能够更好加强学生之间的人际交流和交往能力。
四、教学策略:
现学生在教学中的主体地位,这也是我们在教学过程中往往容易忽略的问题。所以我们通过让学生看老师画板的讲解,动作的示范和讲解,观察动作使之有一个比较直观的了解,并通过尝试练习,使学生发现自己的不足之处,再通过老师的质疑、启发、引导使学生不断的吸取经验和教训。接下来让学生再次尝试并且通过增加难度使学生不断改进技术动作,加强理解来提高学生练习过程中的成功率,促使学生身体的全面发展。最后通过《感恩的心》的歌曲片段以手语的形式让学生在放松、愉悦的音乐心境下放松心情结束本课。
高中体育与健康课时教学计划
作文三:《小学英语公式大全集》14400字
篇一:小学数学公式大全
小学数学公式大全
1、长方形的周长=(长+宽)×2 C=(a+b)×2 2、正方形的周长=边长×4 C=4a 3、长方形的面积=长×宽 S=ab
4、正方形的面积=边长×边长 S=a.a= a 5、三角形的面积=底×高?2 S=ah?2 6、平行四边形的面积=底×高 S=ah
7、梯形的面积=(上底+下底)×高?2 S=(a,b)h?2 8、直径=半径×2 d=2r 半径=直径?2 r= d?2
9、圆的周长=圆周率×直径=圆周率×半径×2 c=πd =2πr
10、圆的面积=圆周率×半径×半径 ?s=πr
2
11、长方体的表面积=(长×宽+长×高,宽×高)×2 12、长方体的体积 =长×宽×高 V =abh 13、正方体的表面积=棱长×棱长×6 S =6a
14、正方体的体积=棱长×棱长×棱长 V=a.a.a= a 15、圆柱的侧面积=底面圆的周长×高 S=ch 16、圆柱的表面积=上下底面面积+侧面积
S=2πr2 +2πrh=2π(d?2)2
1
+2π(d?2)h=2π(C?2?π)2
+Ch 17、圆柱的体积=底面积×高 V=Sh
V=πr2 h=π(d?2)2 h=π(C?2?π)2
h 18、圆锥的体积=底面积×高?3
V=Sh?3=πr2 h?3=π(d?2)2 h?3=π(C?2?π)2
h?3 19、长方体(正方体、圆柱体)的体积=底面积×高 V=Sh 1、 每份数×份数,总数 总数?每份数,份数 总数?份数,每份数
2、 1倍数×倍数,几倍数 几倍数?1倍数,倍数 几倍数?倍数,1倍数 3、 速度×时间,路程 路程?速度,时间 路程?时间,速度 4、 单价×数量,总价 总价?单价,数量 总价?数量,单价
5、 工作效率×工作时间,工作总量 工作总量?工作效率,工作时间 工作总量?工作时间,工作效率 6、 加数,加数,和 和,一个加数,另一个加数 7、 被减数,减数,差 被减数,差,减数 差,减数,被减数
8、 因数×因数,积 积?一个因数,另一个因数 9、 被除数?除数,商 被除数?商,除数 商×除数,被除数
总数?总份数,平均数
和差问题
(和,差)?2,大数 (和,差)?2,小数 和倍问题
和?(倍数,1),小数 小数×倍数,大数
2
(或者 和,小数,大数) 差倍问题
差?(倍数,1),小数 小数×倍数,大数 (或 小数,差,大数) 植树问题
1 非封闭线路上的植树问题主要可分为以下三种情形: ?如果在非封闭线路的两端都要植树,那么: 株数,段数,1,全长?株距,1 全长,株距×(株数,1) 株距,全长?(株数,1)
?如果在非封闭线路的一端要植树,另一端不要植树,那么:
株数,段数,全长?株距 全长,株距×株数 株距,全长?株数
?如果在非封闭线路的两端都不要植树,那么: 株数,段数,1,全长?株距,1 全长,株距×(株数,1) 株距,全长?(株数,1)
2 封闭线路上的植树问题的数量关系如下 株数,段数,全长?株距 全长,株距×株数 株距,全长?株数
相遇问题
相遇路程,速度和×相遇时间 相遇时间,相遇路程?速度和 速度和,相遇路程?相遇时间
利润与折扣问题 利润,售出价,成本
利润率,利润?成本×100%,(售出价?成本,1)×100% 涨跌金额,本金×涨跌百分比
折扣,实际售价?原售价×100%(折扣,1) 利息,本金×
3
利率×时间
税后利息,本金×利率×时间×(1,20%)
积=底面积×高 V=Sh
第一部分: 概念
1、加法交换律:两数相加交换加数的位置,和不变。 2、加法结合律:三个数相加,先把前两个数相加,或先把后两个数相加,再同第三个数相加,和不变。
3、乘法交换律:两数相乘,交换因数的位置,积不变。
4、乘法结合律:三个数相乘,先把前两个数相乘,或先把后两个数相乘,再和第三个数相乘,它们的积不变。
5、乘法分配律:两个数的和同一个数相乘,可以把两个加数分别同这个数相乘,再把两个积相加,结果不变。
如:(2+4)×5,2×5+4×5
6、除法的性质:在除法里,被除数和除数同时扩大(或缩小)相同的倍数,商不变。 O除以任何不是O的数都得O。
简便乘法:被乘数、乘数末尾有O的乘法,可以先把O前面的相乘,零不参加运算,有几个零都落下,添在积的末尾。
7、什么叫等式,等号左边的数值与等号右边的数值相等的式子叫做等式。
等式的基本性质:等式两边同时乘以(或除以)一个相同
4
的数,等式仍然成
立。
8、什么叫方程式,答:含有未知数的等式叫方程式。 9、 什么叫一元一次方程式,答:含有一个未知数,并且未知数的次数是一次的等式叫做一元一次方程式。
学会一元一次方程式的例法及计算。即例出代有χ的算式并计算。
10、分数:把单位“1”平均分成若干份,表示这样的一份或几分的数,叫做分数。
11、分数的加减法则:同分母的分数相加减,只把分子相加减,分母不变。异分母的分数相加减,先通分,然后再加减。
12、分数大小的比较:同分母的分数相比较,分子大的大,分子小的小。
异分母的分数相比较,先通分然后再比较;若分子相同,分母大的反而小。
13、分数乘整数,用分数的分子和整数相乘的积作分子,分母不变。
14、分数乘分数,用分子相乘的积作分子,分母相乘的积作为分母。
15、分数除以整数(0除外),等于分数乘以这个整数的倒数。 16、真分数:分子比分母小的分数叫做真分数。 17、
5
假分数:分子比分母大或者分子和分母相等的分数叫做假分数。假分数大于或等于1。
18、带分数:把假分数写成整数和真分数的形式,叫做带分数。
19、分数的基本性质:分数的分子和分母同时乘以或除以同一个数
(0除外),分数的大小不变。
20、一个数除以分数,等于这个数乘以分数的倒数。 21、甲数除以乙数(0除外),等于甲数乘以乙数的倒数。
分数的加、减法则:同分母的分数相加减,只把分子相加减,分母不变。异分母的分数相加减,先通分,然后再加减。
分数的乘法则:用分子的积做分子,用分母的积做分母。
22、什么叫比:两个数相除就叫做两个数的比。如:2?5或3:6或1/3
比的前项和后项同时乘以或除以一个相同的数(0除外),比值不变。
23、什么叫比例:表示两个比相等的式子叫做比例。如3:6,9:18
24、比例的基本性质:在比例里,两外项之积等于两内项之积。
25、解比例:求比例中的未知项,叫做解比例。如3:χ,9:18
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26、正比例:两种相关联的量,一种量变化,另一种量也随着化,如果这两种量中相对应的的比值(也就是商k)一定,这两种量就叫做成正比例的量,它们的关系就叫做正比例关系。如:y/x=k( k一定)或kx=y
27、反比例:两种相关联的量,一种量变化,另一种量也随着变化,如果这两种量中相对应的两个数的积一定,这两种量就叫做成反比例的量,它们的关系就叫做反比例关系。
如:x×y = k( k一定)或k / x = y
28、百分数:表示一个数是另一个数的百分之几的数,叫做百分数。百分数也叫做百分率或百分比。
29、把小数化成百分数,只要把小数点向右移动两位,同时在后面添上百分号。其实,把小数化成百分数,只要把这个小数乘以100,就行了。
30、把百分数化成小数,只要把百分号去掉,同时把小数点向左移动两位。
31、把分数化成百分数,通常先把分数化成小数(除不尽时,通常保留三位小数),再把小数化成百分数。其
实,把分数化成百分数,要先把分数化成小数后,再乘以44、质数(素数):一个数,如果只有1和它本身100,就行了。 两个约数,这样的数叫做质数(或素数)。
32、把百分数化成分数,先把百分数改写成分数,45、合数:一个数,如果除了1和它本身还有别的能约分的要约成
7
最简分数。 约数,这样的数叫做合数。1不是质数,也不是合数。
33、要学会把小数化成分数和把分数化成小数的化46、利息,本金×利率×时间(时间一般以年或月发。 为单位,应与利率的单位相对应)
34、最大公因数:几个数都能被同一个数一次性整47、利率:利息与本金的比值叫做利率。一年的利除,这个数就叫做这几个数的最大公因数。(或几个数公息与本金的比值叫做年利率。一月的利息与本金的比值叫有的因数,叫做这几个数的公因数。其中最大的一个,叫做月利率。 做最大公因数。) 48、自然数:用来表示物体个数的整数,叫做自然
35、互质数:公约数只有1的两个数,叫做互质数。0也是自然数。 数。 49、循环小数:一个小数,从小数部分的某一位起,
36、最小公倍数:几个数公有的倍数,叫做这几个一个数字或几个数字依次不断的重复出现,这样的小数叫数的公倍数,其中最小的一个叫做这几个数的最小公倍做循环小数。如3. 141414 数。 50、不循环小数:一个小数,从小数部分起,没有
37、通分:把异分母分数的分别化成和原来分数相一个数字或几个数字依次不断的重复出现,这样的小数叫等的同分母的分数,叫做通分。(通分用最小公倍数) 做不循环小数。
8
如圆周率:3. 141592654
38、约分:把一个分数化成同它相等,但分子、分51、无限不循环小数:一个小数,从小数部分起到母都比较小的分数,叫做约分。(约分用最大公约数) 无限位数,没有一个数字或几个数字依次不断的重复出
39、最简分数:分子、分母是互质数的分数,叫做现,这样的小数叫做无限不循环小数。如3. 最简分数。 141592654??
40、分数计算到最后,得数必须化成最简分数。 52、什么叫代数? 代数就是用字母代替数。 41、个位上是0、2、4、6、8的数,都能被2整除,53、什么叫代数式?用字母表示的式子叫做代数式。即能用2进行42、约分。个位上是0或者5的数,都能如:3x =ab+c 被5整除,即能用5进行约分。在约分时应注意利用。
43、偶数和奇数:能被2整除的数叫做偶数。不能被2整除的数叫做奇数。 人民币单位换算 面积,体积换算 1元=10角 (1)1公里,1千米1千米,1000米1米,10分米11角=10分 分米,10厘米1厘米,10毫米 1元=100分 (2)1平方米,100平方分米1平方分米,100平方厘米1时间单位换算: 平方厘米,100平方毫米 1世纪=100年 1年=12月 (3)1立方米,1000立方分米1立方分米,1000立方厘大月(31天)有:1\3\5\7\8\10\12月 米1立方厘米,1000立方毫米 小月(30天)的有:4\6\9\11月 (4)1公顷,10000平方米1亩,
9
666.666平方米 平年2月28天, 闰年2月29天 (5)1升,1立方分米,1000毫升 1毫升,1立方厘米 平年全年365天, 闰年全年366天
重量换算: 1日=24小时 1时=60分 1吨=1000 千克 1分=60秒 1时=3600秒 1千克=1000克 1世纪=100年 1年=12月 1千克=1公斤
20(一个数除以分数,等于这个数乘以分数的倒数。 21(甲数除以乙数(0除外),等于甲数乘以乙数的 倒数。 第三部分:几何体 第二部分:定义定理 1.正方形
一、算术方面 正方形的周长=边长×4公式:C=4a
1(加法交换律:两数相加交换加数的位置,和不变。 正方形的面积,边长×边长 公式:S=a×a 2(加法结合律:三个数相加,先把前两个数相加,或先正方体的体积,边长×边长×边长 公式:V=a×a×a 把后两个数相加,再同第 2.正方形
三个数相加,和不变。 长方形的周长=(长+宽)×2 公式:C=(a+b)×2 3(乘法交换律:两数相乘,交换因数的位置,积不变。 长方形的面积=长×宽公式:S=a×b
4(乘法结合律:三个数相乘,先把前两个数相乘,或先长方体的体积,长×宽×高 公式:V=a×b×h 把后两个数相乘,再和第三个数相乘,它们的积不变。 3.三角形
5(乘法分配律:两个数的和同一个数相乘,可以把两个
10
三角形的面积,底×高?2。 公式:S= 加数分别同这个数相乘,再把两个积相加,结果不变。如:(2+4)a×h?2 ×5,2×5+4×5。 4.平行四边形
6(除法的性质:在除法里,被除数和除数同时扩大(或平行四边形的面积,底×高 公式:S= a×h 缩小)相同的倍数,商不变。0除以任何不是0的数都得0。 5.梯形
7(等式:等号左边的数值与等号右边的数值相等的式子梯形的面积,(上底+下底)×高?2 公式:S=(a+b)h?2 叫做等式。 6.圆 等式的基本性质:等式两边同时乘以(或除以)一个相同的数,直径=半径×2 公式:d=2r 等式仍然成立。 半径=直径?2 公式:r= d?2
8(方程式:含有未知数的等式叫方程式。 圆的周长=圆周率×直径 公式:c=πd =2πr 9(一元一次方程式:含有一个未知数,并且未知数的次 圆的面积,半径×半径×π 公式:S,πrr 数是一次的等式叫做一元一次方程式。 7.圆柱
学会一元一次方程式的例法及计算。即例出代有χ的算圆柱的侧面积=底面的周长×高。 公式:S=ch=πdh,式并计算。 2πrh
10(分数:把单位“1”平均分成若干份,表示这样的一圆柱的表面积=底面的周长×高+两头的圆的面积。 公份或几分的数,叫做分数。 式:S=ch+2s=ch+2πr2
11(分数的加减法则:同分母的分数相加减,只把分子圆
11
柱的总体积=底面积×高。 公式:V=Sh 相加减,分母不变。异分母的分数相加减,先通分,然后再加8.圆锥 减。 圆锥的总体积,底面积×高×1/3 公式:V=1/3Sh
12(分数大小的比较:同分母的分数相比较,分子大的三角形内角和,180度。 大,分子小的小。 平行线:同一平面内不相交的两条直线叫做平行线 异分母的分数相比较,先通分然后再比较;若分子相同,分母垂直:两条直线相交成直角,像这样的两条直线, 大的反而小。 我们就说这两条直线互相垂直,其中一条直线叫做另一条
13(分数乘整数,用分数的分子和整数相乘的积作分子,直线的垂线,这两条直线的交点叫做垂足。 分母不变。 第四部分:计算公式
14(分数乘分数,用分子相乘的积作分子,分母相乘的数量关系式: 积作为分母。 1、 每份数×份数,总数 总数?每份数,份
15(分数除以整数(0除外),等于分数乘以这个整数的数总数?份数,每份数 倒数。 2、 1倍数×倍数,几倍数 几倍数?1倍数,倍数 几
16(真分数:分子比分母小的分数叫做真分数。 倍数?倍数,1倍数
17(假分数:分子比分母大或者分子和分母相等的分数3、 速度×时间,路程 路程?速度,时叫做假分数。假分数大于
12
或等于1。 间路程?时间,速度
18(带分数:把假分数写成整数和真分数的形式,叫做4、 单价×数量,总价 总价?单价,数带分数。 量 总价?数量,单价
19(分数的基本性质:分数的分子和分母同时乘以或除5、 工作效率×工作时间,工作总量工作总量?工以同一个数(0除外),分数的大小不变。 作效率,工作时间 工作总量?工作时间,工作效率
6、 加数,加数,和 和,一个加数,另一个加数 追及问题
7、 被减数,减数,差 被减数,差,减数差,减追及距离,速度差×追及时间 数,被减数 追及时间,追及距离?速度差 8、 因数×因数,积 积?一个因数,另一个因数 速度差,追及距离?追及时间 9、 被除数?除数,商被除数?商,除数商×除流水问题 数,被除数 顺流速度,静水速度,水流速度
逆流速度,静水速度,水流速度
***************************************************
**静水速度,(顺流速度,逆流速度)?2 * 水流速度,(顺流速度,逆流速度)?2 和差问题的公式 浓度问题: (和,差)?2,大数 溶质的重量,溶剂的重量,溶液的重量 (和,差)?2
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,小数 溶质的重量?溶液的重量×100%,浓度 和倍问题 溶液的重量×浓度,溶质的重量 和?(倍数,1),小数 溶质的重量?浓度,溶液的重量 小数×倍数,大数 利润与折扣问题: (或者 和,小数,大数) 利润,售出价,成本 差倍问题 利润率,利润?成本×100%,(售出价?成本,1)×100% 差?(倍数,1),小数 涨跌金额,本金×涨跌百分比 小数×倍数,大数 折扣,实际售价?原售价×100%(折扣,1) (或 小数,差,大数) 利息,本金×利率×时间
***************************************************
**税后利息,本金×利率×时间×(1,20%) * 面积,体积换算 植树问题: (1)1公里,1千米1千米,1000米1米,10分1 非封闭线路上的植树问题主要可分为以下三种情形: 米1分米,10厘米1厘米,10毫米 ?如果在非封闭线路的两端都要植树,那么: (2)1平方米,100平方分米1平方分米,100平方厘株数,段数,1,全长?株距,1 米1平方厘米,100平方毫米 全长,株距×(株数,1) (3)1立方米,1000立方分米1立方分米,1000立方厘株距,全长?(株数,1) 米1立方厘米,1000立方毫米
?如果在非封闭线路的一端要植树,另一端不要植树,那么: (4)1公顷,10000平方米1亩,666.666平方米 株数,段数,全长?株距 (5)1升,1立方分米,1000毫升 1毫升,1立
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方厘米 全长,株距×株数 重量换算: 株距,全长?株数 1吨=1000 千克 ?如果在非封闭线路的两端都不要植树,那么: 1千克=1000克 株数,段数,1,全长?株距,1 1千克=1公斤 全长,株距×(株数,1) 人民币单位换算 株距,全长?(株数,1) 1元=10角 2 封闭线路上的植树问题的数量关系如下 1角=10分 株数,段数,全长?株距 1元=100分 全长,株距×株数 时间单位换算: 株距,全长?株数 1世纪=100年 1年=12月
盈亏问题 大月(31天)有:1\3\5\7\8\10\12月 (盈,亏)?两次分配量之差,参加分配的份数 小月(30天)的有:4\6\9\11月 (大盈,小盈)?两次分配量之差,参加分配的份数 平年2月28天, 闰年2月29天 (大亏,小亏)?两次分配量之差,参加分配的份数 平年全年365天, 闰年全年366天
相遇问题 1日=24小时 1时=60分 相遇路程,速度和×相遇时间 1分=60秒 1时=3600秒
相遇时间,相遇路程?速度和
速度和,相遇路程?相遇时间
篇二:小学1—6年级古诗、数学公式,英语语法顺口溜
小学1—6年级古诗、数学公式,英语语法顺口溜
数学公式
第一部分: 概念
1、加法交换律:两数相加交换加数的位置,和不变。
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2、加法结合律:三个数相加,先把前两个数相加,或先把后两个数相加,再同第三个数相加,和不变。
3、乘法交换律:两数相乘,交换因数的位置,积不变。
4、乘法结合律:三个数相乘,先把前两个数相乘,或先把后两个数相乘,再和第三个数相乘,它们的积不变。
5、乘法分配律:两个数的和同一个数相乘,可以把两个加数分别同这个数相乘,再把两个积相加,结果不变。
如:(2+4)×5,2×5+4×5
6、除法的性质:在除法里,被除数和除数同时扩大(或缩小)相同的倍数,商不变。 O除以任何不是O的数都得O。
简便乘法:被乘数、乘数末尾有O的乘法,可以先把O前面的相乘,零不参加运算,有几个零都落下,添在积的末尾。
7、什么叫等式,等号左边的数值与等号右边的数值相等的式子叫做等式。
等式的基本性质:等式两边同时乘以(或除以)一个相同的数,等式仍然成立。
8、什么叫方程式,答:含有未知数的等式叫方程式。
9、 什么叫一元一次方程式,答:含有一个未知数,并且未知数的次 数是一次的等式叫做一元一次方程式。 学会一元一次方程式的例法及计算。即例出带有χ的算式并计算。
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10、分数:把单位“1”平均分成若干份,表示这样的一份或几分的数,叫做分数。
11、分数的加减法则:同分母的分数相加减,只把分子相加减,分母不变。异分母的分数相加减,先通分,然后再加减。
12、分数大小的比较:同分母的分数相比较,分子大的大,分子小的小。
异分母的分数相比较,先通分然后再比较;若分子相同,分母大的反而小。
13、分数乘整数,用分数的分子和整数相乘的积作分子,分母不变。
14、分数乘分数,用分子相乘的积作分子,分母相乘的积作为分母。
15、分数除以整数(0除外),等于分数乘以这个整数的倒数。
17、假分数:分子比分母大或者分子和分母相等的分数叫做假分数。假分数大于或等于1。
18、带分数:把假分数写成整数和真分数的形式,叫做带分数。
19、分数的基本性质:分数的分子和分母同时乘以或除以同一个数0除外),分数的大小不变。
20、一个数除以分数,等于这个数乘以分数的倒数。
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21、甲数除以乙数(0除外),等于甲数乘以乙数的倒数。
分数的加、减法则:同分母的分数相加减,只把分子相加减,分母不变。异分母的分数相加减,先通分,然后再加减。
分数的乘法则:用分子的积做分子,用分母的积做分母。
22、什么叫比:两个数相除就叫做两个数的比。如:2?5或3:6或1/3
比的前项和后项同时乘以或除以一个相同的数(0除外),比值不变。
23、什么叫比例:表示两个比相等的式子叫做比例。如3:6,9:18
24、比例的基本性质:在比例里,两外项之积等于两内项之积。
25、解比例:求比例中的未知项,叫做解比例。如3:χ,9:18
26、正比例:两种相关联的量,一种量变化,另一种量也随着化,如果这两种量中相对应的的比值(也就是商k)一定,这两种量就叫做成正比例的量,它们的关系就叫做正比例关系。如:y/x=k( k一定)或kx=y
27、反比例:两种相关联的量,一种量变化,另一种量也随着变化,如果这两种量中相对应的两个数的积一定,这两种量就叫做成反比例的量,它们的关系就叫做反比例关系。 如:x×y = k( k一定)或k / x = y
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28、百分数:表示一个数是另一个数的百分之几的数,叫做百分数。百分数也叫做百分率或百分比。
29、把小数化成百分数,只要把小数点向右移动两位,同时在后面添上百分号。其实,把小数化成百分数,只要把这个小数乘以100,就行了。
30、把百分数化成小数,只要把百分号去掉,同时把小数点向左移动两位。
31、把分数化成百分数,通常先把分数化成小数(除不尽时,通常保留三位小数),再把小数化成百分数。其实,把分数化成百分数,要先把分数化成小数后,再乘以100,就行了。
32、把百分数化成分数,先把百分数改写成分数,能约分的要约成最简分数。
33、要学会把小数化成分数和把分数化成小数的化法。
34、最大公约数:几个数都能被同一个数一次性整除,这个数就叫做这几个数的最大公约数。
35、互质数: 公约数只有1的两个数,叫做互质数。
36、最小公倍数:几个数公有的倍数,叫做这几个数的公倍数,其中最小的一个叫做这几个数的最小公倍数。
37、通分:把异分母分数的分别化成和原来分数相等的同分母的分数,叫做通分。(通分用最小公倍数)
38、约分:把一个分数化成同它相等,但分子、分母都比
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较小的分数,叫做约分。(约分用最大公约数)
39、最简分数:分子、分母是互质数的分数,叫做最简分数。
40、分数计算到最后,得数必须化成最简分数。
41、个位上是0、2、4、6、8的数,都能被2整除,即能用2进行约分。个位上是0或者5的数,都能被5整除,即能用5进行约分。在约分时应注意利用。
42、偶数和奇数:能被2整除的数叫做偶数。不能被2整除的数叫做奇数。
43、质数(素数):一个数,如果只有1和它本身两个约数,这样的数叫做质数(或素数)。
44、合数:一个数,如果除了1和它本身还有别的约数,这样的数叫做合数。1不是质数,也不是合数。
46、利息,本金×利率×时间(时间一般以年或月为单位,应与利率的单位相对应)
47、利率:利息与本金的比值叫做利率。一年的利息与本金的比值叫做年利率。一月的利息与本金的比值叫做月利率。
48、自然数:用来表示物体个数的整数,叫做自然数。0也是自然数。
49、循环小数:一个小数,从小数部分的某一位起,一个数字或几个数字依次不断的重复出现,这样的小数叫做循环
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小数。如3. 141414
50、不循环小数:一个小数,从小数部分起,没有一个数字或几个数字依次不断的重复出现,这样的小数叫做不循环小数。如圆周率:3. 141592654
51、无限不循环小数:一个小数,从小数部分起到无限位数,没有一个数字或几个数字依次不断的重复出现,这样的小数叫做无限不循环小数。如3. 141592654??
52、什么叫代数? 代数就是用字母代替数。
53、什么叫代数式?用字母表示的式子叫做代数式。如:3x =ab+c
第二部分:定义定理
数学公式
数量关系式:
1 每份数×份数,总数
总数?每份数,份数
总数?份数,每份数
总数?总份数,平均数
2 1倍数×倍数,几倍数
几倍数?1倍数,倍数
几倍数?倍数,1倍数
3 速度×时间,路程
路程?速度,时间
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路程?时间,速度
4 单价×数量,总价
总价?单价,数量
总价?数量,单价
5 工作效率×工作时间,工作总量
工作总量?工作效率,工作时间
工作总量?工作时间,工作效率
6 加数,加数,和
和,一个加数,另一个加数
7 被减数,减数,差
被减数,差,减数
差,减数,被减数
8 因数×因数,积
积?一个因数,另一个因数
9 被除数?除数,商
被除数?商,除数
商×除数,被除数
植树问题
1 非封闭线路上的植树问题主要可分为以下三种情形:
?如果在非封闭线路的两端都要植树,那么:
株数,段数,1,全长?株距,1
全长,株距×(株数,1)
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株距,全长?(株数,1)
?如果在非封闭线路的一端要植树,另一端不要植树,那么:
株数,段数,全长?株距
全长,株距×株数
株距,全长?株数
?如果在非封闭线路的两端都不要植树,那么:
株数,段数,1,全长?株距,1
全长,株距×(株数,1)
株距,全长?(株数,1)
2 封闭线路上的植树问题的数量关系如下
株数,段数,全长?株距
全长,株距×株数
株距,全长?株数
盈亏问题
(盈,亏)?两次分配量之差,参加分配的份数
(大盈,小盈)?两次分配量之差,参加分配的份数 (大亏
,小亏)?两次分配量之差,参加分配的份数
相遇问题
相遇路程,速度和×相遇时间
相遇时间,相遇路程?速度和
速度和,相遇路程?相遇时间
篇三:小学五年级英语基础知识大全
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3-18岁纯英式素质教育领航者:纯英式资深外教,纯英式国际领先教材,纯英式学习环境~
优尼全能英语:小学五年级英语基础知识大全
1. 字母:(大小)辨认、书写顺序;元音字母:Aa , Ee, Ii,
Oo, Uu
2. 数字:1~999的基数词和序数词的运用,如计算、购物、时间、日期等。
句型:
?What’s your number?
?What’s the time?
?How many pens are there?
?How old are you?
?How much is it?
?How tall are you?
?How heavy are you,
?What time do you get up?
?When’s your birthday?
?What time did you see him?
3. 颜色:单词:red, pink, yellow, brown, blue, purple,
orange, black, white, green. 句型:
?What colour is it?
?What’s your favourite colour?
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4. 时间:年、季节、月、星期、日、时刻: Season (spring, summer, autumn, winter) Month: January, February, March,
April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. Week: Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday.
Day: 1st May (the first of May), May 2nd (May the second)
句型:见话题2。
5. 食品与饮料:人对食品与饮料的喜好;东西方食品。
句型:
?I like biscuits.
?I’d like a cold drink.
?Would you like some buns?
?Do you want some rice?
?This isn’t my food.
6. 服装:服装的颜色;人对服装的喜好;某人的穿戴;所
属关系;位置等。
句型:
?I like the green T-shirt.
?Where’s my new cap?
?Who’s shirt is this?
?Is this your hat?
7. 物品:名词的单、复数;特点、颜色、所属关系;
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存在的位置:in, on, under, beside, behind, in front of, above, near, inside, outside
玩具:toy car, doll
文具:desk, book, bag, pen, pencil, pencil-box, ruler, pencil sharpener
句型:
?What’s this?
?What colour is it?
?Whose is this?
?This is my brother’s painting.
?I have a puppet.
?There’s a car near the hospital.
?Was it in the wardrobe?
?Is there a book on the desk?
?That’s not mine.
8. 动物和植物:cat, dog, duck, fish, sheep, bird, panda, monkey, rabbit, hen , cock, chick, tiger, lion, pig, cow , mouse (mice), elephant, ladybird, puppy, tree, flower, rose.
9. 建筑与场所:factory, hospital, park, house, library, museum, office, farm, post office, bank, police station, railway station, bookstore, school, classroom, skating rink, cafe, house(bathroom, living-room, sitting-room, bedroom,
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kitchen), garden.
10. 身体:head, hair, eye, nose, ear, mouth, neck, hand, finger, foot(feet) ,toe. 外貌:fat, thin, tall, short, old, young, two big blue eyes, long hair, short hair, black hair.
句型:
?This is my nose.
?Touch your head.
?Raise your arm.
11. 个人情况:姓名、年龄、地址、特点与爱好。
句型:
?I’m twelve years old.
?My hobby is reading.
?I like music.
?I’m interested in space.
?My name is Peter.
?I’m tall and thin.
?Do you have any hobbies?
12. 家庭、亲属和朋友:姓名、年龄、地址、职业、特点
与爱好、与你的关系
family, grandfather(grandpa/granddad), grandmother(grandma/grand mum), father, mother, brother,
sister, uncle, aunt, cousin, friend.
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句型:
?Who’s he? He’s my father.
?He’s a doctor
?He likes playing games.
?My father helps me.
?Is he a soldier?
?What’s he?
13. 学校:学校建筑和学校生活。school, classroom, library,
playground, Chinese, maths , English, music, puter, PE,
art, science.
句型:
?When do you go to school?
?What time do you have English?
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作文四:《电大英语作文全集》10300字
1
How to Keep Healthy
Nowadays, more and more people know the
importance of keeping healthy. Without a
healthy body, they can do nothing. For me,
there are three main ways to keep healthy.
First, it is necessary to keep a balanced diet,
which is the basis of good health. It is better
for us to have more fruit and vegetables
every day. Secondly, it is important to take
regular exercises, such as swimming,
jogging and so on. Thirdly, it is essential to
stay in a good mood. If people follow these
three ways of keeping fit, they’ll greatly
improve their health.
2
My Hobbies
Hobbies are activities from which one can
benefit a lot. In my spare time, I like
painting, singing, raising flowers and cycling. My hobbies help me relax after periods of hard work. Moreover, I can make many friends who share the same hobbies with me. My hobbies make me maintain a mental and physical balance,. As you can see, hobbies can be relaxing, challenging, interesting, enjoyable or educational. So everyone should have one or two hobbies, then the life is meaningful and amused.
3
My Favorite Sport
My favorite sport is basketball. It looks so cool TV. I have been crazy about those basketball stars, especially Yao Ming, ever since I was a child. Basketball requires speed, height and skills. All parts of my body are exercised in this sport.
Furthermore, basketball is a sport more than just exercising. It is teamwork. No one can play himself. A team should work
together. So I learn to cooperate with others
in this game. I play basketball twice a week.
I make many good friends through this
sport.
4
My Classmates There are 20 distance learners in our class.
They are from different walks of life.
Although we attend only two tutorials every
week, we form different learning group S. E
ach group consists of 4 learners and
we discuss topics online regularly. We often
municate with each other by email or
phone. Li Ming is the monitor of my class
and always ready to help others. Zhang Hua
is a manager, who is called “elder sister” by
all members of my group. She often makes
use of her spare time to organize group
activities for improving our learning. In a
word, all of my classmates are friendly and
helpful.
5
My Best Friend Lucy is my best friend. She is a 35-year-old
pretty lady with a round face and two big
black eyes. She always has a smile on her
face. She is a math teacher in a primary
school. At weekends, we attend tutorials
together. She studies quite well and she’s
one of the top students in our class. When
I have difficulty with my studies. I always
ask her for help. We are mon in many
ways, we often write emails to exchange our
views on life, work and family. We like each
other and enjoy staying together.
6
My Teacher Mr. Liu is our English teacher. He
graduated from Beijing Foreign Studies
University. His English is very good. Mr.
Liu is middle-aged and handsome. At class,
he is good at asking us to do pair work,
group work and other activities. He always
encourages us to speak up and tells us
“Don’t be shy, let’s try.” After a semester, almost all the learners in our class are
interested in English although they don’t
like English at the start. With Mr. Liu’s
help, many learners are making fast
progress in their English learning. Mr. Liu
is the best teacher in my mind.
7
My Spare Time / My hobby
I like reading. I don’t think I’m a sporty person, so in my spare time I spend much
time reading. Reading newspapers, I can
know the important events in the world.
Reading work-related books, I can learn a
lot of knowledge to benefit my career.
Reading magazines, I can relax myself after
stressful works. I often read in my study, on
bus, in subway and so on. On the average, I
spend three or four hours reading every day.
Although the life in my spare time is not
colorful enough, I enjoy it very much.
8
My Plan for the National Day
Holiday I am longing for the National Day Holiday
because I plan to visit Guangzhou. Some of
my former classmates live and work in this
city, and we have not seen each other for a
long time. We are planning a classmate
reunion in Guangzhou during the National
Day Holiday. After the reunion activity, we
will go to Shenzhen to see our middle school
English teacher, Mr. Wang is now retired
and lives with his son’s family in Shenzhen.
We all miss him because he was a good
teacher.
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How to Overe Difficulties in My
English Studies When I first learnt English, I found it is
difficult to remember and pronounce new
words correctly. So, I wrote new words and
their pronunciation on the other side. Then
I would read the words after the recording
several times. After that, whenever I had a
little time, I would take out my cards,
reading the English words aloud and
guessing their Chinese meanings. By doing
this, I have overe my difficulties in my
English studies.
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A Day to Remember
thOn Sunday, 6 April, 2008, we t to visit
our primary school teacher, Ms Chen. She
taught us 10 years ago. From time to time,
we would go to see her, but this was the first
time that we took our own families to see
our dear teacher. We recalled her after so
many years. She said she had never
expected us to visit her by bringing our own
families. All of us will never forget the day.
11
Plan for the Spring Festival This Spring Festival, I am going to Hong
Kong to see my aunt. My father will go with
me because he has not seen his sister for
years. This will be my first visit to Hong
Kong. During my stay there, I will go to the
famous Ocean Park and the Hong Kong
Disneyland. But my aunt says we may visit
Macao when we return. How excited I am! I
am sure we will have a good time this
Spring Festival.
12
About Television
We cannot imagine what life would be like
without television. First, we can learn all
kinds of knowledge through television. We
can ever be watching what is happening in
other parts of the world. Second, television
has made our life more colorful. We can
enjoy a concert or watch a film at home. We
can meet all kinds of interesting people
without going out. But to protect our
eyesight, we should not spend long hours
watching TV. Nor should we forget that we
do not live to watch TV---there are many
more important things for us to do.
13
About Newspaper I like newspapers. I read newspapers every
day. We can learn not only international
and national events but also many other
things in the newspapers. For example, we
can learn what is on TV or in the cinema.
We can learn how to invest. We can learn
how to save money by shopping in cheap
places. We can learn where to travel. We
can enjoy wonderful literature. We can even
learn how to cook delicious food.
Newspapers have bee part of our life.
14
The Study Plan
This semester, I have to study three courses
and English is one of them. English is the
most difficult course for me. So I will spend
more time on this course. I plan to study
English for at least one hour a day. I will
preview the lessons and finish all the
English homework. After class, I will do
more practice in reading after the recording
because my pronunciation is very poor. In
addition, I will try remember as many new
words as possible. I am sure I can make
greater progress in English if I work harder.
15
Talking About Myself My name is Holly. I’m thirty-seven years
old. I’m from Beijing. I’m a math teacher in
a primary school. My school is far away
from my home, so I usually drive to work.
There are three people in my family. They
are my wife, my daughter and I. My wife is
a doctor in a big hospital and my daughter
is a ten-year-old pupil. In my spare time, I
like reading book, TV, playing table tennis
and so on. I hope we can be friend.
16
My Home
thI am living on the 10 floor of a tower building with my wife and daughter. It is a
newly-built block of flats with 22 stories
altogether in the north of the city. We have
three bedrooms, one big living-room in
addition to one kitchen and two bathrooms.
The size is about 127spuare meters. When
we moved in three years ago, I painted the
doors myself. We are satisfied with the
decorations except the cupboards in the
kitchen, so I need to build them again. The
neighborhood is nice too. I think my home
is cozy and I like my home.
17
Health and Eating Habit
Eating habit is closely related to heath. In
order to keep fit, we should pay more
attention to our eating habits. My tips on
good eating habits are as follows:
First, don’t eat too much or too little for each meal. Eating too much will cause
overweight and eating too little is bad for
health too. Second, don’t eat between meals.
Sometimes we like eating a little before the
mealtime; as a result, we lose our appetite
for lunch or dinner. Third, eat more
vegetables and fruit every day. As the
saying goes, “An apple a day makes the doctor away.” In my opinion, a good eating habit leads to a healthy life.
18
Living in a Big City
In the eyes of many people, city is attractive
with all its advantages and conveniences.
People can buy almost all kinds of things at
supermarkets or shopping malls, dine out in
good restaurant, they can have more
educational opportunities. However, with
the expansion the city, more and more
people are flowing into the big city. Now the
traffic is heavier and heavier. The pollution
problem is getting more and more serious.
The living condition is worse and worse.
Most people love the advantages of city life,
but a big city also has its disadvantages.
19.
1.
2.
3.
Dear William,
Thank you so much for your invitation to your birthday party this Sunday evening.
I’d love to e, but I am afraid I cannot
make it. I will leave for Beijing on a
business trip the day after tomorrow. And I
will have to stay in Beijing for several days.
So I am afraid I will not be able to e
back until next Monday. Please say hi to all
our friends. I wish you all a good time
Happy Birthday!
All the best,
Jim
20.
1.2.3.
Dear Ann,
Thank you so much for the wonderful dinner last night! I had a really good time in
your home. You are an amazing cook.
I am already longing for another get-together. Will you be free next Saturday
evening? I wonder if you could e and
have dinner with us. I will also invite our
friends Joe and Kate. I’m sure they will be
pleased to meet you.
I am looking forward to your joining us next Saturday evening.
All the best,
Jenny
作文五:《英语学习资料大全集》11300字
【英语学习资料大全集 37.2G 】
内容如下
│ 薄冰实用英语语法详解 (豪华版 ).ISO 473.11 MB
│ 家庭英语 300句 .rmvb 113.27 MB
│ 剑桥学习字典 (Cambridge Learner's Dictionary)Second edition.iso 348.35 MB
│ 教师必备之英语语法全集 (39RM).rar 607.21 MB
│ 牛津互动式图解字典 (Oxford.Picture.Dictionary.Interactive).rar 112.57 MB
│ 牛津简明英语词典 (Concise Oxford English Dictionary CD-ROM)第 11版 .iso 146.71 MB │ 牛津英语 电子与机械工程 (Oxford English for Electrical and Mechanical Engineering).pdf 109.39 MB
│ 世界上最美丽的英文 -人生短篇 (25MP3+1PDF).rar 113.75 MB
│ 托业 .Complete.Guide.Of.The.TOEIC.Test.iso 191.93 MB
│ 右脑学习法电子书 .rar 867.84 KB
├─ BEC 【感谢 小婉 分享】 (2 folders, 0 files, 0 bytes, 109.91 MB in total.)
│ ├─ BEC 中级 (0 folders, 7 files, 25.75 MB, 25.75 MB in total.)
│ │ bec 中级新东方讲义 .doc 114.00 KB
│ │ 超星图书浏览器 .rar 4.06 MB
│ │ 剑桥商务英语证书(BEC )中级 30天突破 .rar 6.56 MB
│ │ 新编剑桥商务英语教师用书:中级:2版 .rar 2.10 MB
│ │ 新编剑桥商务英语同步辅导 中级 .rar 6.86 MB
│ │ 新编剑桥商务英语学生用书 中级:2版 .rar 5.98 MB
│ │ 真题 .rar 83.07 KB
│ └─ BEC 高级 (0 folders, 3 files, 84.16 MB, 84.16 MB in total.)
│ BEC 商务英语 [E学论坛 雅思考试 英语学习 ].url 228 bytes
│ 听力 MP3.rar 84.02 MB
│ 相关资料收集 D.rar 139.24 KB
├─ CET (0 folders, 3 files, 105.86 MB, 105.86 MB in total.)
│ 一些资料 .rar 521.64 KB
│ 大学英语词汇星火式·巧记·速记·精练 1-6级 .pdf 13.38 MB
│ 淘金式点评历年真题 CET-6配套听力 MP3(02.1-06.6).rar 91.97 MB
├─ Travel Around the World (4 folders, 0 files, 0 bytes, 396.84 MB in total.)
│ ├─ Amsterdam (0 folders, 6 files, 102.36 MB, 102.36 MB in total.)
│ │ Amsterdam Part I.rmvb 19.02 MB
│ │ Amsterdam Part II.rmvb 18.83 MB
│ │ Amsterdam Part III.rmvb 16.03 MB
│ │ Amsterdam Part IV.rmvb 15.83 MB
│ │ Amsterdam Part V.rmvb 14.69 MB
│ │ Amsterdam Part VI.rmvb 17.96 MB
│ ├─ Paris (0 folders, 6 files, 101.83 MB, 101.83 MB in total.)
│ │ Paris Part I.rmvb 22.27 MB
│ │ Paris Part II.rmvb 15.71 MB
│ │ Paris Part III.rmvb 17.20 MB
│ │ Paris Part IV.rmvb 12.90 MB
│ │ Paris Part V.rmvb 17.85 MB
│ │ Paris Part VI.rmvb 15.91 MB
│ ├─ Stockholm (0 folders, 6 files, 91.03 MB, 91.03 MB in total.)
│ │ Stockholm Part I.rmvb 16.35 MB
│ │ Stockholm Part II.rmvb 17.58 MB
│ │ Stockholm Part III.rmvb 17.54 MB
│ │ Stockholm Part IV.rmvb 15.39 MB
│ │ Stockholm Part V.rmvb 13.16 MB
│ │ Stockholm Part VI.rmvb 11.02 MB
│ └─ Sydney (0 folders, 6 files, 101.61 MB, 101.61 MB in total.)
│ Part 1.rmvb 19.02 MB
│ Part 2.rmvb 13.69 MB
│ Part 3.rmvb 23.90 MB
│ Part 4.rmvb 9.63 MB
│ Part 5.rmvb 20.14 MB
│ Part 6.rmvb 15.23 MB
├─ WTO 实战英语系列之商业英语会话 (0 folders, 4 files, 1.19 GB, 1.19 GB in total.)
│ WTO 实战英语系列之商业英语会话 Audio-CD1.rar 86.04 MB
│ WTO 实战英语系列之商业英语会话 Audio-CD2.rar 74.53 MB
│ WTO 实战英语系列之商业英语会话 cd-Rom1.rar 560.98 MB
│ WTO 实战英语系列之商业英语会话 cd-Rom2.rar 492.53 MB
├─彩绘英文童书 (1 folders, 3 files, 1.17 GB, 1.79 GB in total.)
│ │ 中级彩绘英文童书(上) .rar 391.14 MB
│ │ 高级彩绘英文童书 .rar 423.25 MB
│ │ 中级彩绘英文童书(下) .rar 387.35 MB
│ └─初级英文童书 (0 folders, 2 files, 633.41 MB, 633.41 MB in total.)
│ 学龄前 .rar 195.38 MB
│ 小学 1、 2年级 .rar 438.03 MB
├─法律英語 (Legal English) (0 folders, 2 files, 726.67 MB, 726.67 MB in total.)
│ Legal.English.mdf 726.67 MB
│ Legal.English.mds 1.51 KB
├─疯狂英语 (1 folders, 0 files, 0 bytes, 1.15 GB in total.)
│ └─口语绝招 (0 folders, 5 files, 1.15 GB, 1.15 GB in total.)
│ 句型经典 .ISO 257.63 MB
│ 场景会话经典 .ISO 191.47 MB
│ 脱口而出经典 .ISO 207.19 MB
│ 语音突破经典 .ISO 250.02 MB
│ 自我表达经典 .ISO 271.92 MB
├─赖世雄 (2 folders, 1 files, 59.01 MB, 1.29 GB in total.)
│ │ 赖世雄教你学英语语法 .pdf 59.01 MB
│ ├─精准美国英语音标发音指南文本+语音 (0 folders, 5 files, 12.40 MB, 12.40 MB in
total.)
│ │ fayin1[1].ram 1.80 MB
│ │ fayin2[1].ram 1.59 MB
│ │ fayin3[1].ram 1.76 MB
│ │ fayin4[1].ram 1.68 MB
│ │ fyzn.chm 5.58 MB
│ └─美国英语教程 (3 folders, 1 files, 4.06 MB, 1.22 GB in total.)
│ │ 超星图书浏览器 .rar 4.06 MB
│ ├─中级 (0 folders, 2 files, 468.44 MB, 468.44 MB in total.)
│ │ 中级美语教程《赖世雄》 .chm 83.87 KB
│ │ 赖世雄中级美语教程 .rar 468.36 MB
│ ├─初级 (0 folders, 5 files, 654.04 MB, 654.04 MB in total.)
│ │ 初级美国英语 (教材超星版)上册 .rar 4.09 MB
│ │ 初级美国英语 (教材超星版)下册 .rar 4.25 MB
│ │ 初级美国英语教程 _入门篇 (教材超星版) .rar 3.62 MB
│ │ 赖世雄初级美国英语教程 .rar 458.79 MB
│ │ 赖世雄初级美语入门篇 .rar 183.29 MB
│ └─高级 (0 folders, 2 files, 120.23 MB, 120.23 MB in total.)
│ 赖世雄高级美语教程 .rar 115.59 MB
│ 高级美国英语教程 (教材超星版) .rar 4.63 MB
├─李阳疯狂英语 (3 folders, 12 files, 1.94 GB, 5.62 GB in total.)
│ │ 100个发音秘决 .rar 56.00 MB
│ │ CrazyEnglish.rar 159.40 MB
│ │ 标准美语发音宝典 (102MP3+1PDF教材 ).rar 1.32 GB
│ │ 成功之路全套录音 (18RM音频 +1MP3).rar 67.68 MB
│ │ 第一期夏令营绝密资料 .txt 14.98 KB
│ │ 国际化中国人必备 365句 .txt 16.14 KB
│ │ 口语突破 MP3.iso 139.11 MB
│ │ 美语发音秘诀 MP3.rar 136.64 MB
│ │ 配套学习卡片 (328JPG).rar 56.39 MB
│ │ 突破单词 .rar 4.27 MB
│ │ 突破句型 .rar 4.45 MB
│ │ 突破语法 .rar 2.99 MB
│ ├─ 2006脱口而出系列 (0 folders, 5 files, 2.82 GB, 2.82 GB in total.)
│ │ 准备篇 .iso 644.85 MB
│ │ 口语句型入门与提高 .iso 148.71 MB
│ │ 练嘴篇 .iso 695.99 MB
│ │ 卖弄篇 .iso 697.26 MB
│ │ 实战篇 .iso 700.57 MB
│ ├─疯狂说英语 (Crazily speak English)vcd转 mp3高清晰 128k (0 folders, 2 files, 853.95 MB, 853.95 MB in total.)
│ │ 李阳疯狂说英语 A.iso 399.69 MB
│ │ 李阳疯狂说英语 B.iso 454.26 MB
│ └─口语绝招 (1 folders, 1 files, 4.24 MB, 27.08 MB in total.)
│ │ 李阳介绍 .rm 4.24 MB
│ └─疯狂美语口语绝招 (0 folders, 4 files, 22.85 MB, 22.85 MB in total.) │ 疯狂美语口语绝招 1A.rm 1.03 MB
│ 疯狂美语口语绝招 1B.rm 6.80 MB
│ 疯狂美语口语绝招 2a.rm 7.88 MB
│ 疯狂美语口语绝招 2b.rm 7.14 MB
├─美国人每天说的话 (0 folders, 1 files, 78.85 MB, 78.85 MB in total.)
│ 日常俚语 (11WMA+19JPG).rar 78.85 MB
├─诺曼开口说 -生活口语系列 -玩得开心 (0 folders, 8 files, 3.27 GB, 3.27 GB in total.) │ [诺曼开口说 -生活口语系列 -玩得开心 ].NORMANDY_CD1.iso 587.57 MB │ [诺曼开口说 -生活口语系列 -玩得开心 ].NORMANDY_CD2.iso 485.80 MB │ [诺曼开口说 -生活口语系列 -玩得开心 ].NORMANDY_CD3.iso 341.95 MB │ [诺曼开口说 -生活口语系列 -玩得开心 ].NORMANDY_CD4.iso 334.00 MB │ [诺曼开口说 -生活口语系列 -玩得开心 ].NORMANDY_CD5.iso 426.54 MB │ [诺曼开口说 -生活口语系列 -玩得开心 ].NORMANDY_CD6.iso 428.46 MB │ [诺曼开口说 -生活口语系列 -玩得开心 ].NORMANDY_CD7.iso 424.60 MB │ [诺曼开口说 -生活口语系列 -玩得开心 ].NORMANDY_CD8.iso 322.28 MB ├─抢救上班族英语系列之办公室会话篇 (0 folders, 2 files, 1.08 GB, 1.08 GB in total.) │ 抢救上班族英语系列之办公室会话篇 CD-ROM1.rar 562.01 MB
│ 抢救上班族英语系列之办公室会话篇 CD-ROM2.rar 545.59 MB
├─随心所欲说英语 II (0 folders, 11 files, 3.85 GB, 3.85 GB in total.)
│ A. 句型篇 .ISO 415.67 MB
│ B. 情景篇 I(成长之路 云游四方 ).ISO 470.26 MB
│ C. 情景篇 II(上班一族 ).ISO 460.66 MB
│ D. 情景篇 III(生活空间 ).ISO 476.97 MB
│ E. 词汇篇 .ISO 654.41 MB
│ F. 背诵篇 .ISO 517.56 MB
│ G . 语音篇 .ISO 424.29 MB
│ H. 欣赏篇 .ISO 510.83 MB
│ 随心所欲 . 说英语 .II. 补丁 1.[VeryCD.].zip 9.40 MB
│ 随心所欲 . 说英语 .II. 补丁 2.[VeryCD.].zip 2.11 MB
│ 随心所欲 . 说英语 .II. 补丁 3.[VeryCD.].exe 36.06 KB
├─新东方 (14 folders, 8 files, 1.81 GB, 10.77 GB in total.)
│ │ 背诵 文 选 2006新版 .Recitation.iso 299.53 MB
│ │ 初级中级高级口语教程 (MP3+文本 ).rar 246.26 MB
│ │ 胡敏读故事记单词四级 (55MP3+1PDF).rar 24.01 MB
│ │ 美国口语课堂 .rar 369.94 MB
│ │ 商务口语 3cds 合成版 .ISO 166.13 MB
│ │ 生而为赢 -背诵美文 30篇 (Born.to.Win)(30MP3+1文本 ).rar 41.49 MB
│ │ 四级词汇速听速记 .iso 689.05 MB
│ │ 新东方英语 2006上半年合集 .rar 21.86 MB
│ ├─ 4+1 (0 folders, 6 files, 1.07 GB, 1.07 GB in total.)
│ │ ZzFlash1.4(播放器 ).rar 746.46 KB
│ │ 电影听说 .rar 264.27 MB
│ │ 口语句型 .rar 214.34 MB
│ │ 口语语汇 .rar 204.23 MB
│ │ 美语思维 .rar 216.90 MB
│ │ 语音语调 .rar 198.83 MB
│ ├─ BEC 中级精华班 (0 folders, 9 files, 113.64 MB, 113.64 MB in total.)
│ │ BEC 中级写作 _孙能武 .doc 6.81 MB
│ │ BEC 中级口语谢娇岳 .doc 322.50 KB
│ │ BEC 中级听力 _高媛媛 .doc 249.50 KB
│ │ BEC 中级阅读 _耿耿 .doc 836.50 KB
│ │ ZzFlash1.4(播放器 ).rar 746.46 KB
│ │ 口语 谢姣岳 11.0课时 .rar 35.39 MB
│ │ 听力 高媛媛 9.0课时 .rar 28.14 MB
│ │ 写作 孙能武 6.0课时 .rar 14.73 MB
│ │ 阅读 耿耿 9.75课时 .rar 26.46 MB
│ ├─ CET6网络课堂 (2 folders, 3 files, 163.89 MB, 722.81 MB in total.)
│ │ │ CET6历年听力原声 (96.01-05.06).rar 162.87 MB
│ │ │ CET6历年试题及答案 .rar 293.77 KB
│ │ │ ZzFlash1.4(播放器 ).rar 746.46 KB
│ │ ├─配套电子书 (0 folders, 2 files, 2.01 MB, 2.01 MB in total.)
│ │ │ CET6.swf 1.07 MB
│ │ │ flash 电子书阅读器 .exe 964.04 KB
│ │ └─网络课堂 (0 folders, 10 files, 556.91 MB, 556.91 MB in total.)
│ │ 200106.iso 32.41 MB
│ │ 200201.iso 27.84 MB
│ │ 200206.iso 32.10 MB
│ │ 200306.iso 45.42 MB
│ │ 200406.iso 38.94 MB
│ │ CET6(2004)词汇 张亚哲 12.0课时 .rar 84.03 MB
│ │ CET6(2004)听力 乐静 12.0课时 .rar 81.20 MB
│ │ CET6(2004)阅读 何钢 16.0课时 .rar 126.91 MB
│ │ CET6(2004)作文 李鑫 8.0课时 .rar 64.80 MB
│ │ CET6听力原文 无 5.25课时 .iso 23.26 MB
│ ├─白易礼英语语法 (30.25全) (0 folders, 2 files, 248.28 MB, 248.28 MB in total.) │ │ ZzFlash1.4(播放器 ).rar 746.46 KB
│ │ 白易礼英语语法 .rar 247.55 MB
│ ├─词汇教程(古典、刘畅) 2004 (0 folders, 4 files, 263.69 MB, 263.69 MB in total.) │ │ ZzFlash1.4(播放器 ).rar 746.46 KB
│ │ 刘畅词汇笔记(咪咪打印版) .pdf 0.98 MB
│ │ 英语词汇 . 古典 .19.75课时 .rar 134.60 MB
│ │ 英语词汇 . 刘畅 .17.5课时 .rar 127.38 MB
│ ├─大学英语六级 40天突破 (0 folders, 4 files, 2.05 GB, 2.05 GB in total.)
│ │ 新东方大学英语六级 40天突破 .CET6_1.iso 537.03 MB
│ │ 新东方大学英语六级 40天突破 .CET6_2.iso 563.13 MB
│ │ 新东方大学英语六级 40天突破 .CET6_3.iso 519.32 MB
│ │ 新东方大学英语六级 40天突破 .CET6_4.iso 476.49 MB
│ ├─胡敏练口语记单词(四六级) (0 folders, 2 files, 176.72 MB, 176.72 MB in total.) │ │ 胡敏练口语记单词 cet4(10MP3+1PDF).rar 97.31 MB
│ │ 胡敏练口语记单词 cet6(10MP3+1PDF).rar 79.41 MB
│ ├─口语词汇一招鲜 (0 folders, 2 files, 0.95 GB, 0.95 GB in total.)
│ │ 口语词汇一招鲜 1.iso 503.80 MB
│ │ 口语词汇一招鲜 2.iso 467.63 MB
│ ├─手把手教你写四、六级作文 (0 folders, 5 files, 105.27 MB, 105.27 MB in total.) │ │ 1. 段落 .rmvb 26.08 MB
│ │ 2. 句子 1.rmvb 32.38 MB
│ │ 3. 句子 2.rmvb 23.06 MB
│ │ 4. 用词 .rmvb 12.12 MB
│ │ 5. 综合 .rmvb 11.62 MB
│ ├─随意啃英语 002[VOA常速英语 ] (1 folders, 1 files, 632.31 MB, 652.74 MB in total.)│ │ │ 随意啃英语 002[VOA常速英语 ].iso 632.31 MB
│ │ └─随意啃英语 .1.10升级程序 (0 folders, 2 files, 20.43 MB, 20.43 MB in total.) │ │ Syk.exe 20.43 MB
│ │ 使用方法 .txt 132 bytes
│ ├─王强口语 (0 folders, 5 files, 1.25 GB, 1.25 GB in total.)
│ │ MP3.rar 166.24 MB
│ │ ZzFlash1.4(播放器 ).rar 746.46 KB
│ │ 第二册 68.75课时 .rar 565.59 MB
│ │ 第一册 Flash.rar 541.80 MB
│ │ 文本 .rar 5.67 MB
│ ├─英语 900句(mp3软件版) (0 folders, 2 files, 273.71 MB, 273.71 MB in total.) │ │ 开口篇 .ISO 139.50 MB
│ │ 生活篇 .iso 134.21 MB
│ ├─英语天天背 (0 folders, 2 files, 675.02 MB, 675.02 MB in total.)
│ │ StepEn.iso 675.02 MB
│ │ 序列号 .txt 24 bytes
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├─新概念英语 (7 folders, 5 files, 643.43 MB, 2.33 GB in total.)
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│ │ 新概念英语 EBook.exe 6.14 MB
│ │ 新概念英语 Flash03.iso 394.74 MB
│ │ 新概念英语 MP3.iso 63.48 MB
│ │ 新概念英语有声 E 书 .iso 54.69 MB
│ ├─ XDF 补充材料 (0 folders, 9 files, 3.27 MB, 3.27 MB in total.)
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│ │ XDF 新概念英语第 2册补充教材 .doc 235.50 KB
│ │ XDF 新概念英语第 3册补充教材 .doc 280.50 KB
│ │ XDF 新概念英语第 4册补充教材 .doc 210.00 KB
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│ │ 新概念 补充材料 第 04册 .swf 596.20 KB
│ ├─笔记 (0 folders, 5 files, 15.11 MB, 15.11 MB in total.)
│ │ 新概念第一册笔记 .pdf 5.33 MB
│ │ 第四册对照表 .pdf 242.79 KB
│ │ 新概念第二册笔记 .pdf 1.25 MB
│ │ 新概念第三册笔记 .pdf 4.06 MB
│ │ 新概念第四册笔记 .pdf 4.23 MB
│ ├─美音版 (0 folders, 3 files, 157.14 MB, 157.14 MB in total.)
│ │ 新概念英语美音版第 2册 mp3.rar 90.27 MB
│ │ 新概念英语美音版第 3册 mp3.rar 21.02 MB
│ │ 新概念英语美音版第 4册 mp3.rar 45.85 MB
│ ├─文本 (0 folders, 4 files, 563.34 KB, 563.34 KB in total.)
│ │ 第一册 .rar 59.07 KB
│ │ 第二册 .rar 101.43 KB
│ │ 第三册 .rar 136.08 KB
│ │ 第四册 .rar 266.75 KB
│ ├─新东方新概念英语课堂讲解 (0 folders, 4 files, 1.43 GB, 1.43 GB in total.)
│ │ 新概念英语 _III.iso 395.05 MB
│ │ 新概念英语 _IV.iso 486.67 MB
│ │ 新概念英语 _Ⅱ .iso 549.92 MB
│ │ 新概念英语 _Ⅱ _Add.rar 32.72 MB
│ ├─英音版 (0 folders, 3 files, 80.07 MB, 80.07 MB in total.)
│ │ 新概念英语英音版第 2册 mp3.lrc 歌词 .rar 22.82 MB
│ │ 新概念英语英音版第 3册 mp3.lrc 歌词 .rar 31.33 MB
│ │ 新概念英语英音版第 4册 mp3.lrc 歌词 .rar 25.92 MB
│ └─语法精粹 (0 folders, 4 files, 22.79 MB, 22.79 MB in total.)
│ 新概念语法精粹 第 02册 .doc 5.66 MB
│ 新概念语法精粹 第 02册 .pdf 4.85 MB
│ 新概念语法精粹 第 03册 .doc 6.48 MB
│ 新概念语法精粹 第 03册 .pdf 5.79 MB
└─游戏学英文男女速配篇 (Adventures in romance) (0 folders, 4 files, 1.43 GB, 1.43 GB in total.)
Play.cd1.mdf 724.15 MB
Play.cd1.mds 8.81 KB
Play.cd2.mdf 742.95 MB
Play.cd2.mds 8.81 KB
补充说明:
托业 .Complete.Guide.Of.The.TOEIC.Test 的安装注册码:1X2580-12X5
新东方商务口语 3CD 合成版的序列号附在镜像里面
注意:请选择您所需的下载,因为是 BT 共享,所以可能比较慢,大家要有耐心,如果无源 我可以为大家补种。
转 载 自 共 享 天 下 考 研 论 坛 原 始 地 址 : ://.kaoyansky./viewthread.php?tid=603496&fromuid=2120475
作文六:《高中英语10大应用文优秀满分范文全集,全是套路!》9200字
期末考试在即,小简老师推荐你应用文写作优秀范文全集,满满都是套路,掌握后还怕得不了满分吗?
1. 感谢信
假设你是李华,梁教授去年六月推荐你去悉尼大学深造,现在你已经被悉尼大学化学学院录取,请写封信向梁教授表示感谢。
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Professor Liang,
I am writing to extend my gratitude to youbecause with your help I am now a student of Chemistry Department of SydneyUniversity.
Last June, when I applied to bee agraduate student of Sydney University, you really gave me a lot of valuablehelp. You not only wrote a remendation(推荐)?for me to Professor Wells who worksin the Sydney University but also gave me careful and patient instructions onhow to fill the application forms and write the application letters.
It is your unreserved(无保留的)?help thatenables me to obtain this splendid(极好的)opportunity of further education. For thefollowing two years I will study hard to reciprocate(回报)?your sincere help andexpectations with excellent grades.
Yours truly,
Zhang Ying
2. 道歉信
假设你是李华,你上星期参观伦敦,当时你爸的一个朋友Rogers先生对你照顾有加,请写封信表达你对他的感谢。
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Sarah,
I am terribly sorry to tell you that I am unable toattend your birthday party next Thursday evening. That is owing to(因为)?the fact that (同位语从句)my younger brother suddenly fell ill and was taken to a hospital thismorning. I have to go there immediately and take care of him. As told by thedoctor in charge, it will take around five days for him to recover and I haveasked my boss for a leave.
I really regret that I cannot go to celebrate yourbirthday personally and would miss the perfect chance of enjoying myself withall our old friends. I have chosen a small gift for you and will send it to youtomorrow to show my best wishes. Besides, please give my regards to our friendswhen you meet them at the party.
Cordially,?(sincerely)
Li Hua
3. 申请信
假定你是李华,将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知B & B公司要招聘一名英文秘书,你很感兴趣,要写一封求职信,包括下列要点:
1.年龄:182.
2. 学习情况:班级前5,英语口语好
3.兴趣和特长:打字快,喜欢阅读,听音乐
4.性格特点:积极向上
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行为连贯;
3.开头语和结束语己为你写好。
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Sir/ Madam,
I learned from the newspaper that your pany needs an English secretary. I’m really interested in this position so I am writing to apply for it.
I’m18 years old and will graduate from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July.I’m an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class of 50 students. I’m good at English, especially spoken English. I often use the puter and I type very fast. In my spare time, I read a lot. Poems are my favorite. I enjoy music very much too. Being an active young person, I like sports and outdoor activities. Besides, I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.
I hope I may be granted(授予)?an interview,when I can explain my qualifications(资格,条件)?more fully. I am looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely/Yours,
LiHua
4. 通知
假如你是校学生会主席。新年即将到来,为了帮助你校的外国留学生更好地了解中国文化,学生会将为他们举办一个新年晚会。请你根据以下提示,用英语向他们发出口头通知。
时间:下周五6:00—8:00
地点:教学楼101室
内容:1.唱中国歌? ? 2.比赛用筷子? ? 3.学习包饺子
注意:1.词数不少于50;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
【优秀满分范文】
Good afternoon, everyone. May I have your attention, please?
I’m the chairman of the Students’ Union. As the New Year is?around the corner(即将到来), weare going to hold a New Year party for you, which is intended to enable you tohave a better understanding of Chinese culture.
During the party, not only canyou sing a Chinese song, but you will also pete with each other to see howskilled you are at using chopsticks. What’s more, you’ll learn at the party howto make dumplings. Sounds great. doesn’t it? The party is scheduled(计划于)?in Room 101of the Teaching Building from 6:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. next Friday.
Please make sure you won’t miss it. Thank you for your attention.
5. 邀请信
你们班同学打算周六去爬香山。请给外教Chris写一封英文信,邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下:
1. 时间:8am—5 pm;
2.?集合地点:校门口;
3.?交通工具:公交车;
4.?携带物品:雨具,午餐,相机。
注意:1.?词数不少于50;
2.?可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.?开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to tell you that we intend to climb the Fragrant Hill this Saturday and I sincerely invite you to go with us on behalf of our class.
We are supposed togather at the school gate and set out at 8:00 am sharp. The bus will serve asour transportation. We will climb to the top of the hill and enjoy our piiclunch there, so please take some food with you as lunch. At about 2:00 pm. wewill go down the hill along another path and return to our school at about5.00pm. You may equip yourself with a camera to record the beautiful sceneryand an umbrella or a raincoat is also necessary in case you are caught in arain. Please spare some time to join us.
Your participation can surely addcolor to our trip and we are all looking forward to your involvement.
Yours,
Joe
6. 建议信
假定你是李华,你所喜爱的Global Mirror周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见.请你依据以下内容给主编写封信,内容主要包括: 1.说明你是该报的忠实读者
2.说明该报优点:1)兼顾国内外新闻 ????2)介绍名人成功故事
3.提出建议: ??刊登指导英语学习的文章
注意:1.词数100左右,开头语己为你写好;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Editor-in-Chief,
Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!
I’m a regular reader of your newspaper. I like it so much that I hardly miss any copy.
There are many advantages of Global Mirror. Firstly, Global Mirror?covers both national and international news. By simply turning the pages, I can know all important things that have happened both home and abroad. Besides, the success stories of world-famous people are also attractive to me, which help me learn a lot from them. In a word, thanks to Global Mirror, we are well-informed and keep up with the changing world.
As a young student, I wish that I can be a master of English language. Therefore, I suggest that Global Mirror provide s about English learning for us.
Finally, I hope that Global Mirror?will bee more and more popular. Thank you for your time!
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
7. 求助信
假设你是李华,你的美国朋友Tom上个月来到北京学习。七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲比赛 (speech contest),你在资料搜集、语言运用等方面遇到了困难。请根据以下要点给Tom写一封电子邮件:
1.询问Tom的生活和学习情况;
2.谈谈你的困难并请Tom帮忙;
3.告诉Tom你打算赛后去看他。
注意:
1.词数:120—150;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Tom,
How is it going these days? I keep wondering how you feel about your school life in Beijing. Have you got used to the life in China? Are you enjoying your life? I hope you are.
Let me tell you a piece of good news: I’m going to take part in an English speech contest of middle school students in July in the ing summer vacation. So I’m busy preparing for it. But now I have some difficulty in collecting useful information and using proper English word to express my thoughts. Besides, ?I really want to improve my spoken English, especially the pronunciation and intonation(语调). Of course, as a native English speaker, you can give me some suggestions.
In addition, I’m going to visit you after the contest. I’m sure we will have a wonderful time together in Beijing! I can hardly wait to see you! I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
8. 投诉信
你是李华,两周前你从网上一套书虫系列读物(BookwormSeries)昨天才到货,且包装破损,数量不足。请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。要点如下:
1. ???介绍购物情况
2. ???反映存在问题
3. ???提出解决方案
注意:
1. ???词数100词左右
2. ???可适当增加细节,使行文连贯
3. ???开头结尾已给出,不计入总词
可能用到的生词:投诉plaint n.
【优秀满分范文】
To whom it may concern,
I am one of your customers(顾客). I ordered(订购)a set of(一套) Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago, but I didn’t receive them until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, thebooks were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. To makematters worse, it is not a plete set, as I found one book missing.
I am sorry to have received such poor service, and I believe I have every rightto ask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either return my money ordeliver a new set of books to me. Besides, I’d like to be informed of theprocess of your dealing with my plaint.
Lookingforward to your reply.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
9. 祝贺信
假如你是李华,你的好友魏芳在中学生英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。请你根据以下内容,给她写一封祝贺信。
内容包括:1. 表达你的愉悦心情;2.向她表示祝贺; 3.请她介绍成功的经验。
注意:1. 词数100左右; 2. 开头和结尾已为你写好,但不计入总词数;3. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:英语演讲比赛 the English Speech Contest
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Wei Fang,
I hear that you have won first prize in the English Speech Contest of Middle?School Students, so I’m writing to give my sincere congratulations.
You don’t know how excited I was when I heard the good news. As your best friend, I am proud of you! Your pronunciation and fluent English left me with deep impression. It came as no surprise to me that you won the contest. Could you share with me how you improve your spoken English? Your experience will be of great help to me in learning.
I will be grateful if you can write me back and give me your advice. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
10. 求职信
假如你是李华,从报纸上看到中老年英语培训机构Mid.Senior ESCH面向高中毕业生招聘暑期兼职辅导员,负责学员课间服务事项。请根据下面的广告内容用英语写一份求职信。
ASSISITANTS WANTED
Valuable chances are open for high school graduates who are good at English.Their work is to tend the senior students during the break.
Requirements attached:1.Good at English.2.Experienced priority.
Contact us by e-mail:Englishtec@163..
注意:1.短文词数100字左右;2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称;
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Director:
I’d like to apply for the post of assistant which was advertised in the newspaper. I found this position quite appealing to me.
I’ve just graduated from high school. Luckily I am good at English and I can speak English fluently. In addition, I have previous experience. During my stay in middle school, I used to be a volunteer and looked after the old people in a nursing home on weekends.
In short, I believe my experience and fluent oral English will be a great help for me in doing the work. I’m available for interview at any time. It would be appreciated if I can get your offer.
Sincerely,
Li Hua
作文七:《【精品】高中英语10大应用文优秀满分作文全集》9200字
高中英语 10大应用文优秀满分范文全集
1. 感谢信
假设你是李华,梁教授去年六月推荐你去悉尼大学深造,现在你已经被悉尼大学化学学院录取,请写封信 向梁教授表示感谢。
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Professor Liang,
I am writing to extend my gratitude to you because with your help I am now a student of Chemistry Department of Sydney University.
Last June, when I applied to bee a graduate student of Sydney University, you really gave me a lot of valuable help. You not only wrote a remendation(推荐) for me to Professor Wells who works in the Sydney University but also gave me careful and patient instructions on how to fill the application forms and write the application letters.
It is your unreserved(无保留的) help that enables me to obtain this splendid(极好的) opportunity of further education. For the following two years I will study hard to reciprocate(回报) your sincere help and expectations with excellent grades.
Yours truly,
Zhang Ying
2. 道歉信
假设你是李华, 你上星期参观伦敦, 当时你爸的一个朋友 Rogers 先生对你照顾有加, 请写封信表达你对他 的感谢。
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Sarah,
I am terribly sorry to tell you that I am unable to attend your birthday party next Thursday evening. That is owing to(因为) the fact that (同位语从句) my younger brother suddenly fell ill and was taken to a hospital this morning. I have to go there immediately and take care of him. As told by the doctor in charge, it will take around five days for him to recover and I have asked my boss for a leave.
I really regret that I cannot go to celebrate your birthday personally and would miss the perfect chance of enjoying myself with all our old friends. I have chosen a small gift for you and will send it to you tomorrow to show my best wishes. Besides, please give my regards to our friends when you meet them at the party.
Cordially, (sincerely ) Li Hua
3. 申请信
假定你是李华,将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知 B & B公司要招聘一名英文秘书, 你很感兴趣,要写一封求职信,包括下列要点:
1.年龄:182.
2. 学习情况:班级前 5,英语口语好
3.兴趣和特长:打字快,喜欢阅读,听音乐
4.性格特点:积极向上
注意:1.词数 100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行为连贯;
3.开头语和结束语己为你写好。
Dear Sir/ Madam,
I learned from the newspaper that your pany needs an English secretary. I’m really interested in this position so I am writing to apply for it.
I’m18 years old and will graduate from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July.I’m an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class of 50 students. I’m good at English, especially spoken English. I often use the puter and I type very fast. In my spare time, I read a lot. Poems are my favorite. I enjoy music very much too. Being an active young person, I like sports and outdoor activities. Besides, I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.
I hope I may be granted(授予) an interview, when I can explain my qualifications(资格, 条件) more fully. I am looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely/Yours, Li Hua
4. 通知
假如你是校学生会主席。新年即将到来,为了帮助你校的外国留学生更好地了解中国文化,学生会将 为他们举办一个新年晚会。请你根据以下提示,用英语向他们发出口头通知。
时间:下周五 6:00— 8:00
地点:教学楼 101室
内容:1.唱中国歌 2.比赛用筷子 3.学习包饺子
注意:1.词数不少于 50; 2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯; 3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
【优秀满分范文】
Good afternoon, everyone. May I have your attention, please?
I ’m the chairman of the Students’ Union. As the New Year is around the corner(即将到来) , w eare going to hold a New Year party for you, which is intended to enable you to have a better understanding of Chinese culture. During the party, not only can you sing a Chinese song, but you will also pete with each other to see how skilled you are at using chopsticks. What’s more, you’ll learn at the party how to make dumplings. Sounds great. doesn’t it? The party is scheduled(计划于) in Room 101of the Teaching Building from 6:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m. next Friday.
Please make sure you won’t miss it. Thank you for your attention.
5. 邀请信
你们班同学打算周六去爬香山。请给外教 Chris 写一封英文信,邀请他参加此次活动。具体内容如下:
1. 时间:8am — 5 pm;
2. 集合地点:校门口;
3. 交通工具:公交车;
4. 携带物品:雨具,午餐,相机。
注意:1. 词数不少于 50;
2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Chris,
I’m writing to tell you that we intend to climb the Fragrant Hill this Saturday and I sincerely invite you to go with us on behalf of our class.
We are supposed to gather at the school gate and set out at 8:00 am sharp. The bus will serve as our transportation. We will climb to the top of the hill and enjoy our piic lunch there, so please take some food with you as lunch. At about 2:00 pm. We will go down the hill along another path and return to our school at about5.00pm. You may equip yourself with a camera to record the beautiful scenery and an umbrella or a raincoat is also necessary in case you are caught in a rain. Please spare some time to join us.
Your participation can surely add color to our trip and we are all looking forward to your involvement.
Yours,
Joe
6. 建议信
假定你是李华,你所喜爱的 Global Mirror 周报创刊五周年之际征集读者意见.请你依据以下内容给主 编写封信,内容主要包括:1.说明你是该报的忠实读者
2.说明该报优点:1) 兼顾国内外新闻 2)介绍名人成功故事
3.提出建议:刊登指导英语学习的文章
注意:1.词数 100左右,开头语己为你写好;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Editor-in-Chief,
Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Global Mirror!
I’m a regular reader of your newspaper. I like it so much that I hardly miss any copy.
There are many advantages of Global Mirror. Firstly, Global Mirror covers both national and international news. By simply turning the pages, I can know all important things that have happened both home and abroad. Besides, the success stories of world-famous people are also attractive to me, which help me learn a lot from them. In a word, thanks to Global Mirror, we are well-informed and keep up with the changing world.
As a young student, I wish that I can be a master of English language. Therefore, I suggest that Global Mirror provide s about English learning for us.
Finally, I hope that Global Mirror will bee more and more popular. Thank you for your time!
Sincerely yours, Li Hua
7. 求助信
假设你是李华,你的美国朋友 Tom 上个月来到北京学习。七月份你将去北京参加暑期中学生英语演讲 比赛 (speech contest), 你在资料搜集、 语言运用等方面遇到了困难。 请根据以下要点给 Tom 写一封电子邮 件:
1. 询问 Tom 的生活和学习情况;
2. 谈谈你的困难并请 Tom 帮忙;
3. 告诉 Tom 你打算赛后去看他。
注意 :
1. 词数 :120— 150;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
How is it going these days? I keep wondering how you feel about your school life in Beijing. Have you got used to the life in China? Are you enjoying your life? I hope you are.
Let me tell you a piece of good news: I’m going to take part in an English speech contest of middle school students in July in the ing summer vacation. So I’m busy preparing for it. But now I have some difficulty in collecting useful information and using proper English word to express my thoughts. Besides, I really want to improve my spoken English, especially the pronunciation and intonation(语调) . Of course, as a native English speaker, you can give me some suggestions.
In addition, I’m going to visit you after the contest. I’m sure we will have a wonderful time together in Beijing! I can hardly wait to see you! I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
8. 投诉信
你是李华,两周前你从网上一套书虫系列读物(Bookworm Series )昨天才到货,且包装破损,数量不 足。请就此向网店客服写邮件投诉。要点如下:
1. 介绍购物情况
2. 反映存在问题
3. 提出解决方案
注意:
1. 词数 100词左右
2. 可适当增加细节,使行文连贯
3. 开头结尾已给出,不计入总词
可能用到的生词:投诉 plaint n.
【优秀满分范文】
To whom it may concern,
I am one of your customers(顾客 ). I ordered(订购) a set of(一套 ) Bookworm Series on your website two weeks ago, but I didn’t receive them until yesterday. And much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. To make matters worse, it is not a plete set, as I found one book missing.
I am sorry to have received such poor service, and I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with this problem. I hope that you either return my money or deliver a new set of books to me. Besides, I’d like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my plaint.
Looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely, Li Hua
9. 祝贺信
假如你是李华,你的好友魏芳在中学生英语演讲比赛中荣获一等奖。请你根据以下内容,给她写一封 祝贺信。
内容包括:1. 表达你的愉悦心情; 2. 向她表示祝贺; 3. 请她介绍成功的经验。
注意:1. 词数 100左右; 2. 开头和结尾已为你写好,但不计入总词数; 3. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连 贯。
参考词汇:英语演讲比赛 the English Speech Contest
Dear Wei Fang,
I hear that you have won first prize in the English Speech Contest of Middle School Students, so I’m writing to give my sincere congratulations.
You don’t know how excited I was when I heard the good news. As your best friend, I am proud of you! Your pronunciation and fluent English left me with deep impression. It came as no surprise to me that you won the contest. Could you share with me how you improve your spoken English? Your experience will be of great help to me in learning.
I will be grateful if you can write me back and give me your advice. I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
10. 求职信
假如你是李华,从报纸上看到中老年英语培训机构 Mid . Senior ESCH面向高中毕业生招聘暑期兼职辅 导员,负责学员课间服务事项。请根据下面的广告内容用英语写一份求职信。
ASSISITANTS WANTED
Valuable chances are open for high school graduates who are good at English. Their work is to tend the senior students during the break.
Requirements attached:1. Good at English. 2. Experienced priority.
Contact us by e-mail:E nglishtec@163. .
注意:1.短文词数 100字左右; 2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称;
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Director:
I’d like to apply for the post of assistant which was advertised in the newspaper. I found this position quite appealing to me.
I’ve just graduated from high school. Luckily I am good at English and I can speak English fluently. In addition, I have previous experience. During my stay in middle school, I used to be a volunteer and looked after the old people in a nursing home on weekends.
In short, I believe my experience and fluent oral English will be a great help for me in doing the work. I’m available for interview at any time. It would be appreciated if I can get your offer.
Sincerely, Li Hua
作文八:《高中英语10大写作体裁优秀范文全集》900字
高中英语 10大写作体裁优秀范文全集
1. 感谢信
假设你是李华, 梁教授去年六月推荐你去悉尼大学深造, 现在你已经被悉尼大学 化学学院录取,请写封信向梁教授表示感谢。
【优秀满分范文】
Dear Professor Liang,
I am writing to extend my gratitude to you. Because of your help, now I am a student of Chemistry Department of Sydney University.
Last June, when I applied to bee a graduate student of Sydney University, you really gave me a lot of valuablehelp. You not only wrote a remendation (推荐) for me to Professor Wells who works in the Sydney University, but also gave me careful and patient instructions on how to fill the application forms and write the application letters.
It is your unreserved(无保留的) help that enables me to obtain this splendid (极好的) opportunity of further education. For the following two years I will study hard to reciprocate(回报) your sincere help and expectations with excellent grades.
Yours truly,
Zhang Ying
2. 道歉信
假设你是新华中学的学生李华,你和在上海上学的英国朋友 Tom 约好下周末去 北京旅游,但你因故不能赴约。请根据以下要点用英语给他写一封电子邮件:
作文九:《高中英语教学随笔》2600字
如何进行高中英语阅读理解教学
二理英语组 危广玲
阅读理解既是英语学习和测试的重要手段,又是英语学习最终目的的体现,是英语的直接使用。根据近年来英语高考题的分析,我们知道:阅读理解题量加大,分值占50分。文章的难度均高于中学课本。考题分为客观理解题(即理解文中的具体事实或抽象概念)和主观理解题(即通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深理解,并据此进行判断和推理)。依据这些要求,高中的阅读理解教学该如何进行呢,下面是笔者根据自己多年的教学实践谈几点思考,以抛砖引玉,与同行共同探讨。
一、阅读理解教学对教师的素质要求。
阅读理解教学对教师的素质要求颇高,教师不能只求稳妥,不求创新,缺乏创新意识,不能对学生的回答过早下结论,限制学生对其它答案的寻求。课堂教学应有民主、轻松、和谐的气氛。教学方法应多样化,并要求运用现代化教学手段,力争最大限度地激发学生的阅读兴趣和求知欲望。
阅读教学要求教师有较广的知识面,对国外的社会文化背景、习俗、思维习惯、风土人情要有所了解。在教学中,教师要自始至终把创新思维贯穿在整个教学过程中,以不断诱发学生思考。教师对各种题材的文章要熟悉,并熟悉常见题型。备课时要问问自己是否“吃透”了文章。只有教师本人对文章的剖析相当透彻,才能步步引导学生如何把握文章,如何寻找确切信息,诱导学生归纳规律,激发思维,提高学生的语篇领悟能力和分析能力。
阅读教学要求教师应具备人格魅力。学生是否对阅读材料感兴趣,是否能主动、积极、愉快地投入学习,很大程度上取决于对老师的好感,即所谓“亲其师,信其道”。不容否认,教师的人格特征中有两个重要的因素对于教学效果起着显著的影响:一是教师对学生亲情般的关爱;二是教师富于激励和想象的能力倾向。教师应凭借自己丰富的想象力来捕捉学生智慧的火花和灵感,善于引导他们去质疑,去探索一篇又一篇文章的精髓。
二、阅读理解教学的一些做法。
,、课程安排和选材。
每周开设一节阅读课是必不可少的,并应选用精典的,具有时代气息的人文科学等题材。不做毫无意义的题目,要做精炼的,具有代表性的。在课堂中,教师应超越教材,加大信息输入量。这样做不但有利于扩大学生的知识面,而且能激发学生的学习兴趣,满足学生的求知欲。学生具有很大的学习潜能,只要教师能根据学生的实际,精心选材和设计考题,就能取得理想的教学效果。
,、课文教学和阅读理解教学相结合。
教师应首先根据不同题材的课文,采用灵活的方法导入课文,使学生能整体感知课文内容,把握大意,了解作者的思路。教师要帮助学生理出关键词语,领悟作者是如何表达主题的,并精心设计题目,引导学生做深层推断题;还可进行词义、句意理解的训练。
The writer wanted,,,,,,
总之,在课文教学中,教师要有目的地培养学生良好的阅读能力,使他们对文章的各层次各段之间的逻辑关系有所把握,再让学生浏览测试题目,通晓各题的考查内容。然后从文章中抓准确凿的证据,以求选出最佳答案。
但是,仅仅停留在课本上是完全不行的,必须超越课本。教师的角度应站得高。
,、广泛选题,扩大阅读量。要帮助学生克服对部分题材的畏难情绪。选材必须多样化,无论是社会科学,人文科学,还是自然科学,名人轶事,风俗习惯,历史地理,都要涉及。
,、指导学生做猜测词义的题目。要帮助学生树立猜测生词的信心,学会根据上下文、生词与文中已知部分的逻辑关系,运用对照、因果、逻辑和构词法等来猜测词义。例如在一文中有这样一句:The records we've chosen for you are from classical western music,Indian music,pop and a Negro
spiritual(根据上文中提到的music, 可以推断出a Negro spiritual这个单词的意思是music一类的song,而不是poem , sentence , 或 . 再如:Stephen Hawking's book“On History of Time”
is perhaps a book on____________.,(space ,(history ,、physics ,(biology
我们根据上文中有he took his doctor's degree in physics这样一句, 可以推断出正确答案应为,。
,、如何做主观理解题。
对高考阅读理解题中的逻辑推理题,学生往往根据自己个人的看法去凭空想象,任意发挥,而走入误区。因此教师必须指导学生进行合乎逻辑的思考、分析,按上下文提供的线索,从字里行间的信息,挖掘文章的深层函义。阅读理解可由低到高分为三个阶段:即表层理解、深层理解和评价性理解。表层理解是指理解文章的字面意思与细节;深层理解要求读者能弄清作者的言外之意,即对文章的各个层次的理解。教师应教会学生运用主题句去推测、揣摩文字背后作者的意图,运用归纳、对比、演绎技能,运用背景知识去挖掘文章深层含义,从而正确理解作者的言外之意。同时认真体会文章的语气与感情基调(如:否定、厌恶、反问、讽刺等)。可设计以下题型,解题时应指导学生把握文中的全部信息和事实,然后客观、正确、透彻地理解作者观点。
,、用现代化教学手段进行教学。
教师可以在计算机上设立个人主页,输入或下载一些具有时代气息的文章,或风趣的,或与某个话题有关的,让学生阅读,借以提高他们的鉴赏能力和阅读速度。这样的阅读课,信息量大,并且可以集文字、声音、图像和动画与一体,生动直观,收效甚好。
综上所述,阅读理解教学需要教师的高素质,及高度的责任心。教学中应注重方法,注重实践,一步一个脚印,这样才能不断提高学生的阅读理解能力。
二理英语组 危广玲
作文十:《高中英语教学随笔》3600字
高中英教学随笔语语语语语
本人担任高中英教学工作,高中学生的自身特点:他大语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语多数同学来自城外村地区,由于村地区教育相落后,语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语英学不重,由于自身有自卑心理,不敢口英,语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语加之没有掌握适当的学英的方法,致上不起英学的极语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语性,学生只是消极被地去接受知,达不到期的理想效果。然而语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语年段学生的点是上极活,手能力,同学之有强
相互争的意。如何在教学程中利用些点呢,在语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
践中我深切感到在堂上置游,能激活堂,学生自主学语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语的能力,培学生英学的趣,使他成堂的主体。
在一下我堂游教学的一些浅的和不成熟的看法。语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
一、适量的堂游能最大限度地学生的主体性语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语从得知的角度,学生不是知的被接受者,而
是知的主学者。有学者,尽可能使学生成自主语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语而自的思考者。从展能力的角度,能力的形成和语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
展永源于主体的极程,如果离主体去不断地极活语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语,那就没有什智力的力可言。就充分明学生的主体
作用是挖掘学生最大潜力、促学生全面展的必要条件。施素语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语教育,在于醒教育的主体自,启学生学的内力。语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语因没有教育的主体自,学生只能是一群被人赶的语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
羊。堂游正是以学生自己的活中心,学生能普遍语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语、手、口广泛地行交流信息,于自的主体地位
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语学生极探求知、展能力提供了广泛的空和深度。
二、堂游有利于培学生的新意和新能力语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语新是代社会人的素提出的又一基本要求。如
何把新精神穿于堂教学的始,使堂出生机和活力,语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语一点就是教在教学学生造一个新的境。堂游恰巧
从根本上改了封教学的沉局面,学生参与到了教学程语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语中来。游走堂,把教授知的程成了在教指下、语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语以学生主体主参与极探索的程,把重授知成了激语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语学生求知欲、好奇心、造精神和学生潜能的学程,把教从真语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语理的代言人、至高无上的威、道授解惑者,改成学生民主、语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语平等、自由地行自我展程的操作者。一个松、广的新语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语境悄然形成,它不断地启、学生在学到本知的同,也培语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语了他的造能力。学生的个性在游中得到尊重,尊重语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
个性就是尊重造。面学生,我永充信任和期待,以的语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语春放一春蕾,用信任的目光启一个心灵的宝语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语每每,使新教育在英堂上得到真正的体。语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
三、堂游有利于培立学生的合作精神和意语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语代教育主不使学生学会学、学会心、学会造,
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语要学会合作。社会展越来越向于集体意,善于合作被作强
人的一基本素提了出来。一个人若想生存,就必语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
度,学会在合作的基上争,在争的程中合作。语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
因此,大力培学生的合作精神,引他消除自我封的心语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语理,妥善理好各人系,已成在我面语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语前一刻不容的语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语巨任。幸运的是,堂游恰好帮助我改了老的一言堂,语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语辟了生、学生平等交流的好所。知、能力、性格等方面各有差异的学生集合在一起,去人的光点来启语语语语语语语语语语语语迪自己的思。在游中,知、能力、性语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语格得到了相互碰撞和升语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语。在游中,学生不学会了听,学会了美,学会了批语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语,学会了接受,而且展自我、了自我、完善了自我,使个性得到了和语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语健康地展,同也成了他的合作精神。
四、堂游可以学生走生活,语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语拓英学的新天地
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语游,不可以帮助学生学会英,而且会学生懂得如何准确地运用英。一程也正体了言源于生活,又语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语服语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语于生活的道理。堂游帮助学生冲破堂范例的同,使他
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语的英学走了生活。把窗打,清来,使英教学在不断改革中行新。语语语语语
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语在堂游教学中,同的教学内容,教的教法不同,
学生的学效果就不同。教学得当,学生学得松有趣、学的灵活,语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语掌握的就好。反之,教教法不当,学生就学的语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语吃力、枯燥,甚至学。学生的游效果行多方面的语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语化或者鼓励强。在游程中,及
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语学生的光点并予肯定和表,帮助他在游中学,学会、新,从而一语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语化游效果。只有学生在堂步强
上自主地展,语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语才会使他具新人才所需要的品。我在堂上立游,不可以使学生在学中语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语享受到快,而且语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语可以展学生的各素。因此,游走堂,不但可以使我的英教学出新的生语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语命,而且能拓学生学语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语英的新天地。我在今后的教学中不断行探索与
新,游走堂,我的英流光语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语溢彩,活力四射。
语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语之,游是教学的一助性手段,堂中运用游是了更好地完成教学任。因此,恰当地语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语确定堂游内容的原就是教学语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语服,学生展服,决不能游而游。就教学而言,恰当地语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语确定堂游做到三点:
第一,在堂教学的语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语准部分,了培学生的学趣,提高
学生的主性、自性,就用趣语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语,便于集中强注意力味性,而且又能有效达到最佳状语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语的游。第二,在堂教学的中心,我可以根语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语据教学内容与教学相适的游,把基本
言知语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语排在生活又能达到技能要求的游中。一的
游把握机而行,只有语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语才能达到游的最佳效果。第三,在堂教学后期,可以语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语采用一些松快且富有性的游,学生在语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语享受游快的同,使自己掌握的英知再一次得到巩固和升。