作文一:《英语中考题》11400字
二、单项填空(共15小题。计15分)
选择最佳答桊。
21. English is my favorite subject, and I am good ______ it.
A. for B. to C. at D. of
22. Did you know that the Garth is home to ______ animals?
A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of
23. The family had to stay at the hotel, ______ it was raining hard.
A. because B. although C. until D. unless.
24. Life is ______ dictionary. We should learn directly from it.
A. we B. us C. our D. ours
25. Traveling to space is no longer just a dream. Russia ______ the first hotel in space in the near future.
A. builds B. will build C. built D. has built
26. Many students c from poor families and they ______ afford school lunches, so the government is trying to help them.
A. needn’t B. shouldn't C. can’t D. mustn’t
27. China plans to let tourists ______ the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea this year.
A. visit B. visits C. visiting D. visited
28. I asked two people the way to the station, but ______ of them could help me.
A. both B. neither C. either D. all
29. It ______ Mi Green an hour to fix up his bicycle yesterday.
A. cost B. paid C. spent D. took
30. Breakfast is ______ meal of the day. It provides us with energy after a long night without food.
A. important B. more important C. the most important D. very important
31. If you love what you are doing and work hard, you will ______ anything difficult and succeed.
A. get to B. get over C. get on D. get up
32. — ______ have you lived with your grandparents?
—About three years.
A. How long B. How many C. How much D. How often
33. Every year, more than 70,000,000 sharks ______ for their fins (鱼翅).
A. were killed B. have killed C. are killed D. will kill
34. I wonder _______ on April 23, World Book Day. Did you find some interesting books to read?
A. what did you do B. what you did C. what do you do D. what you do
35. — We are going on a school trip tomorrow.
— ______.
A. Excuse me B. I’m sorry to hear that C. You’re wele D. Have a good time
三、完形填空(共10小题.计10分) 根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
We are now living in the 21st century. Is your classroom living in the 21st centuiy, too? Tony is a student in
Grade 8 at an American middle school. He was surprised when he saw his modern 36 on his first day of schobl.
In Tony’s classroom, there are many new electronics (电子设备) like iPads. This semester, they will 37
the electronics to take notes, watch videos and do projects and homework. “It’s 38 ”said Tony. “I prefer
using an iPad to work on math or other projects 39 my team members.”
The school uses new technology‘(技术)in classrooms to help students see, hear, touch and sometimes experience their tasks, technology is pretty mon in most of our classrooms now,” the head teacher said. “We
are trying to use technology to 40 the world to kids. It can bring the outside world in.”
Science teacher Mr Miller agrees. “It is a 41 way for students to know the outside world,” he said.
Mr Miller now regards himself as a guide of learning 42 as a teacher. “If they have a question for me, I will try to teach them 43 to find the answers rather than tell them what the answers are,” he said.
Dale, another student, loves technology. He was not really interested in class before, 44 now he likes the classes very much. “It helps me use what I know about technology at school,” Dale said. “Most importantly, I 45 the classroom. This, of course, will help my studies.”
36. A. dormitory B. playground C. library D. classroom
37. A. allow B. use C. want D. help
38. A. boring B. relaxing C. amazing D. disappointing
39. A. on B. by C.at D. with
40. A. open up B. look up C. put up D. call up
41. A. wrong B. slow C. quick D. bad
42. A. because of B. instead of C. according to D. thanks to
43. A. why B. what C. when D. how
44. A. but B. and C. or D. so
45. A. stand B. hate C. enjoy D. dislike
四. 阅读理解
(一)阅读短文,完成46—55小题。(共10小娌,计10分)
A
Jeff has an illness. He is recording (录音)his words so that his little son will be able to hear his voice in the future.
Jeff caught the illness in 2011. The doctor told him that he might have only two to five years to live and the illness would make him lose his voice, so he decided to record his voice for his 13-month-otd son, Bill.
His wife Gina said, “Jeff used to play and sing in a band, so his voice is important to him. I can't imagine not having his voice around. I would certainly like Bill to know his father's voice in this way.”
Jeff and his wife hope that they can save his real voice for their little son. He now spends his weekends and evenings recording his voice. Their little son, Bill, will feel his parents’ love when he grows up.
根据短文内容,判断下列句子正误。正确的用‘A”表示,不正确的用“B”表示?
46. Jeff caught the illness in 2011.
47. Jcff’s illness would make him bee blind.
48. Jeff still plays and sings in a band now.
49. Jeff now spends his weekends and evenings recording his voice.
50. The parents hope that Bill will feel their love by hearing his father’s voice.
B
DNA is the whole “map” of the human body. It is something that all humans have, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that we look like our parents, because we get some of their DNA to make our own.
People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time. In I860, Mr Mendel discovered why we look the same as other people in our family. It is because of small things called “genes”(基因) in our body. In
1953, two scientists, Watson and Crick, found out that those small parts are really messages. They’re written in the DNA with a special language.
In 1961, another two scientists found the first “word” that they could understand in that language. It shows how
DNA tells the cell (细胞)to build its parts,(有几个单词看不清) the words in the DNA map, but we still do not
understand what they all do. By understanding what just one “word” means, we can help to save people from
several illnesses. So the more we understand, the more doctors will be able to do.
Most people hope that this will help to make better medicine and help sick people: Other people worry that when wc Icam more “words” and find out more information, we will use it in the wrong way, just to make people more attractive (有吸引力的), or stop sick people getting jobs.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。
51. When did Mr Mendel discover why we look the same as other people in our family?
A. In 2000. B. In 1961. C. In 1953. D. In 1860.
52. What did the two scientists find in 1961? They found ______.
A. all the words in the DNA map
B. small things called “genes” in our body
C. the first “word” they could understand in that language
D. those small parts arc written in the DNA with a special language 53. How can we help sick people if we understand more “words” in the DNA map?
A. Make better medicine. B. Make them get jobs.
C. Make maps for them. D. Make them attractive. 54. Which one is not true according to the ?
A. Wc look like our parents because of “genes” in our body.
B. We have understood what all the words in the DNA map do.
C. DNA is the whole “map” of the human body.
D. DNA tells the cell to build its parts.
55. What do people think about this research about DNA?
A. It can be only bad. B. It can be only good.
C. It can be good but won’t work. D. It can be good and bad.
六、词形转换(共6小题,计6分) 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空,毎空格限填一词。
71. Li Ma is an outstanding tennis ___________ (play).
72. Be __________ (care) when you cross the street.
73. October is the ___________ (ten) month of the year. 74. Recently, scientists have found that dogs are ___________ (smart) than cats. 75. Such an important problem should be discussed __________ (serious). 76. Anna had a fever yesterday, so she was __________ (able) to go to school. 七、完成句子(共6小题.计12分)
按括号内要求完成下列句子,毎空格限填一词。
77. There are some flowers in the garden. (改为一般疑问句)
________ ________ any flowers in the garden?
78. Lisa bought a souvenir in the Gift Shop yesterday. (改为否定句〉
Lisa _______ ________a souvenir in the Gift Shop yesterday. 79. David is playing basketball in the playground now. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ playing basketball in the playground now? 80. You shouldn’t arrive late for class. (改为祈使句)
________ ________ late for class.
81. The boys were too tired to walk on. (改为同义句)
The boys were ________ tired ________ they couldn't walk on. 82. The teacher has told us how we should improve our speaking skills. (改为简单句)
The tcachcr has told us how ________ ________our speaking skills. 八、短文填空(共12小题,计12分)
A)在短文的空格内填入适当的词,使其内容通顺,每空格限填一词,词首字母已给。
Last Sunday the Browns t to the park. They got home very late. Father opened the fiont door and they both
t into the house. It was very d 83 so Mother turned on the light. On the way to their bedroom, Mother
said, “John, l 84 ! I can hear someone in the bedroom.
They stood quietly outside the bedroom door. They could hear some v 85 in the room.
“You’re right,” Father said. “There are two men in it. They are talking.” Then he shouted, “Who is there?” But n 86 answered. Father opened the door quickly and turned on the light. The room was e 87 . Then Father found something and laughed. The radio was still on! “I f 88 to turn it off this morning,” Father said. Then he turned it off.
答案:83. d________ 84.1________ 85. v________
86. n________ 87. e ________ 88. f________
B)用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,必要时可加助动词或情态动词.
The first chocolatc was enjoyed by the people in Central and South America hundreds of years ago. In those days, the cocoa bean (可可豆)was used to make a chocolate drink. Much later, it 89 (bring) to Europe.
In 1824, Mr Cadbury opened a small shop in the United Kingdom. He sold chocolate drink. In 1831, he opened a factory to make chocolate drink. Mr Cadbury believed that wine was bad and he wanted 90 (encourage) people to drink chocolate instead. A few years later, a man 91 (invent) a way to make chocolate bars (块),and
so people had the chance to eat chocolate instead of only drinking it.
At first only dark chocolate was made. Milk chocolate came later and it was made by 92 (add) milk to the chocolate. Mr Cadbury made their first milk chocolate bar in 1897. Their most famous chocolate, Cadbury Milk Bar, was made in 1905. It 93 (be) popular for over 100 years. The Cadbury factoiy still 94 (make) chocolate in the United Kingdom, and the chocolate is eaten all over the world. Every year, thousands of visitors go to the factory to see how chocolate is made.
答案:89. ________ 90. ________ 91. ________92.________ 93.________ 94.________
九.书面表达(计15分)
假定你是王林,你的英国笔友Heleri在做有关也界各国中学生如何过周未的调查。她给你
发了一封电子邮件,想了解相关情况。请认真阅读下面的邮件,根据邮件中的内容和你的实际情况用英语
回复,可适当发挥。
注意:1. 不少于60词,开头和结尾已经写好,不计人总词数。
2. 回复中不得出现任何人名、校名及其它相关信息,否则不予评分。
Subject: Weekends From: Helen
Dear Wang Lin,
I’m doing a survey on how students spend their weekends around the world. I need your help. Could you please answer the following questions?
How do you usually relax yourself on weekends?
Do you do chores at home? Why or why not?
What do you wamt to do most? And why?
Thanks,
Helen
Subjcct: Weekends From: Wang Lin
Dear Helen,
Thank you for your email. I would like to answer your questions.
作文二:《名著中考题》19500字
(浙江温州2006年中考题)某班要举办一次“文学沙龙”活动,其中有个项目是“读名著,对对子”。现在邀请你参加这个项目的活动。请你根据上联,完成下联。
[参考人物]孔明、悟空、武松、黛玉……
上联:废寝忘食香菱苦学诗
下联:__________________
“运筹帷幄孔明巧摆阵”,“感恩图报孔明诚辅蜀”。
(陕西课改区2006年中考题)文学名著陶冶着我们的性情,砥砺着我们的意志,丰富着我们的情感和想象。《三国演义》中关羽_____________的故事让我们看到了一个英勇无畏的形象;罗曼?罗兰的《名人传》为我们展现出______________、米开朗琪罗、列夫?托尔斯泰的崇高人格和生命激情……
刮骨疗毒(单刀赴会,千里走单骑或过五关斩六将等);《灰姑娘(白雪公主,小红帽,青蛙王子,大拇指等)》;贝多芬。
结合你所读过的文学名著,完成下列句子。
读古今中外的名著,不仅可以学到丰富的知识,而且能够了解社会,懂得人生道理。从吴承恩《西游记》里孙悟空的身上,我们能学到爱憎分明的品格;从老舍《______________》里祥子的遭遇中,我们能了解到旧社会的黑暗;从罗贯中《三国演义》里______________的身上,我们能学到忠诚和智慧;从笛福《鲁滨逊漂流记》里鲁滨逊的身上,我们能体会到________________的精神。
为了打造绿色精神家园,学校开展了营造书香校园的“名著竞读”活动。请你从《西游记》、《水浒》、《钢铁是怎样炼成的》三部名著中任选一个典型人物,按下面两个栏目完成一期黑板报内容的撰稿。
?“名著人物”形象栏。(写出人名评价其性格特点)(1分)
?“读后一得”交流台。(写出你对此人物或此情节感受最深的一点体会)(2分) 答案:?《西游记》中的孙悟空本领高强~勇敢机智、爱憎分明又很幽默。
?在“三打白骨精”中~孙悟空三次识破妖精的诡计……
名著阅读。(5分)
《西游记》中,猪八戒的形象令人捧腹,请简述一则表现猪八戒憨厚可爱或忠勇善良的故事。(字数50左右)
答案:A 示例?唐僧师徒受阻于流沙河~猪八戒几次潜入水中勇斗妖怪~和悟空一起保护了唐僧。示例?平顶山上~猪八戒以巡山为借口~想乘机睡觉~不料被悟空识破、跟踪。路上~八戒要小聪明演习如何骗过师傅~没想到睡了一觉~一回来就被悟空揭穿~懂得八戒赶忙求饶。
为了解初中生的课外名著阅读情况,请你设计一种调查方式。(1分)
(2)以下是对100位初中生进行调查后的结果:
《西游记》 《水浒》 《鲁滨逊漂流记》 《钢铁是怎样炼成的》
读过原著的 24人 29人 56人 48人
看过影视的 98人 83人 21人 16人
从表格内容中反映出同学们“名著阅读”存在的问题有:其一,
其二, 。针对这些问题,你提出一点建议:
(6分)。
(3)请从以上几部名著中任选一位你最喜欢的人物作简略介绍。(7分)
人物(名字): 主要性格特征:
相关的一个故事情节 (不少于50字):
答案:,1)(1分)示例:个别采访调查、分发问卷表进行调查、到图书馆调查图书借阅情况等(任选一项作答,表意准确即可)
,2)(6分,每空2分)
,问题,示例:?对于中国古典小说~读原著的人少~看过影视的人多。 ?对于外国名著~读过原著的多~看过影视的少。 ?读过外国名著的人多~读过中国古典小说的人少。 ?看过中国古典名著改编成影视的人~多于看过外国名著改著改编成影视的。 ?读原著的人少~课外阅读情况不尽如人意。,选取其中两项回答问题~意思对即可。,
,3)(7分。人物名字与所介绍的情况相吻合的得1分,主要性格特征2分;故事情节4分,其中情节内容完整3分,语言表达准确、流畅1分)(泉州市)
?名著知识填空。(3分)
易中天在赞扬了我国古典名著中塑造了众多经纶满腹、智慧过人的艺术形象。如有“___________”(鲁达)一直被人们视为是匡扶正义的人,从沙僧身上我们能看到_____________(用短语概括人物的性格牲)从_____________身上我们能看到义的化身从”一年三百六十日,风霜雨雪严相逼我们能读出_______(人名)内心的凄苦”
答案:花和尚,忠厚诚恳,功“任劳任怨”等,,关羽,关云长,,林黛玉。,3分,每答对两空得1分)(临沂市)
?名著阅读。(5分)
再说林冲踏着那瑞雪,迎着北风,飞也似奔到草料场门口,开了锁,入内看时,只叫得苦。那两间草厅,已被雪压倒了。林冲寻思:“怎地好,”放下花枪、葫芦在雪里。恐怕火盆内有火炭延烧起来,搬开破壁子,探半身入去摸时,火盆内火种都被雪水浸灭了。林冲把手床上摸时,只拽得一条絮被。林冲钻将出来,见天色黑了,
寻思:“又被打火处,怎生安排,”想起:“离了这半里路上,有一古庙,可以安身。我且去那里宿一夜,等到天明,却作理会。”把被卷了,花枪挑着酒葫芦,依旧把门拽上,锁了,望那庙里来。入得庙门,再把门掩上,旁边止有一块大石头,掇得过来,*了门。
(1)上面这段文字出自我国古典名著《 》。
(2)从这段文字来看,林冲的主要性格特点是( )
A、疾恶如仇 B、胆小怯懦 C、谨慎细心 D、武艺高强
(3)有关林冲的故事有的已演变成了歇后语。请你完成下列歇后语的填写。(选做两个即可)
示例:林冲看守草料场——英雄无用武之地。
? 林冲上梁山——
? 林冲误闯白虎堂——
? 林冲到了野猪林——
答案:,1)《水浒》(1分) ,2)C ,2分) ,3)(2分)?官逼民反 ?单刀直人?绝处逢生,对1分,得1分),芜湖市,
?读书与积累。(5分)
(1)请在下列名言中任选两句,写出它们分别出自哪部(篇)作品。(2分)
?其实地上本没有路,走的人多了,也便成了路。
?一个人并不是生来要给打败的。你尽可以把他消灭掉,可就是打不败他。
?一个人的生命应当这样度过:当他回首往事的时候,他不因虚度年华而悔恨,也不因碌碌无为而羞愧。
我选择第 句和第 句,它们分别出自 和 。
(2)根据下列提示填空。(3分)
?书中描写了一个勇于挑战的冒险者,他流落荒岛28年,最终顽强地活了下来,这部作品的作者是 (填作家名)。
?他是梁山泊的军师,足智多谋,在108条好汉中排名第三,这个人是 (填人名)。
?《三国演义》中表现关羽意志刚强、胆气过人、不惧疼痛的故事是 。 答案:??《呐喊》或《故乡》 ?《老人与海》 ?《钢铁是怎样炼成的》
??笛福 ?吴用 ?刮骨疗毒,刮骨疗伤,
名著的很多情节脍炙人口。请从下面提供的情节中,任选两个按要求填表。(2分)
?三借芭蕉扇 ?黛玉葬花
?孤独勇士绝望岛遇“星期五” ?风雪山神庙
序 号 出自哪本名著 该情节的主人公
答案:
,1)?《西游记》 孙悟空 ?《红楼梦》林黛玉
?《鲁滨孙(逊)漂流记》 鲁滨孙(逊) ?《水浒》或《水浒传》 林冲 名著阅读。(2分)
我也开始挣钱:我逢休息日,一大早就背着口袋走遍各家的院子,走遍大街小巷去捡牛骨头、破布、碎纸、钉子。一普特破布和碎纸卖给旧货商可以得二十戈比,烂铁也是这个价钱,一普特骨头得十戈比或八戈比。平时放学以后也干这玩意儿,每星期六卖掉各种旧货,能得三十至五十戈比,运气好的时候,卖得更多。外祖母接过我的钱,急忙塞到裙子口袋里,垂下眼睑,夸奖我:“谢谢你,好孩子~咱们俩养活不了自己吗,咱们俩,有什么了不起的~”
?这个片段出自小说《 》。
?文中的“我”是指( )。
A、伊凡 B、米哈伊尔 C、阿廖沙 D、雅科夫
答案:?童年
?C,2分。每小题1分。)(宁波市)
?初中三年,你一定读了很多名著。下面是《水浒》《西游记》中三个精彩的打虎场面,请分别指出打虎英雄的名字。(3分)
?左手紧紧地揪住顶花皮,偷出右手来,提起铁锤般大小的拳头,尽平生之力,只顾打。打到五十七拳,那老虎的眼里、口里、鼻子里、耳朵里都迸出了鲜血。
?拽开步,迎着猛虎,道声:“业畜~哪里去~”那只虎蹲着身,伏在尘埃,动也不敢动,却被他照头一棒,就打得脑浆迸万点桃红,牙齿喷几珠玉块。
?在窝里看得仔细,把刀朝母老虎尾底下,尽平生气力,舍命一戳,正中那母老虎粪门。??那老虎朝他一扑,他不慌不忙,趁着那老虎的势力,手起一刀,正中那老虎颔下。
答案:?武松 ?孙悟空 ?李逵,浙江金华卷,
? 《名人传》是《语文课程标准》推荐的课外读物,根据你对这部名 著的阅读,回答以下两个问题。(4分)
? 这部名著是法国著名作家 的作品。它叙述了贝多芬、 、列夫?托尔斯泰苦难坎坷的一生,赞美了他们高尚的品格和顽强奋斗的精神。
? 请概括叙述其中一位名人的一个典型事例。
答案:(每小题2分,共4分)?罗曼.罗兰:米开朗琪罗;?示例:贝多芬面对高度耳聋的折磨~在生命的最后写出了不朽的《欢乐颂》,米开朗琪罗直到临终前几天还整天站着塑像~终于留下了传世的杰作。,滕州市,
?请将下面《水浒传》中与武松有关的几个事件按时间顺序排列(只写序号)。(2
分)
?打虎景阳冈 ?大闹飞云浦 ?血溅鸳鸯楼 ?醉打蒋门神
答案:????,错一处不得分~共2分)(威海市)
江苏江都大桥镇中学 曹茂盛 整理
1、下面备选的四个情节都出自《课程标准》建议阅读的文学名著中,请任选一个按要求填表。(2006年金华市中考题)
A. 孙悟空三借芭蕉扇
B. .武松打虎
C. 曹家遇险
D. 游小人国时对“高跟”“低跟”党的斗争
序号 出自哪部作品 作者 简要写出书中另一个情节
参考答案:A.《西游记》吴承恩 孙悟空三打白骨精
B.《水浒》 施耐庵 智取生辰纲
C.《骆驼祥子》老舍 怒辞杨宅
D.《格列佛游记》 斯威夫特 游大人国时和国王对话
2、根据有关情节,在空格内填入相应的内容。(2006年宁波中考题)
作者 作品 有关情节
? ---------- ?------------- 刘四爷不同意虎妞的婚事
?---------- ? ------------- “我”在小人国被指控,只得逃跑
参考答案:?老舍 ?《骆驼祥子》 ?斯威夫特 ?《格列佛游记》。
7、名著阅读。请模仿下面对《水浒传》中宋江这个人物的简介,从你读过的文学名著中选择一个人物,作一简单介绍。(2006年常州市中考试题)
宋江,人称及时雨,原为山东郓城县押司。因协助晁盖等逃脱官府缉拿,被其老婆阎婆惜发现。阎婆惜趁机要挟。宋江怒杀阎婆惜,被迫上梁山。后宋江被众好汉推为梁山首领。
答案:不唯一
8、名著阅读考查。按示例写出你所阅读的名著的书名、人物及相关故事名称。(示例中所列各项不可再用)(2006年黔东南州中考试题)
示例:书名:《三国演义》 人物:诸葛亮 故事:草船借箭
参考答案:书名:《西游记》 人物:孙悟空 故事:大闹天宫
9、古往今来,许多文学作品写过石头:女娲曾以石补天,__________曾以石填海,《______________》曾名为《石头记》,______________笔下的美猴王竟是一尊石猴子。(2006年广安市中考试题)
答案:精卫; 红楼梦; 吴承恩。
10、打开名著。(2006年盐城市中考试题)
(1)读到《西游记》第60回,我们知道孙悟空向铁扇公主二调芭蕉扇采用了( )方法。
(2)《鲁滨逊漂流记》结尾告诉我们,鲁滨逊一生中最可怕的一次遇险是( )
答案:(1)假冒牛魔王(2)遭遇三百多个野兽。
11、名著阅读。 “人最宝贵的东西是生命。生命对于我们只有一次。一个人的生命应当这样度过:当他回首往事的时候,他不因虚度年华而悔恨,也不因碌碌无为而羞愧——这样,在临死的时候,他能够说:我整个的生命和全部精力,都已献给世界上最壮丽的事业一一为人类的
解放而斗争。” (2006年徐州市中考试题)
(1)上面这段文字出自《 》,作品的主人公是( )
(2)从整部作品看,主人公是一个怎样的人物形象?
答案:(1)《钢铁是怎样炼成的》 保尔?柯察金。(2)他是一个具有钢铁般的意志和顽强奋斗的品质,不屈服于命运,为理想而献身的英雄战士。
12、章回小说中的回目是对该回内容的概述。下面是《水浒》回目中的几个句子,请任选一句,依据施耐庵《水浒》的内容,将所选句子扩展成一段故事简介。(不少于50字) (2006年厦门市中考试题)
?景阳冈武松打虎 ?武松斗杀西门庆 ?林冲棒打洪教头
?林冲雪夜上梁山 ?鲁提辖拳打镇关西 ?花和尚倒拔垂杨柳
示例:武松来到景阳冈,突然跳出一只老虎。武松抓起梢棒。老虎先是一扑,武松闪过;老虎又把腰胯一掀,武松又躲过;老虎把尾倒竖起来一剪,武松又闪过。武松抡起梢棒,用尽全力一劈,可梢棒劈在树枝上,断了。武松只得空手按住虎头,用脚猛踢,用拳猛打,终于打死了老虎。
答题要求:要有人物和地点、事件,语言表达顺畅。字数不少于50字。但不能脱离原著,另编故事。
13、初中三年,你一定阅读了不少文学名著吧。请从下面备选的人物和故事中,选择相关联的一组,概述所选故事的主要情节。不超过60个字。(2006年淮安中考试题)
备选人物:鲁达 孙悟空 晁盖 诸葛亮
备选故事:三打白骨精 智取生辰纲 拳打镇关西 草船借箭
示例:鲁达拳打镇关西:鲁达听说金氏父女的遭遇很愤怒,在送走金氏父女后,直奔郑屠肉铺,先故意激他出手,然后三拳打死了他,并机智脱身。
14、下面五部名著,均有想象丰富、情节生动曲折、人物形象鲜明的特点。请任选一个特点,从五部名著中找出一个例子,作具体分析。(2006年河南中考试题)
《安徒生童话》 《西游记》 《鲁滨逊漂流记》 《水浒》 《格林童话》
答题要求:例子要与特点一致,并作分析。
15、从下面四位作者中,选出其中一位,完成读书卡片。(2006年重庆中考试题)
吴承恩 施耐庵 安徒生 莫泊桑
读 书 卡 片
作者
作品
人物
与人物相关的故事
答题要求:与人物相关的故事,表述清楚。
16、名著阅读。(2006年泰州中考试题)
(1)《格列佛游记》中格列佛游历了--------- 、---------- 、勒皮他(飞岛)、和慧骃国等四个国家。
(2)《水浒传》里的英雄各有绰号,有些绰号非常有特点,与他的名字构成一定的含义,好象作者在暗示着什么。例如:及时雨宋江——雨是很及时,但是却“送”(取“宋”的谐音)入江中去了,又有什么意义呢,你能举出这样的一个例子并作简要分析吗,
答案:(1)小人国、大人国(2)示例:智多星吴用——智是很多的,但是在接受招安的背景
下却“吴”(取“无”的谐音)用,能有什么回天之力呢,
2007年名著复习题精选(含答案)
1.读下面一段文字,回答问题。
狗衔着一块肉过河,望见自己在水里的影子,以为是另外一只狗衔着更大的肉。他于是放下自己这块肉,冲过去抢那块。结果,两块肉都没有了。
这个故事出自哪部名著,它告诉我们一个什么道理,
答案举例:《伊索寓言》。贪得无厌的结果是什么也得不到。
2.名著导读。书目:《西游记》、《水浒传》、《鲁滨逊漂流记》、《钢铁是怎样炼成的》、《骆驼祥子》。
(1)请从上述书目中选择一部你熟悉的作品,对其中你喜欢的一个人物进行简要评析。
作品:《 》 人物: 人物评析:
答案举例:作品:西游记。人物:孙悟空。人物评析:他爱憎分明,坚定执着,有勇有谋;他降妖除魔,嫉恶如仇;他吃苦耐劳,有责任感。
(2)谈谈你阅读课外读物的方法以及该读物带给你的收获。
答案举例:?方法:略读,泛读,浏览,细读,精读;方式:摘抄,做读书卡片,写读后感,写人物评论……?收获:示例1:吴承恩在吸纳民间故事的基础上,以丰富的想象,极度的夸张,以浪漫主义的创作手法描述了唐僧师徒西天取经的故事,同时塑造了孙悟空等一系列典型人物,这种写法值得我学习。示例2:《西游记》中,唐僧目标明确,意志坚定,虽历遭劫难,却矢志不移,在他的带领下,师徒四人终于取得了真经,这种精神值得我学习。
3.语文科陈老师得知李欣然同学最近常在课堂上看《三国演义》后,打算找她谈话,以达到既保护她课外阅读的积极性,又能引导她重视课堂学习的目的。如果你是陈老师,你怎么说才能使李欣然同学乐于接受你的意见呢?
答案举例:《三国演义》确实是一本好书,但如果在课堂上偷偷地看,既影响课堂学习,又使阅读乐趣大打折扣,何不课后才看呢?
4.读下面一则寓言,概括其寓意。
一个小男孩问上帝:“一万年对你来说有多长?”上帝回答:“像一分钟。”小男孩又问上帝:“一百万元对你来说有多少?”上帝回答说:“像一元。”小男孩再问上帝:“那你能给我一百万元吗?”上帝回答说:“当然可以,只要你给我一分钟。”
答案举例:凡事不会伸手而得,需要付出时间和代价。(或:时间是极其宝贵的,一寸光阴一寸金。
5. (1)读到《西游记》第60回,我们知道孙悟空向铁扇公主二调芭蕉扇采用了 方法。
(2)《鲁滨逊漂流记》结尾告诉我们,鲁滨逊一生中最可怕的一次遇险是 。
答案举例:假冒牛魔王(2分)。 (2)遭遇三百多个野兽。
6.课堂内外,我们已接触了不少中外文学名著,请从供选篇目中任选一部,填写下面的读书卡片。(供选篇目:《西游记》、《水浒传》、《鲁滨逊漂流记》、《哈利?波特与魔法石》)
答案举例:?《西游记》。吴承恩。前几回写孙悟空出世和大闹天宫;后面写他与猪八戒、沙和尚一同保护唐僧西天取经,一路上,他们降妖伏魔,历尽千难万险。书中充分表现了孙悟空的神异本领和大无畏的斗争精神。
?《水浒传》。施耐庵。写的是以宋江为首的一百零八位英雄好汉,聚义在梁山水泊,杀富济贫,抗拒官府,造反起义的故事。塑造了一群反抗压迫的英雄形象,反映了官逼民反的主题。
?《鲁滨逊漂流记》。笛福。小说写水手鲁滨逊遭遇海难,漂流到孤岛顽强生存二十多年的故事。歌颂了人类的冒险精神和生存意志。
?《哈利?波特与魔法石》。罗琳。哈利?波特从小失去父母,缺乏关爱,十一岁那年,他来到了神奇的魔法学校,这里诡谲离奇,不可思议。种种神秘而有趣的经历,友谊的力量,正义与邪恶的较量,与命运抗争的勇气都在书中表现得震撼人心。
7.从你渎过的文学名著中列举一个能体现“吃苦经历是人成长的养分”的情节或故事,填写下表:
(1)作者: (2)著作名称:
(3)主要人物: (4)相关情节或故事:
答案举例:吴承恩;《西游记》;唐僧师徒;唐僧师徒一路斩妖除魔,历经八十一难,取回真经而成佛。
8.初中三年,在老师的指导下,你一定读了不少文学名著,请按要求做一个简要的读书卡片。
分类 ;书名;作者;印象最深的人物;该人物形象给你的人生启示。
答案举例:《水浒传》;施耐庵;鲁智深;做人要爱憎分明,嫉恶如仇。
9.《西游记》是我国四大古典文学名著之一,请你写出其中你最喜欢的一个人物和他(她)的主要性格特征。
答案举例:
?孙悟空:聪明活泼、勇敢忠诚、敢于斗争、胸有大局的理想化的英雄。
?唐僧:虔诚执著的佛教徒。
?猪八戒:能吃苦耐劳、对师傅忠心耿耿。
?沙僧:忠厚诚恳、任劳任怨。
10.名著阅读。
A 相了相,走到树前,把直裰脱了,用右手向下,把身倒缴着;却把左手扳住上截,把腰只一趁,将那株绿杨树带根拔起(众泼皮见了,一齐拜倒在地,只叫:“师父非是凡人,正是真罗汉!身体无千万斤气力,如何拔得起!”这段文字出自古典名著《 》,文段中的A的姓名是 ;在名著中这个人物的主要性格特征是 ;请你用简洁的语句写出关于A的另一个故事: 。
答案举例:《水浒传》;鲁智深或鲁达;见义勇为或嫉恶如仇;人物故事示例:拳打镇关西、火烧瓦官寺、大闹野猪林、大闹桃花村、二龙山落草等。
11.古往今来,许多文学作品写过石头:女娲曾以石补天,______曾以石填海,《_______》曾名为《石头记》,______笔下的美猴王竟是一尊石猴子。
答案举例: 精卫;红楼梦;吴承恩。
12.名著阅读(5分)
阅读下面语段,回答问题。
孔明于十一月二十曰甲子吉辰,沭浴斋戒,身披道衣,跣足散发,来到坛前。吩咐守坛将士:“不许擅离方位。不许交头接耳。不许失口乱言。不许失惊打怪。如违令者斩!”众皆领命。孔明缓步登坛,观瞻方位已定,焚香于炉,注水于盂,仰天暗祝。下坛入帐中少歇,令军士更替吃饭。孔明一日上坛三次,下坛三次。……将近三更时分,怨听风声响,旗幡转动。瑜出帐看时,旗脚竟飘西北——霎时同东南风大起。
(1)以上选段出自中国古典名著《 》,作者是元末明初的小说家 。
(2)试用简洁的语言概括这个故事情节。
(3)从上面语段看,诸葛亮是一个怎样的人,请你从原著中再找出一个有关诸葛亮的故事,
用一句话概括出来。
答案举例:
(1)三国演义;罗贯中。
(2)七星坛孔明借东风或诸葛亮借东风(借东风)
(3)诸葛亮是个足智多谋,料事如神,上知天文,下知地理的人。舌战群儒、智激孙权、巧说周瑜、草船借箭、三气周瑜、六出祁连、七擒孟获、空城计、病死五丈原等。
13.学校“春草文学杜”要举办一个“走进文学”的活动,要求参与者用精练的语言从作品内容、主题思想、人物形象、写作方法中选择一个方面对文学名著进行评点。如果你也是其中的一名参与者,请从以下作品中选择一部或其中的一篇,作出评点。供选作品:《水浒传》《佛游记》《钢铁是怎样炼成的》。
答案举例:
《水浒传》:鲁智深路见不平,拔刀相助,尽显侠肝义胆。
《格列佛游记》:这部作品熔现实与幻想于一炉,用对比的手法达到了讽刺的艺术效果。
14.请从下列名著中选择一部,写出其中的两个人物,并分别用一句话概括与这个人物相关的一个故事。
《水浒传》;《西游记》;《朝花夕拾》;《钢铁是怎样炼成的》。
答案举例:
《水浒传》。武松:武松醉打蒋门神。鲁智深:鲁提辖拳打镇关西。
《西游记》。孙悟空:孙悟空三打白骨精;孙悟空三调芭蕉扇。猪八戒:猪八戒醉酒戏嫦娥;猪八戒背媳妇。
《朝花夕拾》。长妈妈:长妈妈讲美女蛇的故事。藤野先生:藤野先生为我修改讲义。
《钢铁是怎样炼成的》。保尔?柯察金:在病榻上写作。朱赫来:引导保尔走上革命道路。
15.某班要举办一次“文学沙龙”活动,其中有个项目是“读名著,对对子”。现在邀请你参加这个项目的活动。请你根据上联,完成下联。【参考人物】孔明、悟空、武松、黛玉……
上联:废寝忘食香菱苦学诗
下联:
答案举例:足智多谋孔明巧借箭;赴汤蹈火悟空勇除妖;无畏不惧武松猛打虎;多愁善感黛玉悲葬花。
16.读了这段优美的文字,你一定会想到你读过的不少中外文学名著,请从下面所提供的名著书目中任选一部,按要求填写读书资料卡。书目:《名人传》、《格列佛游记》、《水浒》、《繁星?春水》。
读书资料卡:作品;作者;主要内容。
答案举例:
《名人传》:罗曼?罗兰; 本书叙述了贝多芬等艺术家苦难、坎坷的一生,讴歌了这些心灵伟大的英雄。
《格列佛游记》:斯威夫特; 本书叙述了主人公格列佛流落到小人国等地的经历,讽刺了当时社会种种丑陋现象。
《水浒》:施耐庵; 本书记述了北宋末年以宋江为首的农民起义的过程,表现了“官逼民反”的主题。
《繁星?春水》:冰心; 本书以篇幅短小、蕴涵丰富的诗歌,歌颂母爱、童真和美丽的自然。
17.名著阅读。
“人最宝贵的东西是生命。生命对于我们只有一次。一个人的生命应当这样度过:当他回首往事的时候,他不因虚度年华而悔恨,也不因碌碌无为而羞愧——这样,在临死的时候,他能够说:我整个的生命和全部精力,都已献给世界上最壮丽的事业一一为人类的解放而斗争。”
(1)上面这段文字出自《 》,作品的主人公是 。
答案举例:《钢铁是怎样炼成的》; 保尔?柯察金。
(2)从整部作品看,主人公是一个怎样的人物形象?
答案举例:他是一个具有钢铁般的意志和顽强奋斗的品质,不屈服于命运,为理想而献身的英雄战士。
18.你最喜爱的一部文学名著是什么,作品中的哪一个主要人物给你留下深刻印象,请概述与该人物相关的故事以及该故事所表现的人物性格特点。
答案举例:?《水浒》 ?鲁智深或鲁达 ?“鲁提辖拳打镇关西”或“鲁智深大闹野猪林”等 ?仗义豪爽,嫉恶如仇。
19.《傅雷家书》,让我们感受到一个严厉、尽责的父亲对儿子真挚的爱;《鲁滨逊漂流记》,让我们感受到流落荒岛的鲁滨逊积极乐观、永不放弃的精神;《 》,让我们感受到 。
答案举例:《钢铁是怎样炼成的》,让我们感受到一个无产阶级英雄为理想而献身的崇高精神。
20.某班级开展外国文学作品专题读书会,同学们纷纷介绍自己喜欢的外国文学作品。请你根据下面的格式,向同学们介绍一部(篇)外国文学作品。
答案举例:我喜欢:《鲁滨逊飘流记》。是因为:在遭遇困境时,人要有坚定的信念,要有克服困难的勇气,要坚强地活下去。
21.文学名著陶冶着我们的性情,砥砺着我们的意志,丰富着我们的情感和想象。《三国演义》中关羽刮骨疗毒(单刀赴会,千里走单骑或过五关斩六将等)的故事让我们看到了一个英勇无畏的形象;《格林童话》篇篇富含人生哲理,如《灰姑娘(白雪公主/小红帽/青蛙王子/大拇指等)》;罗曼?罗兰的《名人传》为我们展现出贝多芬、米开朗琪罗、列夫?托尔斯泰的崇高人格和生命激情……
22.某校初三(8)班同学在阅读完《水浒传》、《三国演义》后,开展了一次“识英雄,学英雄,做英雄”主题班会活动。在选择学习对象上,出现了分歧:一部分同学(甲方)选择诸葛亮,而不选宋江;一部分同学(乙方)选择了宋江,而不选诸葛亮;另一部分同学(丙方)则将诸葛亮、宋江都选了;还有一部分同学(丁方)则认为宋江、诸葛亮都不值得选。甲方选择诸葛亮的理由是:诸葛亮有运筹帷幄的卓越的军事谋略,同时还有对刘氏王朝的“鞠躬尽瘁,死而后已”的赤胆忠心。而宋江道貌岸然,虚情假意,在梁山正在兴盛,腐败的宋王朝束手无策之时,为了自己的荣华富贵,接受招安,出卖梁山,使众多英雄罹难。
(1)假如你是乙方、丙方、丁方中的任何一方,请谈谈你的选择理由。
答案举例:
乙方:宋江仗义疏财,受到中英雄的拥戴。他统领梁山英雄,除强扶弱,打富济贫,一身英雄气概。而诸葛亮效忠于昏庸无能的刘禅,东征西讨,七次北伐,影响了广大百姓的安宁生活。
丙方:诸葛亮、宋江两个都是名著塑造的民族英雄,都有值得我们学习的地方。我们要“择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之”,学习诸葛亮的聪明智慧,敬业精神,学习宋江的仗义疏财,侠义精神。
丁方:他们是小说塑造的英雄,是虚构的人物,没有实际意义。即使有这样的英雄,也离我们的生活太远。要学英雄,我们就要学今天的英雄,学身边的英雄。如:任长霞,面对黑恶势力,她拍案而起,面对贫民百姓,她柔情似水。
(2)在平时课外名著阅读中,你最喜欢读那本书,谈谈喜欢读这本书的理由。
答案举例:奥斯特洛夫斯基的《钢铁是怎样炼成的》。
理由:该书以生动的艺术语言刻画了一个身残志坚,献身于共产主义壮丽事业的平凡而伟大的革命者的光辉形象,给人们极大的教育和鼓舞。
23.某班第三小组组织了“我最喜爱的名著人物”评选活动。请帮他们完成下面这块展览板。
人物:林 冲
出处:《水浒传》
人物小传:林冲本为东京八十万禁军教头,被高俅陷害,发配沧州。起初只想忍气吞声,无奈之下奋起反抗。最终风雪山神庙,雪夜上梁山。
24.《西游记》中唐僧师徒四人各有优缺点,请你从中挑选一人,写出他的法名,并客观说明你对他的看法。
参考答案:
孙悟空:桀骜不驯、敢作敢当、敢于反抗压迫、机智勇敢、爱憎分明、疾恶如仇、正直无私、行侠仗义、无所畏惧、幽默;喜欢“戴高帽”、好胜心强、喜欢搞点恶作剧等。
猪悟能:一方面好吃懒做、见识短浅、爱搬弄是非、耍小聪明、说谎,爱占小便宜、贪恋女色;另一方面又不失忠勇和善良、战斗勇猛、能知错改错、淳朴憨厚。
唐玄奘:崇信佛法、严守戒律、目标明确、立场坚定、勇往直前的精神坚不可摧;但有时贤愚不分、好坏不辨。
沙悟净:忠厚老实、任劳任怨、忠于职守等;但缺少自己的见解。
25.我国古典四大名著中,典型的人物和故事情节一定给你留下了深刻的印象,其中“协理荣国府”“煮酒论英雄”“风雪山神庙”“三打白骨精”等故事和主人公分别是 、 、 、 。
答案举例:王熙凤 、曹操(刘备)、林冲、孙悟空。
26.名著知识填空。
? 冰心,原名 。她在印度著名诗人 (人名)《飞鸟集》的影响下创作的《 》《春水》,集中体现了 、童真、自然三大主题,是人们公认的小诗创作的最高成就。
? 我国古典名著中塑造了众多经纶满腹、智慧过人的艺术形象。一直被人们视为智慧化身的诸葛亮,其“ ”等世人耳熟能详的故事无不闪耀着知识与智慧的光芒;《 》中的“ ”(绰号)吴用等,梁山运机巧,水泊展谋略,识广才高,魅力四射……其实,他们的聪颖与智慧离不开丰富的阅历,更离不开广博的学识。这正应了英国著名思想家培根的至理名言: 。
答案举例:?谢婉莹、泰戈尔、繁星、母爱。?草船借箭(或“舌战群儒”、“木牛流马”、“三气周瑜”等);水浒(水浒传)、智多星、知识就是力量。
27.有人看了《西游记》后,出了一幅上联。请你结合《水浒传》中的有关情节对出下联。
上联:化险为夷,师徒取得真佛经。
下联:疾恶如仇,鲁达拳打镇关西。
28.名著知识填空。
名著是美的。《繁星?春水》美在对母爱、童心的赞美;《 》美在 ;鲁智深美在疾恶如仇、有勇有谋的性格; ,美在 。
答案举例:《钢铁是怎样炼成的》,对顽强不屈精神的赞美;祥子,质朴勤劳、不向命运低头的顽强精神。
29.《名人传》是《语文教学大纲》推荐的课外读物,根据你对这部名著的阅读,回答以下两个问题。
?这部名著是法国著名作家 罗曼?罗兰 的作品,它叙述了贝多芬、米开朗琪罗、列夫?托尔斯泰 苦难和坎坷的一生,赞美了他们高尚的品格和顽强奋斗的精神。
?请你概括叙述其中一位名人的一个典型事例。
答:1824年5月7日,在维也纳举行《第九交响曲》的第一次演奏会,获得空前的成功。当高度耳聋的贝多芬出场时,他受到观众五次热烈地鼓掌欢迎。贝多芬在终场后感动得晕了过去。
30.学校文学社团“新星文学社”决定举办一场“读名著、谈感受”研讨会。作为“新星文学社”的主人,请你完成下面的任务:
A(请你设计一条体现研讨会主题的宣传标语(口号)。
答案举例:走进名著,启迪人生。
B(请你为研讨会主持人设计一段开场白。
答案举例:同学们,在三年的社团活动中,我们读了大量中外文学名著,这其中一定有许多想法和感受。今天,就请大家畅所欲言,展示你的才华吧!
12(在平时阅读中,哪个人物形象是你最喜欢的?请说明理由。
答案举例:?孙悟空:不畏艰险,有叛逆精神,法力无边。?诸葛亮:智慧和忠诚的化身。?哈利?波特:天真活泼,智慧神奇。?保尔:体现生命的价值,为人类的解放而斗争。
31.请写一段话介绍一部文学名著。要求:(1)从《水浒传》、《西游记》和《繁星?春水》中任选一部。(2)这段话中必须选用下列词语中的两个。备选词语:深入浅出、大气磅礴、清纯自然、直抒胸臆、曲折跌宕、栩栩如生、情真意切、行云流水。
答案举例:《水浒传》是一幅描写北宋末年农民起义的壮丽画卷。小说大气磅礴,故事情节曲折跌宕,人物形象栩栩如生。真不愧为一部优秀的古典长篇小说。
32.根据课外阅读知识,填写下列内容。
(1)中国四大古典名著中,我最喜欢的是《 》,喜欢的理由是: 。
(2)我国古代有许多著名的神话故事,如 、 (填故事名称)。
答案举例:《水浒传》;它生动地描写了农民起义的发展历程,故事波澜起伏,人物很有个性,栩栩如生,很有感染力。盘古开天辟地;后羿射日。
33.选择《西游记》中你喜欢的一个人物,结合社会生活,说说你喜欢他的原因。
答案举例:我喜欢孙悟空。因为他明辨是非,嫉恶如仇,是正义、智慧、勇敢的化身。今天,能有孙悟空这样的人来执法,社会就会多一些公正。
34.文化积累。根据提供的信息,分别写出对应的作品及人物。
?青龙偃叶刀、过五关斩六将。作品《 》;人物: 。
?天蓬元帅、高老庄娶亲。作品《 》;人物: 。
?解救金氏父女、野猪林救豹子头。作品《 》;人物: 。
答案举例:?三国演义、关羽;?西游记、猪八戒;?水浒传、鲁提辖(或:鲁智深)。
35.下面是一位同学的读后感。请仔细阅读,完成下题。
?合上书页,静静躺在床上,我不禁思绪万千。是啊,人的生命是那样短暂而宝贵,我无法增加它的长度,但我可以努力增加它的宽度。在人生的旅程中,我要做勇敢的攀登者,用脚步丈量每一座山峰;我要做无畏的航行者,用双桨征服每一处险滩;我要做 , 。
?阅读名著真的是一种享受,它代给我无穷无尽的欢乐,让我远离烦脑和忧愁。阅读名著也是一种心灵的慰藉,它帮助我战胜寂莫和孤独,指引我认识善恶和美丑。通过阅读名著,使我懂得了生命的意义、人生的价值。朋友们,让我们一起阅读名著吧!因为是否大量阅读名著,是提高个人修养的关键。
(1)结合语境,在第?段横线处填写恰当的句子,使它与前面两句语意连贯,句式相同。
(2)第?段中有三个错别字,请找出并加以改正。
(3)第?段中有两处语病,请找出并加以修改。
答案举例:
(1)(我要做)辛勤的耕耘者,用汗水浇灌每一株幼苗。
)“代”改为“带”;“脑”改为“恼”;“莫”改为“寞”。 (2
(3)?通过阅读名著,使我懂得了生命的意义、人生的价值。删除“通过”或“使”。?因为是否大量阅读名著,是提高个人修养的关键。把“是否”删除或在“提高”前加上“能否”。
36.课外阅读积累。
14、请将下面8条相关信息的序号填写在相应名著的横线上。
(1)《格列佛游记》:___________
(2)《鲁滨逊漂流记》:__________
?笛福、?斯威夫特、?星期五(人名)、?贝茨医生、?小人国、?荒岛冒险、?皇宫救火、?巴西种植园
答案举例:(1)???? ;(2)????
15、《水浒传》中作者塑造了许多性格鲜明的人物形象,有好汉,也有奸臣。请从下列的人物中任选一个并用横线标出,然后按要求答题。(李逵、宋江、林冲、高俅)
(1)概括写出与你所选人物相关的一个故事:____________。
(2)你对所选人物性格的评价:他是一个___________的人。
答案举例:(1)李逵:杀虎救母、元夜闹东京等;宋江:三打祝家庄、怒杀阎婆惜等;林冲:
逃离东京;(2)李逵:粗鲁豪放、误闯白虎堂、风雪山神庙等;高俅:设计陷害林冲、逼王进
不畏强暴等;宋江:爱憎分明、仗义疏财等;林冲:忍辱负重、勇敢坚强等;高俅:心狠手辣、奸诈狡猾等。
37.章回小说中的回目是对该回内容的概述。下面是《水浒》回目中的几个句子,请任选一句,依据施耐庵《水浒》的内容,将所选句子扩展成一段故事简介。
?景阳冈武松打虎、?武松斗杀西门庆、?林冲棒打洪教头、?林冲雪夜上梁山 、?鲁提辖拳打镇关西、?花和尚倒拔垂杨柳
答案举例:例一:武松来到景阳冈,突然跳出一只老虎。武松抓起梢棒。老虎先是一扑,武松闪过;老虎又把腰胯一掀,武松又躲过;老虎把尾倒竖起来一剪,武松又闪过。武松抡起梢棒,用尽全力一劈,可梢棒劈在树枝上,断了。武松只得空手按住虎头,用脚猛踢,用拳猛打,终于打死了老虎。
例二:武松杀了嫂子之后,就来到酒楼寻找西门庆。武松将嫂子的人头往西门庆脸上一掼,西门庆吓了一跳,认出是武松,想跳窗逃走。跨步上前,与西门庆打斗起来。西门庆终不是武松的对手,只几个回合,就被武松摔到酒楼下,跌得发昏。武松跳下楼,手起刀落,取了西门庆的人头。
例三:柴进庄里有一武师,人称洪教头,很瞧不起林冲,想和林冲比试一番。刚开始,林冲几番谦让,不想洪教头更是嚣张,林冲只得与他比试起来。只几个回合,洪教头的脚步就乱了。林冲把棒在地下一挑,直扫洪教头,只两下,洪教头就扑的倒地了。洪教头为此羞得满脸通红。
例四:林冲在草料场被烧之后,林冲冒雪出走。他喝酒喝得醉倒在雪地上,险些送了性命,幸遇柴进。林冲感叹天下之大,竟无他容身之所。柴进向他说:有一处梁山泊,方圆八百里,是好汉的落脚处。走投无路的林冲就依照柴进的指点,在一个北风呼啸、大雪纷飞的夜晚投奔了梁山。
例五:鲁提辖为了替金氏父女报仇,就到肉铺上来激怒镇关西:先是要十斤纯瘦肉,,又要十斤纯肥肉,最后又要十斤寸金软骨,而且都要剁成碎末。镇关西真被激怒了。鲁提辖就跑到街上,镇关西提刀追来。鲁提辖瞅准时机,抬脚踢倒镇关西,跨步压在他身上,抡起拳头,只三拳就把镇关西打死了。
例六:鲁智深喝了酒,听到院里一棵绿杨树有许多老鸦在吵闹,觉得不清静。有人提议把树上的鸟巢拆了。鲁智深乘着酒兴,走到绿杨树旁,看了看那树,又用手推了推,然后脱下衣服,右手向下,把身倒缴着,把腰一趁,真把一棵碗口粗的绿杨树连根拔起了。
38.诸葛亮忠于蜀汉政权,足智多谋,在历史上享有盛名。请结合有关课文或课外阅读,写出与他有关的4个成语或故事名称。(2分)
答案举例:鞠躬尽瘁、三顾茅庐、草船借箭、赤壁之战、舌战群儒、三气周瑜、七擒孟获、隆中对、借东风 空城计、白帝城托孤。
39.走进书的世界。读书实践走进书的世界你一定收获颇手吧,请展示你的收获。
(1)《 格列佛游记 》 讲述了一个怎样的故事,
答案举例:本书讲述了英国船医格列佛因海难等原因;流落到小人国、大人国、飞岛以及马国等地的经历。
(3)请向你的朋友推荐一部你最喜欢的名著(教材附录中的名著)(并说说推荐的理由。
答案举例:推荐的名著:《钢铁是怎样炼成的 》。理由:这邵小说让我们懂得了人生的意义,让我们学会了用正确的心态面对人生的磨难,用钢铁般的愈志与顽强的奋斗精神迎接生活的各种挑战。
示例?:推荐的名著:《 鲁滨孙飘流记 》。理由:这部小说中最吸引人的地万就是鲁宾孙这个人物。他敢于冒险(勇于追求自由自在、无拘无束的生活,即使流落荒岛,也绝不气馁。在荒无人烟、缺乏最基本的生存条件的小岛上(他孤身一人,克服了许许多多常人无法想像的困难,以惊人的毅力顽强的活了下来。
40.为了打造绿色精神家园,学校开展了营造书香校园的“名著竞读”活动。请你从《西游记》、《水浒》、《钢铁是怎样炼成的》三部名著中任选一个典型人物,按下面三个栏目完成一期黑板报内容的撰稿。
(1)“名著人物”形象栏。(写出人名并简介其性格特点)
(2)“精彩情节”大家看。(简要概述与此人物紧密相关的一个精彩情节)
(3)“读后一得”交流台。(写出你对此人物或此情节感受最深的一点体会)
答案举例:
示例一:(1)《西游记》中的孙悟空本领高强、勇敢机智、爱憎分明又很幽默。
(2)在“三打白骨精”中,孙悟空三次识破妖精的诡计,变成妖精的妈妈去赴唐僧肉宴,深入妖精洞内打死白骨精,救出了师傅等人。
(3)从孙悟空身上,我看到了正义的力量是战无不胜的。
示例二:(1)《水浒》中的鲁智深侠肝义胆、疾恶如仇又粗中有细、豁达明理。
(2)鲁智深在潘家酒楼听到金氏父女的遭遇后,便找上门寻借口三拳打死了“镇关西”,还一边骂他“诈死”,一边不慌不忙地离开。
(3)鲁智深那种路见不平、见义勇为的义举正是我们这个时代所要大力提倡的。
示例三:(1)《钢铁是怎样炼成的》中的保尔?柯察金身残志坚,具有钢铁般的意志和顽强奋斗的品质。
(2)保尔在双目失明、全身瘫痪的时候曾一度陷入精神危机,在经过激烈的内心斗争后,又以顽强的毅力坚持写作。
(3)保尔那种与命运抗争、永不言败的钢铁般的精神使我深受感动。
41.学校文学社正在进行“我所知道的名著人物”调查,按要求填写下来。人物故事、性格特点各写两个。
答案举例:
孙悟空:孙悟空大闹天宫、孙悟空三打白骨精;藐视权贵、爱憎分明机智勇敢、不畏强暴调皮幽默、桀骜不驯、敢作敢当。
武松:景阳风打虎、斗杀西门庆、血溅鸳鸯楼;英勇无畏、崇尚忠义、性格刚烈、有勇有谋、嫉恶如仇。
42.长江东逝水,浪花淘尽英雄。是非成败转头空。 青山依旧在, 几度夕阳红。”请说说《水浒》或《三国演义》中给你印象最深的一个章节,概括它的主要内容,并谈谈你对其中一个英雄的评价。
答案举例:章节:《鲁提辖拳打镇关西》;内容概括:鲁达与史进等人在酒楼遇到金氏父女,听说了镇关西的恶行以后,鲁达帮助金氏父女逃走并三拳打死了镇关西;评价:鲁达是一个勇猛豪侠,疾恶如仇,有勇有谋,粗中有细的英雄形象。
43.在《汤姆 索亚历险记》《西游记》《水浒传》《钢铁是怎样炼成的》这几部名著中,哪一个人物给你留下了深刻的印象,请扣住人物性格对其评点。
答案举例:示例一:《水浒传》中的武松,他本领高强,疾恶如仇,有胆有识,光明磊落,干练果断。 示例二:《西游记》中的孙悟空,他乐观、聪明、勇敢,热爱自由,除恶务尽,充满斗争精神。 示例三:《汤姆 索亚历险记》中的汤姆生性顽皮,喜欢“恶作剧”,但他心地善良,乐于助人,勇敢机智。示例四:《钢铁是怎样炼成的》的保尔顽强、奉献、勇敢、奋进,不怕困难。
44.下面是一位同学读了《水浒传》后所写的关于宋江这个人物的简介,请你模仿这个示例,从武松、鲁智深、林冲或其他你所熟悉的水浒人物中任选一个,作一简单介绍。
示例:宋江,人唤及时雨,早先为山东郓城县押司。晁盖等七个好汉智取生辰纲事发,被官府缉拿,幸得宋江事先告知。晁盖派刘唐送金子和书信给宋江,宋江的老婆阎婆惜发现宋江私通梁山,趁机要挟。宋江怒杀阎婆惜,被迫上梁山。后宋江被众好汉推为梁山首领。
答案举例:林冲,人称豹子头,原为东京80万禁军教头,受高俅陷害,发配沧州看守大军草料场。高俅派亲信火烧草料场,企图将林冲置于死地。林冲忍无可忍,雪夜杀敌,迫上梁山。后成为梁山重要将领。
45.初中三年,你一定阅读了不少文学名著吧。请从下面备选的人物和故事中,选择相关联的一组,概述所选故事的主要情节。备选人物:鲁达、孙悟空、晁盖、诸葛亮;备选故事:三打白骨精、智取生辰纲、拳打镇关西、草船借箭。
答案举例:
鲁达拳打镇关西:鲁达听说金氏父女的遭遇很愤怒,在送走金氏父女后,直奔郑屠肉铺,先故意激他出手,然后三拳打死了他,并机智脱身。
智取生辰纲:晁盖等人在黄泥冈上假扮卖酒和卖枣人,利用天热地偏的条件,引得押送士兵
买酒,用混在酒中的蒙汗药嘛翻他们,劫得生辰纲。
孙悟空三打白骨精:唐僧师徒取经途中,遭遇白骨精,它为吃唐僧肉,先后变为村姑、老翁、老妪,孙悟空三次棒打白骨精,使它现出原形。
葛亮草船借箭:赤壁大战之前,诸葛亮令士兵扎草人放在船上,利用大雾天气,骗得曹兵向船上放箭,巧妙“借”得十万支箭。
46.阅读下面的文字,回答问题。
武松把只脚望大虫面门上、眼睛里只顾乱踢。那大虫咆哮起来,把身底下扒起两堆黄泥,做了一个土坑。武松把大虫嘴直按下黄泥坑里去。那大虫吃武松奈何得没了些气力。武松把左手紧紧地揪住顶花皮,偷出右手来,提起铁锤般大小拳头,尽平生之力只顾打。打到五七十拳,那大虫眼里、口里、鼻子里、耳朵里,都迸出鲜血来……一顿拳脚打得那大虫动弹不得,使得口里兀自气喘。(节选自《水浒》第二十三回)
根据选段回答,大虫的动作行为前后有什么变化,这些变化对表现武松这一人物形象起什么作用,关于武松你还知道哪些故事(至少列举一个),
答案举例:开始咆哮,最后动弹不得,兀自气喘。反衬武松的勇猛。如:醉打蒋门神、血溅鸳鸯楼、斗杀西门庆、大闹飞云浦等。
47.《汤姆?索亚历险记》中的汤姆与《从百草园到三味书屋》中的“我”都具有怎样的儿童心理,请简要回答。
答案举例:都具有热爱大自然,追求自由快乐生活(厌倦学校枯燥的生活)的儿童心理。
48.名著阅读。
(1)《水浒传》中有着许多生动的情节,如鲁达“拳打镇关西”, (人名)“醉打蒋门神”,林冲“ ”。
(2)除保尔?柯察金外,在《钢铁是怎样炼成的》中给你留下深刻印象的另一个人物的名字是 ,保尔身上最能打动你的人格特征是 ,他在双目失明的情况下创作了题为《 》的中篇小说。
答案举例:(1)武松;“误入白虎堂”,“棒打洪教头”,“风雪山神庙”,“雪夜上梁山”等
(2)朱赫来,冬尼娅,丽达,谢廖沙,瓦莉亚、达雅等;自我献身的精神,坚定不移的信念,顽强坚忍的意志;《暴风雨所诞生的》
49.名著阅读。
“人最宝贵的东西是生命。生命对于我们只有一次。一个人的生命应当这样度过:当他回首往事的时候,他不因虚度年华而悔恨,也不因碌碌无为而羞愧——这样,在临死的时候,他能够说:我整个的生命和全部精力,都已献给世界上最壮丽的事业一一为人类的解放而斗争。”
(1)上面这段文字出自《 》,作品的主人公是 。
(2)从整部作品看,主人公是一个怎样的人物形象?
答案举例:(1)《钢铁是怎样炼成的》;保尔?柯察金。(2)他是一个具有钢铁般的意志和顽强奋斗的品质,不屈服于命运,为理想而献身的英雄战士。
作文三:《2011中考题》10800字
Ⅳ.选择填空(共20分,每小题1分)
21. It?s ______ good idea to visit our old teachers on ______ Teachers? Day.
A. a; the B. a; / C. /; / D. /; the
22. - David, is this your sister?s bike? - No, it?s not ______. It?s my brother?s.
A. yours B. his C. hers D. mine
23. They paid ______ money for the machine than I had expected.
A. much B. fewer C. many D. more
24. My aunt often drops by my house ______ Sunday afternoons because I am free then.
A. at B. in C. on D. of
25. - How much did the pany donate to build the school library?
- About three ______ yuan.
A. million B. millions C. million of D. millions of
26. - Two Xiaogan Evening Papers, please!
- Sorry, sir. Only one left. Would you like to have ______?
A. this B. that C. it D. one
27. If you have finished most of the work, you ______ start working so early tomorrow.
A. can?t B. mustn?t C. couldn?t D. needn?t
28. The e-mail he sent to me ______ that he knew nothing about the earthquake happened in Japan.
A. spoke B. suggested C. told D. found
29. - Can you cook eggs with tomatoes ?
- Yes, of course. ______ can do it , because it is easy, I think.
A. Anyone B. Someone C. No one D. None of us
30. - Could you please do some shopping for me, Mary?
- Sorry, I ______ my homework.
A. do B. am doing C. have done D. was doing
31. - Are two students enough to help you carry the desk?
- No, the desk is too heavy. I need ______ two.
A. other B. another C. the other D. others
32. ______ Lily ______Lucy may go out for a walk with you because one of them must do the dishes at home.
A. Not only; but also B. Neither; nor C. Both; and D. Either; or
33. - ______ is it from your home to the cinema? - It is about ten minutes? ride.
A. How far B. How long C. How soon D. How often
34. If your mother were here, she ______ allow you to surf the Internet for so long.
A. won?t B. doesn?t C. didn?t D. wouldn?t
35. You look tired. You?d better ______ up late.
A. stay B. not stay C. to not stay D. not to stay
36. - ______ is Toby?s opinion about the milk shake made by myself? - Delicious.
A. What B. Why C. How D. Where
37. Little Tom decided to ______ the bad habit of sleeping in class.
A. make up B. call up C. look up D. give up
38. - ______ kind girl Nancy is! - Yes, she is always ready to help others.
A. How a B. How C. What a D. What
39. I want to know ______ for the class yesterday morning.
A. why did you e late B. why you came late
C. why do you e late D. why you e late
40. - When I was young, I liked playing with toy animals. - ______.
A. So I was B. So was I C. So did I D. So I did
Ⅴ.完形填空 (共10分,每小题1分)
My name is Lily. My father is a teacher. His students love him a lot because he is funny. I love him, too, but I think he can be “foolish” Once we moved into a new house and had to go shopping to buy new chairs and lights. In the supermarket, I?m interestedbuy them.
When we got home, my father began to work out how much money we had 43 that day. Suddenly, he stopped. “Something?s wrong.” he said. “I?ve got 30 I should!” “That?s great,” I said. “You can buy me that
Father said nothing. Instead, he counted(数) how much money he had again and again. “The salesgirl must have made a mistake. We 46 go back to the shop,” he said.
“Do you have to go back?” I asked. “Nobody will know we 47 too much change(找零). It would be foolish to go back.”
“It wouldn?t be ?foolish?.” my father said angrily. “It?s called being 48 .” At that moment, I looked into his eyes and knew he was right.
The salesgirl was surprised to see us in the shop again. But 49 we gave her the money, she thanked us a lot.
On my way home, my father stopped me 50 smiled. “Do you still want that cartoon book?” he asked. I looked at my “foolish” father and answered loudly, “Father, you are the greatest!”
41. A. sometimes B. often C. always D. never
42. A. with B. on C. in D. to
43. A. took B. lost C. cost D. spent
44. A. much B. more C. less D. some
45. A. story B. cartoon C. music D. magic
46. A. may B. can C. should D. need
47. A. gave B. have given C. is given D. were given
48. A. clever B. honest C. selfish D. cool
49. A. how B. why C. when D. where
50. A. and B. but C. or D. so
Ⅵ.阅读理解 阅读短文,然后根据内容选择正确答案。(共30分,每小题2分)
A
Here is the bulletin board in Class 2. Some of the notes can be seen every day. Here are some notes before a holiday. Please read them and answer the following questions.
We want to say thanks to Miss Wang, our dear teacher. We couldn?t have a wonderful English class without you. Class 2I am thankful to Annie for lending me the pen. I?ll remember to bring mine next time. Mary
The class meeting will be held this Thursday. The topic is “Thanks a lot.” Please get ready. Class 2A thousand thanks to John . He always helps me clean the windows when I am busy. Julia
Many thanks to Jack for helping with my Chinese homework. Tom I?m thankful to know that I
have so many kind students. I love you all. Miss Wang
51. The meaning of “bulletin board” is _________.
A. 广告栏 B. 寻物启事 C. 公告栏 D. 意见箱
52. When Julia was busy, what did John help her do?
A. To do Chinese homework. B. To clean the windows.
C. To do English homework. D. To lend her a pen.
53. What is Miss Wang?
A. A Chinese teacher of Class 2. B. An English teacher of Class 2.
C. A Chinese teacher of Class 3. D. An English teacher of Class 3.
54. Why did Annie lend the pen to Mary?
A. Ann had too many pens.
B. Mary lost her pen.
C. Miss Wang asked her to do so.
D. Mary forgot to bring her pen to school.
55. What holiday might be ing according to the notes on the bulletin board?
A. Thanksgiving Day B. Teachers? Day
C. New Year?s Day D. Christmas
B
The size of a package can also attract(吸引) a shopper, although quite often a bottle doesn?t hold as much as it appears to.
It is said that the better-known panies spend about 40 percent of the cost of the product itself on packaging!
The most successful producers know that it?s not enough to have a good product. The head of Pears Soap, who for 25 years has used pretty little girls to sell their goods, came to the conclusion: “Any fool can make soap, but it takes a talent to sell it.”
61. Health foods are usually packed in colors Except ________.
A. green B. black C. yellow D. brown
62. Why did the shoppers lose interest in the medicine?
A. Because of the size of the product. B. Because of the color of the product.
C. Because of the color of the package. D. Because of the cost of the product.
63. If a new product costs $ 60, how much money may be spent on packaging?
A. $ 24 B. $ 36 C. $ 40 D. $ 60
64. Which of the following is the key to the success in product sales?
A. The way to sell goods. B. A good product.
C. The one who makes a product. D. A nice color.
65. The passage is mainly about ___________on shopping.
A. advantages of products B. the importance of packaging
C. choices of products D. the cost of packaging
Ⅶ.填写单词 根据句子意思,在空格中填写适当的单词,使句子完整、正确。(共8分, 每小题1分)
66. There are twelve months in a year, and May is the ________ month of the year.
67. People are not allowed to drive if they drink ________.
68. I ________ to be afraid of the dark, and now I?m still afraid of it.
69. Stop ________ in the reading room. The students are reading books.
70. Parents should not be too strict ________ teenagers.
71. We felt ________ when we heard that Li Na won the first prize in the tennis petition in France.
72. Communication is very important in our life. It?s a bridge ________ the old and the young.
73. E-mail English is a new kind of written English ________ is being used to save time.
Ⅷ.完成句子 根据各小题A句的意思完成B句,使两句的意思基本相同。每空限填一个单词。(共12分, 每空1分)
74. A: A puter is on the teacher?s desk.
B: ________ ________ a puter on the teacher?s desk.
75. A: We play basketball on Wednesday, Friday and Saturday.
B: We play basketball ________ ________ a week.
76. A: Shall we go to see a film together?
B: ________ ________ go to see a film together?
77. A: Kate t to bed after she finished her homework.
B: Kate ________ go to bed ________ she finished her homework.
78. A: Whose China Today is this?
B: Who(m) ________ this China Today ________ to?
79. A: Could you tell me how I can get to the nearest supermarket?
B: Could you tell me ________ ________ to the nearest supermarket?
Ⅸ.补全对话 根据对话内容, 在空格中各填写一个句子, 使对话完整、正确、达意。 Mary: Hello, this is Mary.
Mr White: Hello, this is Mr White, Peter?s father.
Mary: Hello, may I speak to Peter?
Mr White: Sorry, (80)________________.
Mary: Could you tell me when he?ll e back?
Mr White: (81)________________. Can I take a message for him?
Mary: Please tell him that I hope he will e to my birthday party next Sunday.
Mr White: Thank you for inviting Peter to your party. By the way, (82)________________? Mary: It will start at half past five.
Mr White: (83) ________________?
Mary: I am going to have it at Sichuan Restaurant near his office.
Mr White: OK. (84)________________.
Mary: Thank you. Good-bye.
Mr White: Good-bye.
Ⅹ.书面表达 ( 10 分)
根据内容提示和要求,以“My Dream Job”为题写一篇短文。
内容提示:1. 想成为一名记者;2. 多读书,勤写作,向报刊、杂志投稿……;
3. 高中毕业后去北京上大学;
4. 想到电视台工作,游祖国大好河山,观世界风云变幻;
5. 通过努力,梦想成真。
要求:1.条理清楚,语句通顺,语法正确,书写规范;2.可根据提示适当增加内容;
3.不少于80词。
Ⅰ.情景反应
1.B2.A3.B4.A5.CⅡ.对话理解6.C 7.A 8.B 9.A10.B 11.B12.A13.C14.C15.B Ⅲ.短文理解 16.A17.C18.B19.C20.BⅣ.选择填空21.B 22.C23.D24.C25.A
26.C27.D28.B29.A30.B 31.B32.D33.A34.D35.B 36.A37.D38.C39.B40.C Ⅴ.完形填空
41.A 42.C 43.D 44.B45.B 46.C 47.D 48.B 49.C50.AⅥ.阅读理解
51.C 52.B53.B54.D 55.A 56.D 57.A58.C 59.C 60.D
61.B 62.C 63.A 64.A 65.B
Ⅶ.填写单词
66.fifth67.wine/beer 68.used69.talking
70.with71.proud/excited/… 72.between73.that/which
Ⅷ.完成句子
74.There is75.three times76.Why not
77.didn’t, until/till78.does, belong79.the way
Ⅸ.补全对话
80.he is out/ not at home (at the moment).
81.I have no idea/ I’m not sure…
82.When will it start?
83.Where are you going to have it?
84.I’ll tell him about it (later/ as soon as he es back).
Ⅹ.书面表达
One possible version:
I like talking to people and asking them questions, so I want to be a journalist(reporter) when I grow up. The job is interesting but kind of dangerous. Now I’m going to do some more reading and writing and write s for newspapers and magazines. I’m going to a university in Beijing after senior(high)school. Next I’m going to work for a TV station as a journalist(reporter). Then I’m going to travel throughout China and all over the world. I think my dream will e true someday if I work hard.
作文四:《菱形 (中考题)》1800字
菱形
三年模拟全练
1. (2015贵州贵阳六中期末,5, ★☆☆) 如图18-2-2-7, 在菱形ABCD 中, 对角线AC,BD 交于点O, 下列说法错误的是(
)
图18-2-2-7
A.AB ∥DC B.AC=BD C.AC ⊥BD D.OA=OC
2. (2014河北宣化一中期中,11, ★☆☆) 如图18-2-2-8, 在菱形ABCD 中,AB=5,∠BCD=120°, 则△ABC 的周长等于(
)
图18-2-2-8
A.20 B.15 C.10 D.5
3. (2014四川成都石室中学期末,12, ★☆☆) 在图18-2-2-9所示的方格纸中有一个菱形ABCD(A、B 、C 、D 四点均为格点), 若方格纸中每个小正方形的边长均为1, 则该菱形的面积为
________.
图18-2-2-9
4. (2015湖南浏阳一中期末,18, ★★☆) 已知:如图18-2-2-10, 在?ABCD 中, 对角线AC 的垂直平分线与边AD 、BC 分别交于点E 、F. 求证:四边形AFCE 是菱形.(10分
)
图18-2-2-10
5. (2013黑龙江哈尔滨三中月考,20, ★★☆) 如图18-2-2-11, 在菱形ABCD 中, ∠A=60°,AB=4,O为对角线BD 的中点, 过O 点作OE ⊥AB, 垂足为E.(9分)
(1)求∠ABD 的度数;
(2)求线段BE 的长
.
图18-2-2-11
五年中考全练
1. (2015江苏徐州,7, ★☆☆) 如图18-2-2-12, 菱形ABCD 中, 对角线AC 、BD 交于点O,E 为AD 的中点, 菱形ABCD 的周长为28, 则OE 的长等于(
)
图18-2-2-12
A.3.5 B.4 C.7 D.14
2. (2015贵州黔东南,6, ★★☆) 如图18-2-2-13, 四边形ABCD 是菱
形,AC=8,DB=6,DH⊥AB 于H, 则DH=( )
图18-2-2-13 A.
B. C.12 D.24
3. (2015吉林,12, ★☆☆) 如图18-2-2-14, 在菱形ABCD 中, 点A 在x 轴上, 点B 的坐标为(8,2),点D 的坐标为(0,2),则点C 的坐标为
________.
图18-2-2-14
4. (2013山东潍坊,14, ★☆☆) 如图18-2-2-15,ABCD 是对角线互相垂直的四边形, 且OB=OD,请你添加一个适当的条件________,使ABCD 成为菱形.(只需添加一个即可
)
图18-2-2-15
5. (2015吉林长春,18, ★★☆) 如图18-2-2-16,CE 是△ABC 外角∠ACD 的平分线.AF ∥CD 交CE 于点F,FG ∥AC 交CD 于点G . 求证:四边形ACGF 是菱形.(7分
)
图18-2-2-16
6. (2015四川巴中,27, ★★☆) 如图18-2-2-17, 在菱形ABCD 中, 对角线AC 与BD 相交于点O,MN 过点O 且与边AD 、BC 分别交于点M 和点N.(10分)
(1)请你判断OM 与ON 的数量关系, 并说明理由;
(2)过点D 作DE ∥AC 交BC 的延长线于点E, 当AB=6,AC=8时, 求△BDE 的周长
.
图18-2-2-17
探究创新全练
1. 图18-2-2-18①是一个边长为1的等边三角形和一个菱形的组合图形, 菱形边长为等边三角形边长的一半, 以此为基本单位, 可以拼成一个形状相同但尺寸更大的图形(如图18-2-2-18②), 依此规律继续拼下去, 求第n 个图形的周长
.
图18-2-2-18
2. 如图18-2-2-19, 在Rt △ABC 中, ∠B=90°,BC=5, ∠C=30°. 点D 从点C 出发沿CA 方向以每秒2个单位长的速度向点A 匀速运动, 同时点E 从点A 出发沿AB 方向以每秒1个单位长的速度向点B 匀速运动, 当其中一个点到达终点时, 另一个点也随之停止运动. 设点D 、E 运动的时间是t 秒(t>0).过点D 作DF ⊥BC 于点F, 连接DE 、EF.
(1)求证:AE=DF;
(2)四边形AEFD 能够成为菱形吗? 如果能, 求出相应的t 值; 如果不能, 请说明理由;
(3)当t 为何值时, △DEF 为直角三角形? 请说明理由.
图18-2-2-19
作文五:《科学中考题》8500字
电磁继电器作图题
1、光电管在各种自动化装置中有很多应用,街道路灯自动控制就是其应用之一,如图所示电路为其模拟电路,其中A为光电管,B为电磁继电器,C为照明电路,D为路灯,请连成正确的电路,达到日出路灯熄、日落路灯亮的效果.
2、小华利用自己绕制的电磁铁设计了一个能使甲、乙两灯交替发光的电路,电磁铁及电路图如图3所示。你认为在开关闭合后实际会看到什么现象?请把更正后的电磁铁及电路画在图右的空白处。(A、B为带活动触点的接线柱,BC间为铁片。)
3、今年底,珠江广州市段的水面上将再增添世界第一的三跨拱桥—新光大桥。她将成为广州城市中轴线的标志性建筑之一。小明想,目前造成高速公路路面结构损坏严重的一个重要因素是车辆超重超载。因此限制超重车辆的行驶,对确保新光大桥结构安全有着重要意义。小明想用压力传感器(当压力达到设定值时,它就接通电路)、电磁继电器,为新光大桥设计一个车辆超重的报警装置。当车辆超重时,信号灯就发光。请你在图6中为他连接好电路。
4、超市里的电梯,有人乘时运行较快,无人乘时为了节能运行较慢.利用电磁继电器可以设计这样的电路,请按照要求用笔画线代替导线将下图中的控制电路和工作电路分别连接完整.其中R1是压敏电阻(受到压力时阻值较小,不受压力时阻值很大),R2是限流电阻(如果串联在电路中可减小电路中的电流)。
5、请连接图中的工作电路部分,使控制电路上S断开时甲灯亮,S合上时乙灯亮。
6、电铃是利用 原理工作。图甲所示是某同学连接的电铃电路,开关闭合后,电路中始终有电流,但电铃只响一声就不再响了,请在图乙连线,让电铃能正常工作。
7、自动报警器的工作原理如图所示,在水银温度计的上方封入一段金属丝,当温度达到金属丝下端所指示的温度时,红色报警灯亮,平时绿灯亮.请根据以上要求,用笔画线代替导线,完成工作电路部分的连接.
8、电磁继电器在各种自动化装置中有很多应用,街道路灯自动控制就是其应用之一。如图所示为模拟电路,其中A为电磁继电器,B为照明电路,C为路灯,D为光敏电阻(白天光照强时,电阻变小,电磁铁磁性较强;夜晚光照弱时,电阻变得很大,电磁铁几乎无磁性),请你电路连接完整,达到白天灯熄、夜晚灯亮的效果。(连线时导线不能交叉)
参考答案
一、作图题
1、答案:如图所示
2、看到的现象:甲灯持续发光,乙灯不发光。以下两图均为正确电路。
3、
4、
5、
6、(1)电流的磁效应 (2)(1分) 7、
8、
一、选择题
1.人在寒冷的环境中会不由自主地打寒颤,下列有关叙述中不正确的是( ) ...A.是体内产热大于散热 B.是体内防止体温下降的重要反应
C.是人类在严寒环境下生存的必然本能 D.是在神经系统的调节下进行的
2.将一块灼热的木炭放入充满氧气的密闭容器中,待反应停止后,对容器内气体的判断一定正确
的是( )
A.该容器内气体可能会毒死小动物 B.该容器内气体一定会使小动物窒息而死 C.注入足量石灰水,石灰水不浑浊 D.注入石灰水,石灰水变浑浊
3.将一实心物体先后投入足量的水和酒精中,物体静止时,所受浮力分别为6N和5N,判定物体在水酒精中的浮沉状态可能是(ρ酒精=0.8×103kg/m3) ( )
A.在水中漂浮,在酒精中漂浮 B.在水中漂浮,在酒精中沉底C.在水中悬浮,在酒精中漂浮 D.在水中沉底,在酒精中沉底
4.在弹簧测力计下挂一实心物体,弹簧测力计的示数是F,如果把物体浸没在水中央,物体静止
F
时弹簧测力计的示数为,则该物体的密度是( )A.1.0×103kg/m3 B.0.8×103kg/m3 C.1.5
5
33
×10kg/m D.1.25×103kg/m3 5.2010年3月1日,《杭州市公共场所控制吸烟条例》正式实施。颁布这一条例的原因是香烟燃烧产生的烟气中含有对人体危害很大的尼古丁(C10H14N2)、焦油、一氧化碳等物质,下列与香烟有关的说法错误的是:( ) .. A.青少年应善于自我保护,远离烟草 B.肺结核属于吸烟引起的疾病
C.CO极易与血液里的血红蛋白结合且不易分离,故而有剧毒 D.烟叶中的烟碱和尼古丁等物质存在于细胞的细胞液中
6.关于禽流感病原体、结核病病原体、人肿瘤细胞的叙述,正确的是( ) A.都有细胞结构 B.者
8.比较归纳是化学学习中常用的一种方法。以下是C、CH4、CO三种物质转化为CO2的转化关系,即:①C→CO2 ②CH4→CO2 ③CO→CO2,对它们的比较归纳正确的是( )
A.三种转化发生的都是化合反应 B.三种物质都可以在点燃条件下转化为二氧化碳 C.三种物质都只能跟氧气反应转化为二氧化碳D.三种转化所有生成物在常温下都是气体
11、在托盘天平的左、右盘各放一质量相同的烧杯,天平指针指向零点。往烧杯中分别加入等质量且等质量分数的稀硫酸,再分别往左、右烧杯中加入等质量的过量锌粉和铁粉,至反应完全时,天平 ( )
A.托盘左低右高 B.托盘左高右低 C.天平指针指向零点 D.无法判断
12.现有一只 “220V 100W”的白炽灯,用长导线接到家庭电路上,灯泡消耗的实际功率功率只
有81瓦,则长导线的电阻是( )
A.484Ω B.121Ω C.53.8Ω D.9Ω
13.一台电动机正常工作时线圈两端的电压为380V,线圈电阻为2?,线圈中电流为10A。这台电动机正常工作1s消耗的电能为W,产生的热量为Q,则 ( )
A.W=3800J,Q=200J B.W=3800J,Q=3800J C.W=72200J,Q=200J D.W=72200J,Q=3800J
14.一定电阻R两端所加电压从8V减小到6V时,它消耗的电功率变化了1.4W,则流过R的电流在此过程中( )
A.增大0.1A B. 减小100mA C. 增大0.7A D .减小700mA
C.都可以成为抗原 D.在生态系统中都属于分解
16.将二氧化硫与氧气按等质量混合,则混合气体中硫元素与氧元素的质量比是 ( ) A.1∶4 B.1∶3 C.1∶2 D.1∶1 18.甲乙两位同学分别按下图装置中图A、图B的装置做质量守恒定律的探究试验。他们俩的做法是:①将反应前的装置放在各自天平的左盘上,往右盘上加砝码使天平平衡。②取下装置:甲挤压胶头;乙将气球内一定量的镁粉倒入瓶中,观察到
气球逐渐胀大,最终如图C所示。③把装置放回到各自的天平上。待天平平稳后。两同学的天平所处的状态 ( )
A.甲、乙都不平衡 B.甲不平衡、乙平衡 C.甲平衡、乙不平衡 D.甲、乙都平衡 19.能源、信息和材料是现代社会发展的三大支柱,关于它们下列说法中正确的是( )
A.光电池和VCD光碟都应用了磁性材料 B.核能是无污染能源
C.光导纤维是利用超声波来传递信息的 D.雷达是利用电磁波来进行定位和导航的 二、填空实验题
21.20oC时,分别向盛有30克水的两只烧杯中加入等质量的KNO3(A杯)、NaCl(B杯)两种固体物质,使其充分溶解可观察到如右图所示的现象,则20oC时NaCl的溶解度比KNO3的溶解度 (填“大”或“小”或“不
o
可比”)。该同学又取等质量的50C时的两杯NaCl和KNO3的饱和溶液冷却到室温,发现 (填“A”或“B”)杯中有较多晶体析出,而另一杯中析出的晶体极少。小明同学由此想到,如果要除去KNO3中的少量NaCl,可采用的方法是 。
22.某纯碱样品中含有少量氯化钠杂质,现用下图所示装置来测定纯碱样品中碳酸钠的质量分数
(铁架台、铁夹等在图中均已略去)。实验步骤如下:①按图连接装置,并检查气密性;②准确称得盛有碱石灰(固体氢氧化钠和生石灰的混合物)的干燥管D的质量为A克;③准确称得B克的纯碱样品放入容器b中;④连接装置;⑤打开分液漏斗a的旋塞,缓缓滴入稀硫酸,至不再产生气泡为止;⑥打开弹簧夹,往试管A中缓缓鼓入空气数分钟,然后称得干燥管D的总质量为C克。试回答:
⑴若⑤⑥两步的实验操作太快,则会导致测定结果_ _(填“偏大”或“偏小”); ⑵步骤⑥的目的是__ __,装置A中试剂可
选用 ;
⑶若没有C装置,则会导致测定结果__ _(填“偏大”或“偏小”); ⑷E装置的作用是__ __;
⑸某同学认为此实验还缺少一个步骤,会影
响实验结果。你认为缺少的步骤是 。增加这步骤的目的是 。
23.近日有媒体报道沪杭磁悬浮列车项目已获立项,最快将于2010年开建。磁悬浮列车是一种靠 原理来驱动的交通工具。由于运行时不需接触地面,受到阻力很小,因此磁悬浮列车将 能转化为 能的转化效率很高。
24.资料显示:“氨气可在纯氧中安静燃烧??。”某校科学小组学生设计如下装置(图中铁夹等夹持装置已略去)进行氨气与氧气在不同条件下反应的实验。
(1)用装置A制取纯净、干燥的氨气,大试管内碳酸盐的化学式是 ;碱石灰的作用是 。
(2)将产生的氨气与过量的氧气通到装置B(催化剂为铂石棉)中,用酒精喷灯加热,得到两种氧化物。其中一种为氮的氧化物,氮元素与氧元素的质量比为7∶8,则氨催化氧化的化学方程式是 。
(3)将过量的氧气与A产生的氨气分别从a、b两管进气口通入装置C中,并在b管上端点燃氨气。两种气体通入的先后顺序是先通入 (填写气体化学式);其理由是: 。
25.某科学兴趣小组的同学在学习了空气中氧气含量的
测定的基础上,改进了教材中的实验,设计出了如图所示的 实验装置。实验步骤如下:
①连接仪器,检查装置气密性,发现装置气密性良好。
②在集气瓶里装进适量a体积的水,燃烧匙里放一小块白磷,在酒精
灯上把玻璃棒下端加热,按图示把集气瓶中的空气密封起来,把集气瓶内的长导管伸到瓶底,长导管的另一端放入盛有足量水的烧杯中。
③把预先加热过的玻璃棒按下与白磷接触,观察到白磷立即着火燃烧产生大量白烟,同时放热。 ④待白磷燃烧熄灭后,稍加振荡,白烟消失。
⑤待集气瓶完全冷却到室温,量出集气瓶中水的体积为b,整个集气瓶的体积为c。 ⑥根据a、b、c三个数据,计算出空气中氧气的体积分数。 根据以上信息,回答下列问题:
(1)在白磷开始燃烧到最后熄灭的过程中,集气瓶内水面的变化情况是 。 (2)若实验成功,请写出a、b、c三个数据应满足的一个等式关系 。
(3)小组成员小冰对实验前“集气瓶里装进适量a体积的水”不理解,咨询老师之后,他终于明白“a体积的水”的作用,其一是为了加快步骤⑤中集气瓶冷却速度,其二主要是 。 26.如图所示,把一个底端密闭的薄壁金属管固定在桌边, 管里放一些酒精,管口用塞子塞紧,用绳子在管外绕几圈并地来回拉动,一会看到塞子被弹起等现象。
(1)拉动绳子克服摩擦做功,是将机械能转化为 能。 (2)请说出该实验中的某一现象并简述其原因。
现象: ;原因: 。
迅速
27.喜欢打篮球或看过球赛的同学一定记得这样一个现象:篮球落地后会再弹起,但球落地后每次弹起的高度都比前一次要低些。同样,在做如图所示的实验时,也会发现滚摆每次上升的高度都比前一次要低些。你认为,发生这种现象的原因是 ;你猜想的理由是 。
28.从图中的某些曲线可以看出,酶的活性受温度、pH值的影响。请回答: (1)探索温度对酶活性影响最合理的实验步骤是 。
①取3支试管,编号并分别注入2毫升淀粉溶液
②向各试管注入1毫升淀粉酶溶液 ③向各试管滴一滴碘液
④将3支试管分别放入60℃的热水、
沸水、冰块中保持5分钟 ⑤观察实验现象
A.①②④③⑤ B.①④②③⑤ C.①②③④⑤ D.①③②④⑤
(2)图B中,反应物达到某一浓度时,反应速率不再上升,其原因是: 。 29.已知硫化铜(CuS)、硫化亚铜(Cu2S)粉末的颜色和氧化铜粉末相似且都不溶于水。在空气中煅烧硫化铜和硫化亚铜都转化为氧化铜和二氧化硫。试根据上述性质,设计一个不用任何化学试剂就能鉴别氧化铜、硫化铜、硫化亚铜三种粉末的简便化学实验方案,并将方案填写于下
30242反应,产生的气体可使燃着的木条熄灭,生成黑色粉末。反应将结束时,用橡皮塞塞好试管,稍冷后,打开塞子将所得的黑色粉末撒在石棉网上,便会立即自燃起来。试回答下列问题: (1)黑色粉末是什么物质?为什么在空气中自燃: 。 (2)反应结束时,用橡皮塞塞好试管有何作用: 。 31.某实验小组欲证明氧化铜能加快氯酸钾的分解,他们进行了如下实验: ①称取x g胆矾晶体,研细后加入10 mL蒸馏水溶解;
②将足量的NaOH溶液与上述溶液充分反应,生成蓝色沉淀, 过滤后洗涤沉淀;
③将所得沉淀转移到坩埚中,均匀缓慢加热至完全变为黑色, 研细备用;
④按下表中的质量混合好固体后,在相同条件下加热,并与 MnO2的催化效果做比较,实验时间均以生成50 mL气体 为准(见图甲),其他可能影响实验的因素均忽略。 回答下列问题:
(1)若50 mL量气管中液面的位置如图乙所示,A与B
刻度间相差1 mL,刻度A为19,则此时气体的读数
为 。
(2)如果要进一步探究CuO在反应中是否起到催化作用,
请完成后续实验。
32.地球变暖是由于大气中二氧化碳等温室气体体积分数增大,它们能更多地吸收地表辐射能量从而导致气温升高的结果。下列现象中,在地球变暖的过程中可能出现的是 。
A.极地的冰将更多地融化 B.海水的蒸发量将增多 C.植物的成长将趋缓 D.大气中水的含量将增大 E.海水的二氧化碳溶解度将升高
33.某研究性学习小组为测定某水垢中含CaCO3的质量分数,设计了如下实验装置,其主要实验
步骤如下:
①按如图所示组装仪器,将100 g水垢试样放入锥形瓶中,加入50mL的盐酸溶液; ②测量一定时间内干燥管内物质增加的质量;
③待锥形瓶中不再产生气泡时,打开活塞B,从导管A处缓缓鼓入一定量的空气; ④再次称量干燥管内物质增加的质量;
⑤重复③和④的操作,直至干燥管内物质质量不变。
(1)步骤①加入样品前还应检查 。 (2)装置Ⅱ的作用是 ;从导管A处缓缓鼓入一定的空气时,装置Ⅰ的作用是 。 (3)实验后同学们对测定值进行了讨论,有的说,该水垢中所含CaCO3的质量分数的测定值有
可能偏低,有的说还可能偏高,并分别说出了自己的分析意见。 (相对原子质量:Fe—56;Ca—40;Mg—24;C—12;O—16)
关于测定值偏高或偏低的讨论请发表你的观点并说明理由 。
34.用氯气或液氯消毒饮用水时,会和水中的有机物发生反应,生成
对人体有毒的有机物。因此,世界环保联盟将全面禁止用氯气对饮用水消毒,建议推广采用安全、高效杀菌消毒剂ClO2。ClO2 是一种黄绿色、有刺激性气味的气体,熔点:-59.0℃,沸点:11.0℃,冷却至11.0℃以下时变成红色液体,易溶于水,见光易分解。ClO2
易与碱反应,其杀菌、漂白能力均优于Cl2,消毒水体时不生成有害物质,也不存在用氯气消毒时残留的臭味。
(1)我国最近研究成功用Cl2和NaClO2(N2保护下)制取ClO2,同时有NaCl生成,该反应的
化学方程式是 。
(2)工业上也可以在60℃时,用稍加潮湿的KClO3与草酸(C2H2O4)反应制取ClO2。某实验小
组用如图所示装置制取并收集ClO2,在装置图中A为ClO2的发生装置,B为ClO2的收集装置,C装置中盛放氢氧化钠溶液。请问:
①实验时,在A装置外面需再加一个水浴装置,这样做的目的是 ;B装置外加冰水冷却,实验时在B试管中可观察到的现象是 。 ②C装置的作用是 。
三、计算题
35.有一种测量压力的测力计,其原理图如图甲所示,电源电压为6V,并保持不变;R是一个压
敏电阻,R的阻值可随压力F的大小变化而改变,其关系如图乙所示;R0是一个阻值为40Ω的定值电阻,它能对压敏电阻R起保护作用;显示器显示测量的压力大小(实质是一个量程为0—3V的电压表)。
(1)根据图象,归纳出R的阻值随压力F的大小变化的关系式; (2)测力计读数为0N时,求电压表的示数和电路上消耗的电功率;
(3)当电压表的示数如图丙所示时,求压力传感器R上的电压及被测的压力;
(4)通过推导压力F的大小与电压表示数U的关系式,说明该测力显示器的刻度是否均匀。
V
50
0 50 100 150 200
甲 乙 丙
中考科学之错题精选(一) 参考答案
一、选择题
l、A 2、A 3、B 4、D 5、B 6、C 7、B 8、B 9、C 10、B
11、C 12、C 13、A 14、B 15、D 16、B 17、D 18、A 19、D 20、B
二、填空实验题
21.大 A 将固体溶于水配成热的浓溶液,再冷却结晶、过滤
22. ⑴偏小;⑵把装置中的二氧化碳气体赶到D装置中去,氢氧化钠;⑶偏大;⑷防止外界的水蒸气或二氧化碳被D吸收;⑸连接D之前先通一会经过处理的空气。赶出装置内的二氧化碳,避免装置内原有的二氧化碳影响实验结果。
23. 同名磁极互相排斥或异名磁极互相吸引 电 机械
24. (1)(NH4)2CO3[或NH4HCO3]; 吸收水和二氧化碳
(2) 4NH3+5O2 4NO+6H2O
(3)O2 ; 若先通氨气,氨气在空气中不能被点燃,逸出会造成污染
25. (1)先下降后上升; (2)c+4a=5b 或[b-a=1/5(c-a)];
(3)吸收白磷燃烧生成的五氧化二磷;(4)可能是白磷燃烧生成的五氧化二磷溶于水,导致溶液显酸性(或五氧化二磷与水反应生成酸); (5)偏大。
26. (1)内(热) (2)现象:塞子被弹起; 原因:筒内气体膨胀对活塞做功(或内能转化为机械能)(或 现象:筒口出现白雾;原因:气体膨胀做功,内能减小,温度降低,液化成小液滴 或 现象:筒壁发热; 原因:摩擦生热,机械能转化为内能。)
27. 空气有阻力; 由于空气阻力的存在,部分机械能转化为内能。
28. (1)B (2)溶液中酶的数量(或浓度)有限
29.
30. (1(2)避免外界空气进入与铁粉反应。 (3)表面积大,反应快。
△ (4)FeC2O4·2H2
31. (1)19.8 (2)
32. A B D 33. (1)装置的气密性; (2)吸收CO2中的水蒸气;(2分)除去空气中的CO2; (3)偏低,所加入的盐酸如果用量不足(偏少),可能导致测定值偏低;水垢中可能含有(FeCO3等)其它与盐酸反应产生酸性气体的化学物质。或偏高,加入盐酸溶液后产生的CO2气体中含有氯化氢气体杂质也被碱石灰吸收;水垢中可能含有(MgCO3等)其它与盐酸反应产生酸性气体的化学物质;称量干燥管内物质增加的质量时,没有密封两端,致使空气中水份和CO2气体也被碱石灰吸收。
34. (1)2NaClO2+ Cl2 = 2ClO2↑ +2NaCl (2)①控制反应温度在60℃左右;出现黄绿色气体、红色液体, ②吸收尾气,防止污染环境
35.(1)R=200Ω-12Ω/25N·F (2分) (2)1伏;0.15瓦(各1分)
(3)4伏;250牛(各1分)
(4)F=500-500/U F与U成反比,所以显示器刻度不均匀。(各1分)
11
作文六:《浮力中考题》4600字
一、选择题 B(小鱼受到的浮力等于它排开的水重 1((2009年常德市)如图所示,杯子中装满水,现向杯C(石块受到的浮力等于它自身的重力 中轻轻放入一个小木块,小木块漂浮在水面,则放入木块D(海螺受到的浮力等于水对它的压力差 后( B ) 9((2009年江西省南昌市)“远征号”潜水艇从长江某A(水对杯底的压强增大 基地赴东海执行任务过程中( A ) B(水对杯底的压强不变 A(潜水艇在海水中潜行时所受的浮力大于在江水中潜行C(水对杯底的压力增大 D(水对杯底的压力减小 时所受的浮力
2((2009年常德市)一艘轮船从长江驶入东海,比较轮B(潜水艇在海水中潜行时所受的浮力等于在江水中潜行船在长江与东海里所受的浮力,下列说法中正确的是时所受的浮力
( A ) C(潜水艇在海水中潜行时所受的重力小于在江水中潜行A(由于轮船始终浮在水面上,所以它受到的浮力不变 时所受的重力
B(由于海水的密度大,所以轮船在海洋里受到的浮力大 D(潜水艇在海水中潜行时所受的重力等于在江水中潜行C(由于轮船排开海水的体积小,所以它在海洋里受到的时所受的重力
浮力小 10((2009威海市)向一个质量可以忽略不计的塑料瓶D(由于轮船排开海水的体积大,所以它在海洋里受到的的液体后密闭,把它分别放在盛有密度中装入密度为ρA
浮力大 为ρ、ρ两种液体的容器中,所受浮力分别为F、F,甲乙甲乙3((2009年湖北省宜昌市)一艘轮船在海上遭遇风暴沉如图10所示,下列判断正确的是( BD ) 没,它从开始下沉到完全没入水中前,所受到的浮力变化A(ρ大于ρ F大于F 甲乙甲乙
B(ρ情况是( A ) 小于ρ F等于F 甲乙甲乙
A(增大B(不变 C(减小 D(无法判断 C(ρ大于ρ ρ小于ρ 甲乙乙A
4((2009年莆田市)下列情形中,浮力增大的是( D ) D(ρ小于ρ ρ大于ρ 甲乙乙A
A(游泳者从海水中走上沙滩 B(轮船从长江驶入大海 二、填空题
C(海面下的潜艇在下潜 11((2009年黔东南州)一个质量为0(06 kg的鸡蛋悬D(“微山湖”号补给舰在码头装载货物 浮在一杯盐水中不动时它受到的浮力是 0(6 N。当向5((2009年山东省德州市德城区)物体在液体中受到的杯中加盐时,鸡蛋将 上浮 (选填“上浮”“悬浮”或浮力大小( D ) “下沉”)(g 取10 N/kg)
A(和物体本身的重力大小有关 12((2009年安徽省)密度计是用来
测量液体密度的仪器,测量时漂浮在 B(和物体的体积大小有关 C(和物体的密度大小有关
D(和物体排开液体的体积大小有关 被测液体中。如图,用同一支密度计 6((2009年济宁市)物理小组制作的潜水艇模型如图所分别测量甲、乙两种液体的密度,则 示。通过胶管A从烧瓶中吸气或向烧瓶中吹气,就可使烧密度计在两种液体里受到的浮力大小F = F,两种甲乙瓶下沉、上浮或悬浮。当烧瓶处于如图所示的悬浮状态时,液体的密度ρ甲 ”、“=”或“<”) 若从A管吸气,烧瓶将会( C ) 13((2009年湖北省宜昌市)一个重5N的石块,挂在弹A( 上浮,它受到的浮力增大 簧测力计上,将它浸没在盛满水的溢水杯中时弹簧测力计B(下沉,它受到的浮力减小 的示数是3N,则石块受到的浮力是 2 N,溢出水的重C(下沉,它受到的浮力不变 力是 2 N。
D(上浮,它受到的浮力不变 14((2009年山东省德州市德城区)将一恰能在水中悬7((2009年山西省太原市)把质量相等的实心木球和实浮的实心小物块投入装满水的烧杯,则烧杯底部受到水的心铝球浸没于某种液体中,放手后,木球悬浮而铝球下沉,压强将 不变 (选填“增大”、“减小”或“不变”)。静止后它们所受浮力的大小关系是( C ) 用与物块相同的材料制成一个l0dm3的实心物体,则物体A(F,FB(F,F C(F,F D(无法确定 木铝木铝木铝质量为 10 kg。
8((2009年哈尔滨市)木头、小鱼、石块、海螺在水中15((2009年山东省德州市德城区) 的位置如图所示,分析它们所受的浮力,错误的是 ( C ) 某同学用如图所示的装置,研究物块 A(木头受到的浮力等于它自身的重力
~海量资源尽在本账号~
受到液体的浮力。弹簧测力计吊着物 23((哈尔滨市2009年)如图所示,是物体浸入水中前块在空气中称时,读数为3N;当把物 后弹簧测力计的示数(由此可知水对物体的浮力
33块浸没在煤油中称时,读数为2(5N, kg,m。 是 1 N,物体的密度是 4×10此时物块受煤油的浮力为 0(5 N。当把物块浸没在水
中称时,读数为 小于 2(5N(大于/小于/等于)。由
此可得出结论: 浸没在液体中的物体所受的浮力跟 液
体密度 有关。
16((2009年芜湖市)我们常用成语“冰山一角”
形容事物显露出来的仅仅是其很小的一部分。事实上,冰
山浮在海水中的确只露出“一角”,更多的部分还浸没在
海面之下,那么,浸没在海面之下的部分约占冰山总体积
333的 87(4 ,(ρ=1(03×10kg,m,ρ=0(9×10kg24((江苏省2009年)一只苹果的质量为140g、体积为海水冰
3-43,m)。 1(8×10m,用手将其浸没在水中时,苹果受到的浮力17((2009年襄樊市)体积为100厘米3的实心铁球浸为1(8 N(g取10N/kg),松手后苹果将上浮 (选填没在水中,铁球受到的浮力为 1 牛,浮力的方向是 竖“上浮”、“下沉”或“悬浮”)。
33直向上 的。(g取10N,kg) 25((2009年娄底市)把重10N,体积为1(2×10cm18((2009年烟台市)潜水艇能够上浮和下沉是通过 改的物体投入水中,当物体静止时,物体的状态是 漂浮 。变自身重力 来实现的。 (填“漂浮”、“悬浮”、“沉到水底”) 19((2009年潍坊市)如图所示,新鲜的鸡蛋放在水中三、实验探究题
会下沉。如果向水中加盐并轻轻搅拌,鸡蛋会 上浮 ,26((2009年安顺市)在“探究浮力的大小跟哪些因素这一现象说明:液体密度越大,鸡蛋受的浮力越大 。 有关”时,同学们提出了如下的猜想: 20((2009年潍坊市)今年4月,为庆祝人民海军建军?可能跟物体浸入液体的深度有关; 60周年,我潜艇部队参加了在青岛举行的海军检阅活动。?可能跟物体的重力有关;
33某潜水艇的总体积为1(5×10m,最大下潜深度350m ?可能跟物体的体积有关;
,此潜艇位于海面以下100m处时受到的浮力大小?可能跟物体浸入液体的体积有关;
76是 1(545×10N,受到海水的压强是 1(03×10 Pa。?可能跟液体的密度有关。
33(海水的密度为1(03×10Kg/m,取g=10N/g) 为了验证上述猜想,小明做了如图所示的实验;他在弹簧21((2009年成都市)如图所示,金 测力计下端挂一个铁块,依次把它缓缓地浸入水中不同位鱼吐出的气泡在水中上升的过程中, 置,在这一实验中:
气泡受到水的压强将 变小 1) 铁块分别在水中1-2-3 (填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”); 的位置,观察弹簧测力计的
气泡受到水的浮力将 变大 (填“变大”、“变小”或示数怎样变化,在位置3-4
“不变”)。 中,弹簧测力计的示数又怎
22((2009年恩施自治州)某 样变化,能说明什么问题。
同学用弹簧测力计、量筒、水和 2) 比较实验的整个过程,
石块做探究“浮力与物体所排开 分析弹簧测力计的示数的变化规律,可以总结出什么结的液体的重力的关系”实验,实验 论。能证明上述哪个猜想是正确的, 中的几个情景如图所示。据此可 参考答案:
以得出: (1)变小,不变,说明物体受到的浮力与浸入液体
的深度无关。 1) 石块所受的浮力: 3 N;
2)石块排开的水的重力: 1 N;
3)本探究实验可以得出的结论: F=G 。 (2)物体浸入液体的体积越大,受到的浮力越大,浮排
能证明猜想?正确。
~海量资源尽在本账号~
27((2009年福州市)翔翔在家探究鸡蛋受到的浮力大 (2)向量筒内加水并搅拌,直到鸡蛋下沉。 小与哪些因素有关,如图所示。请仔细观察图示并回答下30((2009年山东威海市)小明同学注意到新闻节目中列问题: 经常报道国际原油价格涨至多少美元一桶,又报道我国进(1)从A、B两图可知, 口原油价格每吨提高多少元。他想知道原油的单位“桶”鸡蛋在水中受到的浮力大小 和质量常用单位“吨”之间有什么关系。经过努力,小明是 0(5 N。 设法获得“胜利原油”样品若干,并将密度为0(6×
33(3(2)根据B、C两实验,他就得 10kg/m体积为200cm的立方体木块放入原油中,木块出鸡蛋受到的浮力大小与液体 漂浮在油面上,经测量木块有1/3的体积露出油面的密度有关,你认为对吗, 不对 ,理由是 实验中没(g=10N/kg)。求:(1)木块受到的浮力; 有控制鸡蛋排开液体的体积相同 。
3)在如图的实验中,你还可以观察到什么现象,
(写出一个) 浸没在水中的鸡蛋看起来比在空气中的大(2)原油的密度;
(或鸡蛋浸入盐水中的部分看起来比空气中的大) 。
28((2009年四川省绵阳市)小军同学在探究“浮力的
3大小等于什么”时,用弹簧秤、塑料块、烧杯、小桶等进(3)若每桶原油的体积为1/6m,1吨原油等于多少桶,
33行实验操作测量,如图a、b、c是其中的三个步骤示意图, 参考答案:(1)浮力1(2N;(2)油的密度0(9×10kg/m;还差一个步骤图d,才能完成探究任务,则d是测量 空(3)6(7桶。
3 31((2009年雅安市)把体积为1dm小桶的重力 的。设四个图中弹簧秤的读数分别是的空心铜球挂在FFFF。由四个图中 a、b 两个图的弹簧秤的读数弹簧秤上,浸没在水中静止时,弹簧秤的示数是放在空气1(2(3(4
可以求出塑料块受到的浮力;被排开液体的重力
为 F-F ;如果关系式 F-F=F-F 成立,就可以得34433中称时的,已知ρ=9(0×10kg/m。(取g=10N/kg),铜到著名的阿基米德原理。
求:(1)铜球受到的浮力是多少,
(2)铜球的重力是多少,
(3)铜球空心部分的体积是多少, 四、计算题
29((2009年山东临沂)在研究物体的浮沉条件实
33验中,张聪同学将鸡蛋放入装有密度为1(1×10kg/m
盐水的量筒中,如图所示,鸡蛋恰好能处于静止状态,测
33得鸡蛋排开盐水的体积是5×10m(g=10N/kg)
(1)该鸡蛋的重力是多少,
(2)请说出使鸡蛋下沉的可行方案
参考答案:
33 (1)鸡蛋受到的浮力:F=ρgV=1(1×10kg/m浮液排
-53×10N/kg×5×10m=0(55N
鸡蛋处于悬浮状态:F=G 浮
鸡蛋的重力:G=0(55N
~海量资源尽在本账号~
作文七:《《故乡》中考题》8600字
2013中考语文:《故乡》阅读答案
①“你休息一两天,去拜望亲戚本家一回,我们便可以走了。”母亲说。
“是的。”
“还有闰土,他每到我家来时,总问起你,很想见你 一回面。我已经将你到家的大约日期通知他,他也许就要来了。
这时候,我的脑里忽然闪出一幅神异的图画来:深蓝的天空中挂着一轮金黄的圆月,下面是海边的沙地,都种着一望无际的碧绿的西瓜,其间有一个十一二岁的少年,项带银圈,手捏一柄钢叉,向一匹猹尽力的刺去,那猹却将身一扭,反从他的胯下逃走了。
②我想到希望,忽然害怕起来了。闰土要香炉和烛台的时候,我还暗地里笑他,以为他总是崇拜偶像,什么时候都不忘却。现在我所谓希望,不也是我自己手制的偶像么?只是他的愿望切近,我的愿望茫远罢了。
我在朦胧中,眼前展开一片海边碧绿的沙地来,上面深蓝的天空中挂着一轮金黄的圆月。我想:希望是本无所谓有,无所谓无的。这正如地上的路;其实地上本没有路,走的人多了,也便成了路。 (《故乡》)
1、上面两段选文划线句的景物描写大致相同,在文中的作用相同吗?试作分析。(3分) 不相同。①中的故乡是“我”的记忆中的美丽的故乡,表现“我”对过去的故乡的怀念神往(1分);用环境烘托少年闰土“小英雄”的形象,为下文中年闰土的出现作对比的伏笔(1分);
②中的故乡实际上是“我”心目中的未来的故乡的理想画面,表现我对未来新故乡,新生活的向往(1分)。
2、闰土的愿望既然是“切近”的,为何我还要“暗地里笑他”?(2分)
闰土的愿望只是希望自己一家人能过上幸福生活,因而是“切近”的(1分),但是他把希望寄托在泥塑木雕上,又是愚昧的,不能实现的。(1分)
3、从“我想到希望,忽然害怕”到选文结尾关于希望的比喻,分别表现了“我”怎样的心理。(2分)
“我”的“害怕”是因为看到故乡破败萧条的现状和故乡人的变化,使我虽然对新生活充满向往,又对能否实现希望而感到迷惘(1分);结尾的希望则表现了“我”追求新生活的执着坚定的信念。(1分)
(一)阅读《故乡》选段,完成各题。
①这进来的便是闰土。 我一见便知道是闰土, 又不是我记忆上的闰土了。他身材增加了一倍;先前的紫色圆脸,已经变作灰黄,而且加上了很深的皱纹;眼睛也像他的父亲一样,周围都肿得通红,这我知道,在海边种地的人,终日吹着海风,大抵是这样的。他的头上是一顶毡帽,身上只一件极薄的棉衣,浑身sèsuǒ( )( )着;手里提着一个纸包和一支长烟管,那手也不是我所记得的红活圆实的手,却又粗又笨而且开裂,像是松树皮了。
②我这时很兴奋,但不知道怎么说才好,只是说:
“阿!闰土哥,——你来了???”
③我接着便有许多话,想要连珠一般涌出:角鸡,跳鱼儿,贝壳,猹,??但又总觉得被什么挡住似的,单在脑子里回旋,吐不出口外去。
④他站住了,脸上现出欢喜和凄凉的神情;动着嘴唇,却没有作声。他态度终于恭敬起来了。分明地叫道:
“老爷!??”
⑤我似乎打了一个寒噤( );我就知道,我们之间已经隔了一层可悲的厚障壁了。我也说不出话。
8.在语段中的括号内根据拼音写出恰当的词语,并给加点字注音。(2分) ①sèsuǒ( )( ) ②寒噤( )
9.在语段的横线上应该填入的关联词语是〖 A 〗(2分)
A.虽然??但是?? B.既然??那么?? C.即使??也?? D.既然??但是??
10.选段中第一段从 、 、 五个方面对闰土的肖像作了细致的描写。(3分)
11.第一段的“这我知道”中的“这”指代的是(2分)
12.“老爷!”闰土这样称呼“我”的原因是(2分)
13.第五段中的“厚障壁”一词用了 修辞手法,它的含义是(3分) 14*“他站住了,脸上现出欢喜和凄凉的神情”一句中,闰土见了“我”之后,为什么会现出“欢喜”和“凄凉”的神情?(3分)
(二)阅读下面文段,完成相关问题。
①老屋离我愈远了;故乡的山水也都渐渐远离了我,但我却并不感到怎样的留恋。我只觉得我四面有看不见的高墙,将我隔成孤身,使我非常气闷;那西瓜地上的银项圈的小英雄的影像,我本来十分清楚,现在却忽地模糊了,又使我非常的悲哀。
②我躺着,听船底潺潺的水声,知道我在走我的路。我想:我竟与闰土隔绝到这地步了,但我们的后辈还是一气,宏儿不是正在想念水生么。我希望他们不再像我,又大家隔膜起来??然而我又不愿意他们因为要一气,都如我的辛苦展转而生活,也不愿意他们都如闰土的辛苦麻木而生活,也不原意都如别人的辛苦恣睢而生活。他们应该有新的生活,为我们所未经生活过的。
③我想到希望,忽然害怕起来了。闰土要香炉和烛台的时候,我暗地里笑他,以为他总是崇拜偶像A,什么时候都不忘却。现在我所谓希望,不也是自己手制的偶像B么?只是他的希望切近,我的愿望茫远罢了。
④我在蒙眬中,眼前展开一片海边碧绿的沙地来,上面深蓝的天空中挂着一轮金黄的圆月。我想:希望是本无所谓有,无所谓无的。这正如地上的路;其实,地上本没有路,走的人多了,也便成了路。
18.第③段中说“我想到希望,忽然害怕起来了”,“我”害怕什么?(2分) 19.第③段中画线的句子使用了哪些修辞手法?(2分)
20.第④段中,作者在文章的最后结尾处为什么又重写这些美好的景物?(2分) 21.第④段中画线句子有什么深刻含义?谈谈你的理解。(2分)
22.第③段中加点的“偶像”一词有什么特殊含义?请分别解释。(2分) “偶像”A: ; “偶像”B:。
23.第④段中“我想”后面的冒号的作用是(2分)
24.解释第②段中加点的三个“辛苦”的含义。(3分)
“辛苦展转”“辛苦麻木” “辛苦恣睢”25.为什么说闰土的希望“迫近”,“我”的希望“茫远”?(2分)
(三)阅读下面选文,回答 14——18题。(13分)
(1) 这进来的便是闰土。虽然我一见便知道是闰土,但是又不是我记忆上的闰土了。他身材增加了一倍;先前的紫色圆脸,已经变作灰黄,而且加上了很深的皱纹;眼睛也像他的父亲一样,周围都肿得通红,这我知道,在海边种地的人,终日吹着海风,大抵是这样的。他的头上是一顶毡帽,身上只一件极薄的棉衣,浑身sèsuǒ着;手里提着一个纸包和一支长烟管,那手也不是我所记得的红活圆实的手,却又粗又笨而且开裂,像是松树皮了。
(2)我这时很兴奋,但不知道怎么说才好,只是说:
(3)"阿!闰土哥,--你来了???"
(4)我接着便有许多话,想要连珠一般涌出:角鸡,跳鱼,贝壳,猹,??但又总觉得被什么挡着似的,单在脑里面回旋,吐不出口外去。
(5)他站住了,脸上现出欢喜和凄凉的神情;动着嘴唇,却没有作声。他的态度终于恭敬起来了,分明的叫道:
(6)"老爷!??"
(7)我似乎打了一个寒噤;我就知道,我们之间已经隔了一层可悲的厚障壁了。我也说不出话。
??
(8)老屋离我愈远了;故乡的山水也都渐渐远离了我,但我却并不感到怎样的留恋。我只觉得我四面有看不见的高墙,将我隔成孤身,使我非常气闷;那西瓜地上银项圈的小英雄的影像,我本来十分清楚,现在却忽地模糊了,又使我非常的悲哀。
(9)母亲和宏儿都睡着了。
(10) 我躺着,听船底潺潺的水声??。
(11)我想到希望,忽然害怕起来了.闰土要香炉和烛台的时候,我还暗地里笑他,以为他总是崇拜偶像,什么时候都不忘却.现在我所谓希望,不也是我自己手制的偶像么?知识他的愿望切近,我的愿望茫远罢了。
(12)我在蒙眬中,眼前展开一片海边碧绿的沙地来,上面深蓝的天空中挂着一轮金黄的圆月。我想:希望是本无所谓有,无所谓无的。这正如地上的路;其实地上本没有路,走的人多了,也便戍了路。
14、体会选文第(1)段中加点的词语,写出它们在文中的表达效果。(3分)
15、选出下列对中年闰土的形象理解正确的一项。(2分)
A. 闰土受到多重压迫,生活艰辛,但满怀希望,充满活力.。
B.苦难的生活改变了闰土的外表,并没有改变他的内心世界。
C.闰土遵守社会的礼法,并以此处理与“我”的关系。
D.闰土见“我”时虽然没有很多的言语,但儿时的记忆不会忘却,两个人的心灵又融合一处。
16、概括选文第(8)——(12)段的内容。(3分)
17、人们都说“月是故乡明”,你认为这次离开故乡的“我”还会有这种感受吗?(3分)
18、“我”对现实的故乡产生了深深的困惑,根据你的理解,写出困惑体现在哪些方面?(写出两个即可)(3分)
(四) 阅读下面的选文,然后回答5~9题。(16分)
“你休息一两天,去拜望亲戚本家一回,我们便可以走了。”母亲说。 “是的。”
“还有闰土,他每到我家来时,总问起你,很想见你一回面。我已经将你到家的大约日期通知他,他也许要来了。”
这时候,我的脑里忽然闪出一幅神异的图画来:深蓝的天空中挂着一轮金黄的圆月??
这少年便是闰土??
??
第二日,我便要他捕鸟。他说:
“这不能。须大雪下了才好。我们沙地上,下了雪,我扫出一块空地来,用短棒支起一个大竹匾,撒下秕谷,看鸟雀来吃时,我远远地将缚在棒上的绳子只一拉,那鸟雀就罩在竹匾下了。什么都有:稻鸡,角鸡,鹁鸪,蓝背??” 我于是又很盼望下雪。
闰土又对我说: “现在太冷,你夏天到我们这里来。我们日里到海边检贝壳去,红的绿的都有,鬼见怕也有, 观音手也有。晚上我和爹管西瓜去,你也去。” “管贼么?”
“不是。走路的人口渴了摘一个瓜吃,我们这里是不算偷的。要管的是獾猪,刺猬,猹。月亮地下,你听,啦啦的响了,猹在咬瓜了。你便捏了胡叉,轻轻地走去??”
现在我的母亲提起了他,我这儿时的记忆,忽而全都闪电似的苏生过来,似乎看到了我的美丽的故乡了。我应声说“
“这好极!他,——怎样???”
“他???他景况也很不如意??”母亲说着??
??
??
我躺着,听着船底潺潺的水声,知道我在走我的路。我想:我竟与闰土隔绝到这地步了,但我们的后辈还是一气,宏儿不是正想着水生么。我希望他们不再像我,又大家隔膜起来??然而我又不愿意他们因为要一气,都如我的辛苦展转而生活,也不愿意他们都如闰土的辛苦麻木而生活,也不愿意都如别人的辛苦恣睢而生活。他们应该有新的生活,为我们所未经生活过的。
5、选文中画线的句子运用了哪种描写人物的方法?你从中感悟到了什么?(3分)
6、中年闰土与“我”不像儿时那样平等、自由交流的根本原因是什么? (3分)
7、有人说,中年闰土对“我”的感情已经消失;也有人说,中年闰土对我的感情并没有消失。你同意哪一种说法?请从选文中找出依据(不少于三处)(3分)
8、“中年闰土”、“我”、“母亲”这三个人物中,你最喜欢谁?请说出喜欢的理由。(4分)
(一)阅读《故乡》选段,完成各题。
8.①sè suǒ(瑟)(索)②寒噤(jìn)
9.在语段的横线上应该填入的关联词语是〖 A 〗(2分)A.虽然??但是??
10.选段中第一段从 身材 、 脸 、 眼睛 、 服饰(衣着) 、 手 等五个方面对闰土的肖像作了细致的描写。(3分)
11.第一段的“这我知道”中的“这”指代的是(2分) 指代的是“在海边种地的人,眼睛周围都肿得通红。
12.“老爷!”闰土这样称呼“我”的原因是(2分) 指闰土深受封建等级观念和尊卑有序的封建礼教束缚。
13.第五段中的“厚障壁”一词用了 比喻(借喻) 修辞手法,它的含义是(3分) 指的是“我”和闰土之间所产生的心灵上的隔膜。
14为什么会现出“欢喜”和“凄凉”的神情?(3分) 答:“欢喜”写出了闰土见到童年好友是高兴的,但二十几年的世态炎凉使他感到痛苦,难堪,所以脸上又现出“凄凉的神情”。
(二)阅读《故乡》选段,完成下面问题。
18“我”害怕希望不能实现。
19. 反问和比喻。
20. 表现了“我”对“希望”的美好憧憬。
21. 希望的有无如同地上的路,努力去实践就有希望,不去实践就没有希望。
22“偶像”A:指的是闰土所崇拜的神佛; “偶像”B:指的是“我”手制的希望。
23.提示(引出)下文。
24. “辛苦辗转”的意思是像“我”那样异地谋生,到处奔波,生活不安定。 “辛苦麻木”的意思是像闰土那样在社会的重压下贫困艰辛,精神萎靡而麻木。“辛苦恣睢”的意思是像杨二嫂那样生活每况愈下而尖刻、泼辣、放肆、自私自利。
25. 闰土的愿望只是希望眼前能过上幸福生活,所以说“切近”;我的愿望是普天下的人都过上自由、平等、幸福的生活,“我”的愿望能否实现还是未知数,所以茫远。
(三)答案提示
14、通过对比,形象地写出了闰土的外貌(肖像)变化,反映了闰土艰难困苦的生活。
15、C
16、写“我”离开故乡时的感受。
17、“我”漂泊在外,对故乡一直怀有美好的回忆,看到故乡衰败冷落的现实,深感悲哀失望,但内心深处还是怀着对故乡美好未来的憧憬。
18、如:为什么纯真的人性被扭曲了?
为什么故乡人的生命和活力被扼杀?
为什么理想的人与人关系缺失?
愚昧、落后、贫穷为什么轮回?
故乡的希望在哪里???
(四)(16分)
5、语言(对话)描写,1分;当地淳朴的民风,1分;少年闰土善良的性格,1分;
6、封建等级观念(礼教观念)的束缚(毒害),3分。
7、没有消失。依据:①我的母亲曾对“我”说:“他每到我家来时,总问起你,很想见你一面。”②闰土得知“我”要回来的消息时,对“我”母亲说:“我实在欢喜的了不得。”③在贫困的情况下,还送给我“干青豆”。④闰土看见“我”时,“脸上现出欢喜(和凄凉)的神情;动着嘴唇,却没有作声。答出其中三点即可,每项得1分;计3分。
8、此题为开放性试题,无惟一答案。(本题满分4分)
喜欢“母亲”的理由:她心地善良,关心、同情闰土,送东西给闰土,2分;没有等级观念,仍希望闰土与“我”哥弟相称,2分;计4分。
喜欢“我”的理由:珍惜童年的友谊,1分;同情中年闰土的困苦与不幸,1分; 否定封建的等级观念(渴望打破封建的尊卑秩序),1分;心中怀有创建新生活的美好愿望,1分;计4分
喜欢“中年闰土”的理由:珍惜童年的友谊,2分;勤劳、善良,生活贫困还送我干青豆,2分;计4分。
2004年沈阳市
(二)阅读下面选文,回答 14——18题。(13分)
(1)这来的便是闰土。??。
??
(8)老屋离我愈远了;故乡的山水也都渐渐远离了我,但我却并不感到怎样的留恋。我只觉得我四面有看不见的高墙,将我隔成孤身,使我非常气闷;那西瓜地上银项圈的小英雄的影像,我本来十分清楚,现在却忽地模糊了,又使我非常的悲哀。
(9)母亲和宏儿都睡着了。
(10) 我躺着,听船底潺潺的水声??。
(11)我想到希望,忽然害怕起来了.闰土要香炉和烛台的时候,我还暗地里笑他,以为他总是崇拜偶像,什么时候都不忘却.现在我所谓希望,不也是我自己手制的偶像么?知识他的愿望切近,我的愿望茫远罢了。
(12)我在蒙眬中,眼前展开一片海边碧绿的沙地来,上面深蓝的天空中挂着一轮金黄的圆月。我想:希望是本无所谓有,无所谓无的。这正如地上的路;其实地上本没有路,走的人多了,也便戍了路。
14、体会选文第(1)段中加点的词语,写出它们在文中的表达效果。(3分)
15、选出下列对中年闰土的形象理解正确的一项。(2分)
A. 闰土受到多重压迫,生活艰辛,但满怀希望,充满活力.。
B.苦难的生活改变了闰土的外表,并没有改变他的内心世界。
C.闰土遵守社会的礼法,并以此处理与“我”的关系。
D.闰土见“我”时虽然没有很多的言语,但儿时的记忆不会忘却,两个人的心灵又融合一处。
16、概括选文第(8)——(12)段的内容。(3分)
17、人们都说“月是故乡明”,你认为这次离开故乡的“我”还会有这种感受吗?(3分)
18、“我”对现实的故乡产生了深深的困惑,根据你的理解,写出困惑体现在哪些方面?(写出两个即可)(3分)
答案提示
14、通过对比,形象地写出了闰土的外貌(肖像)变化,反映了闰土艰难困苦的生活。
15、C
16、写“我”离开故乡时的感受。
17、“我”漂泊在外,对故乡一直怀有美好的回忆,看到故乡衰败冷落的现实,深感悲哀失望,但内心深处还是怀着对故乡美好未来的憧憬。
18、如:为什么纯真的人性被扭曲了?为什么故乡人的生命和活力被扼杀?为什么理想的人与人关系缺失?愚昧、落后、贫穷为什么轮回?故乡的希望在哪里???
2004年辽宁省
(一)
阅读下面的选文,然后回答5—9题。(20分)
②时候既然是深冬;渐近故乡时,天气又阴晦了,冷风吹进船舱中,呜呜的响,从篷隙向外一望,苍黄的天底下,远近横着几个萧索的荒村,没有一些活气。我的心禁不住悲
凉起来了。
??
?我在蒙眬中,眼前展开一片海边碧绿的沙地来,上面深蓝的天空中挂着一轮金黄的圆月。我想:希望是本无所谓有,无所谓无的。这正如地上的路;其实地上本没有路,走的人多了,也便成了路。
5.“我”面对久别重逢的闰土,由“不知道怎样说才好”直至“说不出话”的根本原因,有以下几种理解,选出正确的一项。(3分) ( )
A、“我”和闰土有许多话想说,却不知从何说起。
B、闰土不如从前那样喜爱交流,变得沉默寡言。
C、闰土的思想发生了深刻的变化,漠视彼此友情。
D、闰土信守的封建等级观念让“我“感到无限悲凉。
6、选文第③段画横线的句子属于哪种人物描写方法?其作用是什么?(4分)
7、选文第②段和第 ?段的自然环境描写各有什么作用?(4分)
8、面对中年闰土,“我”对少年闰土仍念念不忘,对往事依然怀有深深的眷恋之情。选文中哪几处流露出了“我”的这种思想感情?(4分)
9、选文出自鲁迅的哪部短篇小说集?在他的散文集《朝花夕拾》中有一篇文章,写了一位在日本留学期间相识的朋友,后来他曾和鲁迅一起在绍兴师范学校任教。这个人物是谁?简要概括出这篇文章的内容。(5分)
(一)5、D 6、外貌描写或肖像描写(2分),表明闰土的生活已陷入贫困之中(2分)。 7、第②段的自然环境描写渲染出一种悲凉的气氛,烘托出我对现实故乡的失望之情(2分)。第○11段自然环境描写再现了记忆中的故乡,表现出我对未来美好生活的向往 (2分)。 8、见到闰土,却感觉到不是“记忆上的闰土” (1分);依然记得闰土“红活圆实的手”和“紫色的圆脸”(1分);在脑诲中回旋着“角鸡,跳鱼儿,贝壳,猹”等许多少年趣事(1分);见到宏儿,认为他“正是廿年前的闰土” (1分) 9、《呐喊》(1分)范爱农(1分)《范爱农》追叙了作者在日本留学时和回国后与范爱农接触的几个生 活片段(1分),描述了范爱农在革命前不满黑暗社会、追求革命,辛亥革命后又备受打击迫害的遭遇(1分),表现了作者对民主革命的失望和对这位正直倔强的爱国者的同情和悼念(1分)。
2005年辽宁省十一市
(一) 阅读下面的选文,然后回答5~9题。(16分)
5、选文中画线的句子运用了哪种描写人物的方法?你从中感悟到了什么?(3分)
6、中年闰土与“我”不像儿时那样平等、自由交流的根本原因是什么? (3分)
7、有人说,中年闰土对“我”的感情已经消失;也有人说,中年闰土对我的感情并没有消失。你同意哪一种说法?请从选文中找出依据(不少于三处)(3分)
8、“中年闰土”、“我”、“母亲”这三个人物中,你最喜欢谁?请说出喜欢的理由。(4分)
(一)(16分)
5、语言(对话)描写,1分;当地淳朴的民风,1分;少年闰土善良的性格,1分;
6、封建等级观念的束缚(毒害),3分。
7、没有消失。依据:①我的母亲曾对“我”说:“他每到我家来时,总问起你,很想见你一面。”②闰土得知“我”要回来的消息时,对“我”母亲说:“我实在欢喜的了不得。”③在贫困的情况下,还送给我“干青豆”。④闰土看见“我”时,“脸上现出欢喜(和凄凉)的神情;动着嘴唇,却没有作声。答出其中三点即可,每项得1分;计3分。
8、此题为开放性试题,无惟一答案。(本题满分4分)
喜欢“母亲”的理由:她心地善良,关心、同情闰土,送东西给闰土,2分;没有等级观念,仍希望闰土与“我”哥弟相称,2分;计4分。
喜欢“我”的理由:珍惜童年的友谊,1分;同情中年闰土的困苦与不幸,1分; 否定封建的等级观念(渴望打破封建的尊卑秩序),1分;心中怀有创建新生活的美好愿望,1分;计4分
喜欢“中年闰土”的理由:珍惜童年的友谊,2分;勤劳、善良,生活贫困还送我干青豆,2分;计4分。
《故乡》阅读题:
1.文段“这来的便是闰土......像是松树皮了”中运用“紫色”“灰色”“红活圆实”“又粗又笨”有什么表达效果.
2.“我就知道,我们之间已经隔了一层可悲的厚障壁了“厚障壁”指什么?它是什么原因造成的?
3.面对中年闰土,“我”对少年闰土念念不忘,对往事依然怀有深深的眷念之情,文中哪几处流露出了“我”的这种思想感情?
4.作者写闰土的巨大变化,从中表达了自己怎样的情感?
《故乡》阅读答案:
1.采用了对比手法,“紫色”“灰色”“红活圆实”“又粗又笨”将脸色、手的变法对比,表现了中年闰土终日劳作的艰辛和他穷苦窘迫的生活现状。
2.①“厚障壁”比喻人与人之间的隔膜,封建等级观念的束缚,这里指“我”与闰土之间的隔膜。
3.从“我接着便有许多话,想要连珠一般用处:角鸡,跳鱼儿,贝壳,猹,??”“那西瓜地上的银项圈的小英雄的影像”可以看出。
4.表现了在苦涩严峻的现实生活面前,作者梦幻破灭的苦闷心情,更抒发了对人与人之间不再隔膜的“新的生活”的企盼。
作文八:《相似中考题》3300字
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A(4 B(5 C(6 D(7个
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A(0.6m B(1.2m C(1.3m D(1.4m
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A(?与?相似 B(?与?相似 C(?与?相似 D(?与?相似
8、(2011?泰安)如图,点F是?ABCD的边CD上一点,直线BF交AD的延长线与点E,则下列结论错误的是( )
A( B( C( D(
9、(2011?遂宁)如图,?ABC中,DE?BC,AD:DB=1:2,下列选项正确的是( ) A(DE:BC=1:2 B(AE:AC=1:3
C(BD:AB=1:3 D(S?ADE:S?ABC=1:4
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A(5 B(6 C(7 D(12
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A( B(2 C(3 D(4
14、(2011?遂宁)如图,在?ABC中,?ACB=90?,CD?AB于点D,下列说法中正确的个数是( ) ?AC?BC=AB?CD?AC2=AD?DB?BC2=BD?BA?CD2=AD?DB(
A(1个 B(2个 C(3个 D(4个
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A(6cm B(4cm C((6-)cm D(()cm
17、(2011?河池)如图,在平行四边形ABCD中,E为AB的中点,F为AD上一点,EF交AC于G,AF=2cm,DF=4cm,AG=3cm,则AC的长为( )
A(9cm B(14cm C(15cm D(18cm
18、(2011?丹东)某一时刻,身髙1.6m的小明在阳光下的影长是0.4m,同一时刻同一地点测得某旗杆的影长是5m,则该旗杆的高度是( )
A(1.25m B(10m C(20m D(8m
19、(2011?毕节地区)如图,已知AB=AC,?A=36?,AB的中垂线MD交AC于点D、交AB于点M(下列结论:
?BD是?ABC的平分线;??BCD是等腰三角形;??ABC??BCD;??AMD??BCD( 正确的有( )个(
A(4 B(3 C(2 D(1
20、(2011?义乌市)如图,?ABC和?ADE都是等腰直角三角形,?BAC=?DAE=90?,四边形ACDE是平行四边形,连接CE交AD于点F,连接BD交CE于点G,连接BE(下列结论中: ?CE=BD;??ADC是等腰直角三角形;??ADB=?AEB; ?CD?AE=EF?CG; 一定正确的结论有( )
A(1个 B(2个 C(3个 D(4个
21、(2011?株洲)如图,矩形ABCD中,点P是线段AD上一动点,O为BD的中点,PO的延长线交BC于Q(
(1)求证:OP=OQ;
(2)若AD=8厘米,AB=6厘米,P从点A出发,以1厘米/秒的速度向D运动(不与D重合)(设点P运动时间为t秒,请用t表示PD的长;并求t为何值时,四边形PBQD是菱形(
22、(2011?陕西)一天,数学课外活动小组的同学们,带着皮尺去测量某河道因挖沙形成的“圆锥形坑”的深度,来评估这些坑道对河道的影响,如图是同学们选择(确保测量过程中无安全隐患)的测量对象,测量方案如下:
?先测出沙坑坑沿的圆周长34.54米;
?甲同学直立于沙坑坑沿的圆周所在的平面上,经过适当调整自己所处的位置,当他位于B时恰好他的视线经过沙坑坑沿圆周上一点A看到坑底S(甲同学的视线起点C与点A,点S三点共线),经测量:AB=1.2米,BC=1.6米(
根据以上测量数据,求圆锥形坑的深度(圆锥的高)((π取3.14,结果精确到0.1)
23、(2011?南充)如图,点E是矩形ABCD中CD边上一点,?BCE沿BE折叠为?BFE,点F落在AD上(
1(1)求证:?ABF??DFE;(2)若?DFE=,求?EBC的值( 3
24、(2011?茂名)如图,在等腰?ABC中,点D、E分别是两腰AC、BC上的点,连接AE、BD相交于点O,?1=?2(
(1)求证:OD=OE;(2)求证:四边形ABED是等腰梯形;
(3)若AB=3DE,?DCE的面积为2,求四边形ABEO的面积(
25、(2011?临沂)如图1,将三角板放在正方形ABCD上,使三角板的直角顶点E与正方形ABCD的顶点A重合,三角扳的一边交CD于点F(另一边交CB的延长线于点G(
(1)求证:EF=EG;
(2)如图2,移动三角板,使顶点E始终在正方形ABCD的对角线AC上,其他条件不变,(1)中的结论是否仍然成立,若成立,请给予证明:若不成立(请说明理由:
(3)如图3,将(2)中的“正方形ABCD”改为“矩形ABCD”,且使三角板的一边经过点B,其他条件不变,若AB=a、BC=b,求的值(
作文九:《吉林中考题》19200字
吉林省2011年初中毕业生学业考试英语试卷
答案解析
一、听力(共30分)
I. 情景反应 根据你所听到的句子,选择恰当的应答语。(5分)
( )1. A. Pretty good. B. Sounds great. C. It' s nothing.
( )2. A. Don?t say so! B. That's all right. C. Sorry to hear that.
( )3. A. Good idea! B. Congratulations! C. What a pity!
( )4. A. I?m so happy. B. That's too bad. C. Nice to meet you!
( )5. A. Thank you. B. Best wishes. C. I don?t think so.
II. 对话问答 根据你所听到的对话及问题,选择正确答案。(5分)
( )6. A. Music. B. Movies. C. Holidays.
( )7. A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike.
( )8. A. In the morning. B. In the evening. C. In the afternoon.
( )9. A. He?s busy. B. He?s tired C. He?s sleepy.
( )10. A. In the library. B. In the museum. C. In the restaurant.
III. 图片理解 看图听描述, 选择与你所听到的描述内容相符合的选项(下. 列图中有一
幅图片与描述内容无关)(5分)
11._____ 12. ______ 13._______ 14._______ 15._____
IV.倍息匹配 根据你所听到的短文内容,将所给信息匹配,并把相应的字母序号填入题前
括号内。(5分)
( )16. Kate A. made a beautiful card
( )17. Tony B. cooked dinner for her father
( )18. Ann C. washed his father' s shirt
( )19. Jack D. said “I love you” to her father
( )20. Gina E. played a piece of music for his father
V.完成表格 根据你所听到的对话内容,在表格中的横线上填全有关信息。(每空—词)
(5分)
Weather(21)______________
Place to goTo the ( 22)______________
Things to doSurf, (23)_______ and relax
Leaving timeAt (24)_______ a. m. next Monday
Meeting placeAt the bus stop (25)__________the school
VI.短文理解 根据你所听到的短文内容,选择正确答案。(5分)
( )26. Lucy has just had her_______ birthday.
A. eighth B. tenth C. ninth
( )27. Lucy's aunt sent her a_______for her birthday.
A. book B. card C. skirt
( )28. Lucy and her friendsand danced at the party.
A. played games B. watched a video C. sang songs
( )29. Lucy was verywhen she saw the birthday cake.
A. moved B. excited C. surprised
( )30. Lucy?s aunt will e ________.
A. this Sunday B. this Saturday C. this Friday
二(基础知识(共20分)
VII. 句意填词 在句中横线上填入一个适当的词,使句意完整。
31. —What would you like to___________?
—A glass of milk, please.
32. Laura enjoys drawing pictures, _____ she joined an art club.
33. The coat is too big for me. Do you have a__________one?
34. What a heavy______~ Take an umbrella when you go out.
35. She often goes to see Beijing Opera ____ her grandparents.
31. drink/have/buy/get/order
32. so/and/ then
34. small/smaller
35. rain/ snow/sky
36. with
VIII. 单项选择从每小题所给的四个选项中,选出一个正确答案。(15分)
【2011年吉林】( ) 36. Most boys in our class like playing _____ soccer.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
解析:D. 考查冠词。球类前面不加任何冠词。
【2011年吉林】( ) 37. Look at the shoes. They are in different: red, black and blue.
A. sizes B. colors C. pricesD. styles
解析:B. 名词辨析。根据后面的三个颜色单词,应该是鞋子有不同的颜色。
【2011年吉林】( ) 38. Don' t worry about me, Mum. I can look after_____.
A. I B. me C. mine D. myself
解析:D. 考查代词。我可以自己照顾自己,用反身代词。
【2011年吉林】( ) 39. I ? m interested_____ running. I can run a kilometre in three minutes.
A. in B. for C. withD. about
解析:A. 考查介词。be interested in对。。。感兴趣。
【2011年吉林】( ) 40. —Alan, e here. I need your help.
—Sorry, Dad. I _________ the dishes now.
A. do B. did C. am doing D. was doing
解析:C. 考查时态。 Now是现在进行时的标志。
【2011年吉林】( )41. —Is that Mr Li under the tree?
—No, it ______ be him. He?s in the office now.
A. can't B. mustn't C. might D. must
解析:A. 考查情态动词。根据语境:他在办公室,不可能是他。
【2011年吉林】( ) 42. —We'll have a basketball game tomorrow.
—___________.
A. Good luck B. Well done C. Never mind D. Nothing much
解析:A. 考查日常英语。Good luck祝你好运。
【2011年吉林】( ) 43. Of all the girls, Lisa danced_________. She won the first prize.
A. good B. well C. best D. better
解析:C. 考查副词的最高级。Of all the girls,是最高级的标志。
【20 11年吉林】( ) 44. You should ______ smoking. It?s bad for your health.
A. get up B. put up C. give up D. look up
解析:C.考查动词短语辨析。give up doing放弃做某事。
【2011年吉林】( ) 45. She often gives money to charity _____ she isn? t rich
A. since B. unless C. because D. although
解析:D.考查连词。句意:尽管她不富裕,但她捐钱给慈善机构。
【2011年吉林】( ) 46. —_______ does your sister look like?
—She is tall with long hair.
A. Who B. What C. Which D. How
解析:B. 考查疑问代词辨析。问人的相貌用What does sb look like?
【2011年吉林】( )47. What a lovely dress! It_____ by my sister.
A. makes B. made C. was made D. is making
解析:C. 考查被动语态。根据语意,连衣裙应该是被我妹妹做的。
【2011年吉林】( )48. —Could you tell me ____________?
—By telling them some funny stories.
A. when I can visit the childrenB. why the children are not happy
C. where the children want to goD. how I can cheer up the sick children
解析:D 考查宾语从句。根据by, 知道引导词应该是HOW。
【2011年吉林】( ) 49. Which notice says “ You can eat here in the morning.”
Breakfast Served 7:00 a. m. -10:00 a. m
No running
in school hall
A. B.
C.
FOUND
Student' s bag
DANGER
DO NOT GO
INTO THE WATER
D.
解析:B. 考查日常标志。
【2011年吉林】( )50.Which picture means “ Be quiet.”?
【2011年吉林】三、交际运用(共15分)
IX.完成对话 从方框中选择正确选项,并将其字母序号写在对话后面的空格内(方框中有
一个选项与对话内容无关)(5分)
A. Let me think. B. I miss my old friends at school.
C. Yes, very much. D. People who don't tell the truth.
E. It helps me relax. E. And your grandma is very important to me.
Adam is talking with his aunt Emma, a movie star.
Adam: Do you like your work, Aunt Emma?
Emma: 51 . It' s interesting.
Adam : But you' re so busy. Do you feel tired?
Emma: Sometimes. I can play with my dog in the park. __52___
Adam : What kind of people don ? t you like?
Emma: _____53____. I don ? t like to be with them.
Adam : Me neither. What's your favorite English word?
Emma: “Sorry”. The English say “sorry” all the time.
Adam : Is there someone important to you?
Emma: Family and friends. 54
Adam : Grandma is really great. Is there something special you do every day?
Emma: That's hard to say. 55 Oh, I know. I try to help someone every day.
答案:51-55. CEDFA
【2011年吉林】X.补全对话根据对话内容,在句中横线上填写适当的话语(话语可能是
一个句子,也 可能是一个短语或一个单词) ,使对话完整、正确。(10分)
Pam: Amy, you look unhappy. (56)__________,
Amy : My mother was (57)___________with me this morning.
Pam: For what?
Amy: I often spend too much money on the things I don' t need.
Pam: That?s too bad.
Amy: Yes, I know. But I can't stop doing that. Do you have any bad habits?
Pam: Sure. Everyone does. I often ( 58 )_________ late and have no time for
breakfast. I want to change the bad habit, but (59)__________.
Amy: That? s true. I hear friends can help. Let's help (60)___________.
Pam : That sounds good. I promise to help.
Amy: Me, too!
答案:56. What?s wrong/the matter(with you)?/What?s up?/ What?s the(your) trouble/problem?/What happened(to you)?/Why?
57. angry/ unhappy/mad/annoyed
58. get up/ sleep
59. It?s/That?s (too/very)hard/difficult; It?s not easy.
60. each other
【2011年吉林】四、阅读(共40分)
短文填空从方框中选择正确选项,完成短文,并将其字母序号写在短文后面的空格 内。
(方框中有两个选项是多余的)(10分)
A. at B. how C. sleep D. story E. happy F. something G. so H. from I . better J . first K. cleaned L. healthy
This story is about a beautiful, well-dressed lady. She plained to her doctor she felt her whole life was empty and meaningless. So the doctor called over an old lady Mary who 61 the office floors, and then said to the rich lady, “I?ve asked Mary here to tell you 62 she found
happiness. All I want you to do is to listen. ”
Mary sat on a chair and told her 63 ,“ Well, my husband died of cancer and three months
later my only son was killed by a car. I had nobody. I had nothing left. I couldn? t 64 . I couldn? t
eat. I never smiled at anyone. I even thought of taking my own life. Then one evening a cat followed me home 65 work. Somehow(不知何故)I felt sorry for that cat. It was cold outside,
66 I decided to let it in. I got it some milk, and it licked(添)the plate clean. Then it rubbed(蹭)
against my leg, and for the 67 time in months, I smiled. Then I stopped to think, if helping a cat
could make me smile,maybe doing something for people could make me 68 Every day I tried to do 69 nice for someone. It made me so happy to see them happy. Today, I don ? t know of anybody who sleeps and eats 70 than I do. I?ve found happiness, by giving it to others. ”
After the rich lady heard the story, she cried. She had everythi ng that money could buy, but she had lost the things which money couldn ? t buy.
61626364656667 686970
答案:
61K62B63D64C65H66G67J68E69F
XE.阅读理解(30分)
【2011年吉林】(A)
Invitation
The White family invite all the exchange students to a Barbecue Party. Sunday, July 3 rd, 2~6 p.m. 8 Hill
Summer Concert
Listen to local jazz group Blue Wind in Central Park ~ The concert is free. Everyone is
wele ~ Sunday,July 10 at 6:00 p. m.
Great Short Story Competition
Are you under sixteen years old? Do you want to win a free trip to Disneyland? All you have to do is to write a short story containing these three words : monste r thrilling Disneyland Write
your story now and email it to rebecca@ 163. before June 30.
Walters Wanted
Age : between 20 and 40
Language : one foreign language ( English
or French ) Requirements :
?must be willing to work late ?must be outgoing and friendly
Working place : Red Rose Restaurant Tel :0431—82233301
根据上面信息内容,判断下列各句正(T),误(F). (5分)
( )71. The Barbecue Party is on Sunday, July 3rd.
( )72. Bob is free on Saturday. He can go to the free concert.
( )73. Sam,a 17-year-old boy,can enter the Great Short Story Competition.
( )74. Those who win the petition can go on a free trip to Disneyland.
( )75. If ou want to be a waiter, you must be outgoing and friendly.
答案:71-75.TFFTT
【2011年吉林】(B)
根据下面每段话的陈述内容,从方框中选出各段恰当的主题,并将其字母序号填入题前括
号内。(5分)
( )76. The world use 1 million plastic bags every minute. They can now be found in all parts of the world. Each plastic bag takes more than 1,000 years to disintegrate (粉碎)and never
pletely disappears.
( )77. When I was young, I thought space was wonderful. I spent all day imagining that I had my own spaceship. I would invite my cousins and my friends to join the trip and spend the whole day exploring other planets. That was my earliest dream.
( )78. In Brazil, people wear white clothes on New Year's Eve (31 December)because it brings good luck. At midnight people go to the sea and jump over the waves seven times. Then they throw flowers into the sea and make wishes for the New Year.
( )79. Over hundreds of years the Earth gets hotter and then it gets colder again. But scientists are sure that what? s happening now is different. The world is getting warmer. For example, the way we use energy from coal and oil is making the planet hotter. This is one cause of climate(气候) change— it?s man-made.
( )80. Sometimes, good things happen bec ause of mistakes. Once I got on the wrong train.
That was a big mistake. But I saw a good friend on that train. I was glad I made that mistake ! When a good thing es out of a mistake, that?s a happy accident.
A.Climate change B. The plastic bag problem
C. New Year in Brazil D. Making mistakes is not always bad
E. My childhood dream
答案:BECAD
【2011年吉林】(C)
Giving someone good news is easy, but what about bad news? Are there any good ways to give bad news without making people too upset? The following steps might help:
Say something positive. Try to start or end the conversation with some good news, so that it?s not all bad. For example,“You did very well in the interview, but unfortunately we've given the job to somebody else.”
Prepare your listener for the news. Use phrases to introduce what you?re going to say, like “Unfortunately, ....”,“I?m really sorry, but...” or “I'm afraid I?ve got some bad news.” This gives the listener time to prepare for what you' re going to say.
Try to give a reason. People like to know why things go wrong. Try to explain the decision. If someone doesn? t get the job, can you explain why? If you have to cancel an appointment, try to give a reason.
Use a soft tone of voice. If you?re giving someone bad news, try to use a soft, calm voice to
make your sound kind. Say things to show you understand, like “I'm really sorry.” or “I know this must be disappointing.”
根据短文内容,选择正确答案。(5分)
( )81. Which step isn't mentioned in the passage?
A. Talk about problems. B. Try to give a reason.
C. Say something positive. D. Prepare your listener for the news.
( )82. What does the underlined word “tone" mean in Chinese?
A.词语 B.语气 C.眼神 D.手势
( )83. Linda failed the test. She could tell her mum the news beginning with “__________”.
A. You lucky thing! B. You?ll never guess what.
C. Bad news, I?m afraid. D. That? s really wonderful.
( )84. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. “ Unfortunately" can be used to tell the bad news.
B. You can start the conversation with some good news.
C. Tone of voice is important when giving the bad news.
D. Nobody likes to know the reason why things go wrong.
( )85. The best title for the passage is “_______” .
A. Bad news can be good news B. Good ways to give bad news
C. It' s easy to give bad newsD. Giving bad news without any trouble
【2011年吉林】(D)
14-year-old Jason Morgan talks about an exciting science project.
Last month I got the chance to take part in an underwater research project in an area of the Gulf of Mexico called the Flower Gardens. A team of professional researchers ? led by the scientist Dr Matt Phillips, was trying to learn more about the fish and different creatures that live in this part of the sea. The Flower Gardens are a long way from the shore(海岸)and we spent three days
on a boat.
The team used a piece of underwater equipment called ROV to collect information. The ROV was great fun. It was controlled by a puter on the boat, and I was allowed to operate it
a few times.
However, the thing I enjoyed most was diving(潜水)into the water. At first, I was quite
scared---mainly because I couldn? t see land in any direction. But as soon as I jumped into the water, I wasn't afraid anymore. It was amazing to see the colorful fish swimming around and I could see all the ways to the Flower Gardens, which are almost 30 metres down.
I will never forget the Flower Gardens. The trip was like a holiday but I also learnt new things about science and research projects. It was a great opportunity and it has made me think about my goals(目标)in life. The experience will help me work harder to bee a scientist.
根据短文内容,选择正确答案。(5分)
( )86. Jason and the team stayed on the boat fordays.
A. threeB. twoC. fiveD. eight
( )87. What did Jason think of the ROV?
A. It was boring. B. It was difficult to operate.
C. It was great fun. D. It was an expensive piece of equipment.
( )88. Jason didn' tin the Flower Gardens.
A. operate the ROVB. walk along the shore
C. dive in the waterD. see many colorful fish
( )89. What influence has the trip had on Jason?
A. It has changed his opinion of science.
B. It has improved the way he works in a team.
C. It has made him more interested in the sea.
D. It has encouraged him to work harder towards his goals.
( )90. What might Jason write in his diary about the trip?
A. It was interesting to work with Dr Phillips and his team but I wish someone else had been on the trip.
B. The Flower Gardens are beautiful but scientists are worried that pollution are worried that pollution.
C. The trip was like a holiday and I saw some amazing fish. The only thing I dislike was collecting information about the sea.
D. Going to the Flower Garde ns was great fun. I now know much more about science but I realize there?s still a lot more to learn.
【2011年吉林】(E)
My friend Peter was kind and lovely. But as a student, he was bad at maths, English and science because he didn't have an aptitude(资质)for that kind of study.
One day we were playing football and the bail got stuck in a tree. Peter climbed the tree to get it, and one of the teachers, John Marston 9 who was looking out of the window, noticed that he was a talented climber. Mr Marston was an expert (专家)in climbing. He had climbed many
mountains.
One weekend Mr Marston invited Peter to climb Mount Kilimanjaro. Peter really enjoyed the climbing. Mr Marston told Peter he was a very talented climber for his age. Peter left school three years later with no qualifications (毕业证),but he kept climbing regularly until he became very
good at it. In his early tties, he became a professional climber. He said, “1?11 always
remember Mr Marston because he showed me I had an ability which no one else, including me,
knew about."
根据短文内容, 回答下列问题.(10分)
91. Which subject was Peter not good at?
______________________________
92. When did Peter and Mr Marston climb Mount Kilimanjaro?
______________________________
93. How did Peter feel about the climbing?
_______________________________
94. What did Mr Marston say about Peter?
_______________________________
95. Did Peter know he had an ability to climb at first?
答案: 91. He was not good at( maths, English and science).
92. One weekend./ They climbed it one weekend.
93. He liked/loved/enjoyed it.
94. (He was) a very talented climber.
95. No./No, he didn?t.
【2011年吉林】五、书面表达(共15分)
VIII. A. Bob遇到了一些烦恼,请针对他的问题,给出合理的建议。(词数不限)(5分)
Bob' s ProblemsYour Advice
A. I, m not popular.96. Be________ and helpful.
B. I'm in bad health.97. __________and eat healthy food.
C. I feel nervous before exams.98. Why not___________,
D. Math is diffic ult for me.99. You should ask____________ for help.
E. My parents don't allow me
to watch TV.100._______________________
答案:96. outgoing/friendly/kind/warm-hearted….
97. Do(Play)sports/Exercise/Swim/See a doctor…
98. take a walk before exams/ listen to music/talk(play) with your friend(s)…
99. teacher/ friend/classmate….
100.You should talk about it with them./You can do other things instead….(或Why not…/
What about…?/It?s a good idea to…?
【2011年吉林】B. “ God gave you a gift of 86,400 seconds today. Have you used one to
say?thank you?,” 这句话一定给了你启示。此刻,你想对谁说感谢呢,请结合一个具体事例
写一篇 短文,表达你的感激之情.(10分)
要求: 1.语句通顺, 合乎逻辑, 书写规范; 2.文中不得使用真实的姓名与学校名称;
3.词数80左右。开头已给出, 不计人总词数内.
It s easy to say “thank you” But at the moment I realize I? ve never said “thank you” to
________________________________________
范文:
It s easy to say “thank you” But at the moment I realize I? ve never said “thank you” to my
English teacher Miss Gao who has really helped me a lot.
I used to be shy. But one thing changed me, It was in the English class. She asked me to
answer a question. Because of being nervous I couldn?t say a word. She smiled and said, “Don?t be shy, I?m sure that you can do it.” Her words encouraged me a lot and I made it.
From then on, I became confident and I was interested in English. I feel lucky to be her student.
Though I have to say goodbye to her soon, I?ll never forget her. Thank you, Miss Gao.
作文十:《英语中考题》16700字
语语语语英中考
语语语语,共20小,小语语语每1分,分语语20分,
从A、B、C、D 4个中出可以填入空白的最佳。语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
1. I’m talking to you, Jack. Please listen to _________ carefully . A. me B. mine C. you D. yours
2. Both my parents were born ________ 1970. A. at B. in C. on D. to
3. Hurry up, ________ you will miss the plane. A. and B. but C. so D. or
4. –________ do you play football? –Once a week.
A. How much B. How long C. How often D. How far
5. We have a lovely room. It’s one of _______ in the hotel.
A. nice B. nicer C. nicest D. the nices
6. Mark starts a blog (博客) and tries to keep _____ online diary in English.
A. an B. a C. the D. /
7. — Let’s go camping in the places far from the ___ and enjoy nature.— Sounds great!
A. village B. city C. countryside D. world
8. — Well, I don’t have much confidence for the exam.
— ____________. Good luck to you.
A. No hurry B. I don’t care C. Take it easy D. Forget it
9. Life is a song, sing it; life is a challenge, ____ it; life is a dream, achieve it.A. drop B. encourage C. refuse D. meet
10. — How do you like the Chinese Art of Tea?
— _________ I’ve studied it for five years.
A. Nothing special. B. Wonderful! C. It’s a pity. D. With pleasure.11. I like edies because actors are always very funny and they make me______.A. to laugh B. laughing C. laugh D. laughed
12.Don’t forget to ______ the lights before you leave the classroom.A. turn down B. turn on C. turn off D. turn up
13 Attention, please! All the mobile phones ______ during the meeting. A. must keep off B. have kept off C. are keeping off D. must be kept off14. --- Tom wants to know_____________.
--- I don’t know, either. He said he would phone me as soon as he came back.A. when Dad es back B. when did Dad e back C. when Dad will e back D. when does Dad e back
15. —Shall we call for a taxi? —OK. Let me _______ the phone number in Yellow Pages.A. look at B. look for C. look up D. look after.
16. I’d rather _______ than ______
A. read books; watch TV B. reading books; watching TVC. to read books; watch TV D. read books; to watch TV
17.One of the suspects is ______ s choolboy.
A. a 18-year-old B. a 18 years old C. an 18 years old D an 18-year-old18.I think this is _______ useful dictionary.
A. very a B. very an C. quite a D. quite an
19.Many students don’t study English by ______ flashcards.
A.having make B.made C.making D.makes
20.Jim __to go to the library on Sundays when she was a middle school student.A.was used B.use C.uses D.used
第二:完形填空,共节节节节节节节节15小节.每小节2分,分节节30分〉
节节节节节节下列短文,从短文后各所的(A、B、C、D) 四个中出能填入相节节节节节节节节节
节节节节节节节节节节节节节节节节节节节节空白的最佳,并在答卡上将涂黑。
A Mr. White was holding a party at home to celebrate his sixtieth birthday. To make him happy,
one of his women friends __21__ to sing a song for him. Now she was singing. One guest turned
to a __22__ by his side and criticized the singer.
“What a __23__ voice!" he said. "Do you know __24__ she is?"
“Yes," was the answer, " She is my wife. "
“Oh, I beg your pardon,” the man said. "Of course her voice isn't bad, __25__ the song is very bad. I wondered who wrote that awful song?”
“I did," was the answer.
21. A. dreamed B. decided C. forgot D. remembered
22. A. woman B. girl C. man D. boy
23. A. terrible B. beautiful C. exciting D. sweet
24. A. what B. who C. where D. which
25. A. and B. or C. so D. but
B Once, the famous scientist Einstein travelled to many places in America to give lectures. He travelled in a __26__, and soon made friends with his driver.
Each time Einstein gave the lecture, his driver __27__ sat in the front row and listened to him very carefully. The __28__ lecture was given so many times that the driver learned it well enough to give it himself.
One day, when Einstein was __29__ about it, he asked the driver to give the lecture for him in a small town.
That evening, both Einstein and the driver t into the lecture room. __30__ there had seen Einstein before. When the driver took his place, everybody applauded (鼓掌). Then he began the
lecture. __31__ it was over, the people warmly applauded. The driver turned to look at Einstein. Einstein nodded with a smile on his face.
When they began to leave the lecture room, a man __32 __ them and asked the driver a very__33__ question. The c river listened carefully, then he __34__ and said the question was interesting but really quite easy. To show how easy it is. I'll ask my __35__ to answer it," said the driver.
26. A. bus B. train C. plane D. car
27. A. always B. never C. sometimes D. hardly
28. A. different B. same C. unfortable D strange
29. A. spoken B. told C. said D shouted
30. A. Somebody B. Everybody C. Nobody D. Anybody
31. A. If B. Although C. However D. When
32. A. carried B. believed C. stopped D. pleased
33. A. difficult B. easy C. relaxing D. perfect
34. A. smiled B. cried C. refused D. jumped
35. A. student B. driver C. teacher D. uncle
三理解语语语语
A
Several years ago, a television reporter was talking to three of the most important people in America. One was a very rich banker, another owned one of the largest panies in the
world, and the third owned many buildings in the center of New York.
The reporter was talking to them about being important.
“How do we know if someone is really important,” the reporter asked the banker.
The banker thought for a few moments and then said, “I think anybody who is invited to the
Whiter House to meet the President of the United States is really important.”
The reporter then turned to the owner of the very large pany. “Do you agree with that,”
she asked.
The man shook his head, “No. I think the President invites a lot of people to the White House. You‘d only be important if while you were visiting the President, there was a telephone call
from the president of another country, and the President of the US said he was too busy to
answer it.”
The reporter turned to the third man. “Do you think so,”
“No, I don‘t,” he said. “I don’t think that makes the visitor important. That makes the President important.”
“Then what would make the visitor important,” the reporter and the other two men asked.
“Oh, I think if the visitor to the White House was talking to the President and the phone rang, and the President picked up the receiver, listened and then said, ‘It’s for you.‘ ”
根据以上短文内容,然后从所的四个中最佳。每语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
1. This story happened in _______.
A. England B. America
C. Japan D. Australia
2. There are _______ in this passage.
A. two men and two women
B. three men and one woman
C. three women and one man
D. four women
3. The banker thought _______.
A. he was really important because he was a rich banker
B. the visitor to the White House was really important
C. the visitor who met the President of the United States
D. the reporter was really important
4. The owner of the very large pany thought _______.
A. she was really important because she owned one of the largest panies
B. the banker was really important
C. the owner of many buildings in the center of New York was really important
D. the visitor would be really important if while he was visiting the President, the President
would not answer any telephone call
5. The owner of many buildings thought _______.
A. he was really important because he owned many buildings in the center of New York
B. the owner of the very large pany was really important
C. the visitor was really important if he talking to the President and the President received a
telephone call for the visitor
D. the person who worked in the White House was really importantB Mr King works in a shop and drives a car for the manager. He drives carefully and can keep calm in time of danger. And he escaped from several accidents. The manager pays him more and the traffic policemen often speak highly of him.
Mr Baker, one of his friends, works in a factory outside the city. It‘s far from his house and he has to go to work by bus. As the traffic is crowded in the morning, sometimes he’s late for the
work. His manager warns the young man that he will be sent away unless he gets to his office on
time. He hopes to buy a car, but he hasn‘t enough money. He decides to buy an old one. He t to the flea ,跳蚤, market and at last he chose a beautiful but cheap car. He said he wanted to have a trial ,,语语语 drive, the seller agreed. He called Mr King and asked him to help him.
Mr King examined the car at first and then drove it away. It was five in the morning and there
were few cars in the street. At first he drove slowly and it worked well. Then he drove fast. And
when he reached a crossing, the lights turned red. He tried to stop it, but he failed and nearly
hit an old woman who was crossing the street. A policeman told him to stop, but the car t on
until it hit a big tree by the road.
“Didn‘t you hear me,” the policeman asked angrily.
“Yes, I did, sir,” said Mr King, “Since it doesn‘t listen to me,can it obey you,”
根据以上短文内容,然后从所的四个中最佳。每语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
1. Mr King is paid more because he _______.
A. always drives very slowly B. is not afraid of danger
C. had driven for years D. drives very well
2. Mr Baker t to the flea market to _______.
A. buy a second-hand car B. have a trial drive
C. choose a new car D. sell his old car
3. Mr King tried to stop the car when _______.
A. he saw an old woman crossing the street
B. he saw a big tree
C. the traffic lights turned red
D. the policeman shouted angrily at him
4. Which of the following is true,
A. Mr King will be sent away if he keeps being late
B. Mr Baker can‘t afford to buy an old car
C. Mr King didn‘t hear the policeman
D. Something was wrong with the car
C I will always remember my mother‘s last few days in this world.
On February 14th,2000,my class t on a field trip to the beach. I had so much fun. When we returned to school,my teacher told me to go to the headmaster‘s office. When I got into the office,I saw a police officer. Suddenly I realized something was wrong. The police officer told me what had happened and we t to pick my sister up. After that,we t to the hospital and
waited. Time t slowly. Finally,we got to see our mother. It was terrible.
On the next day,the headmaster came and told my two teachers what had happened. I was taking a rest that day. I knew it had something to do with my mother. I kept thinking that she either
died or had gotten better. How I wished that she had gotten better. When my teacher took me outside,my sister ran up to me. She started crying,“She‘s gone. Teresa,mommy’s gone. She‘s
dead.” I couldn’t believe it. We jumped into the car and drove straight to the hospital. Most of my
family were there. The silence was terrible. I knew I had to say goodbye.
Today when I look back,I still miss my mother very much,but I know that I will live. My
mother was a strong mother,who had the biggest heart. My mother was an angel walking on the earth. I will always remember her as living. When someone is asked who their hero ,英雄,
is,they usually say someone famous,like Michael Jordan or Britney Spears. When someone asks me who my hero is,I tell them,my mother. My mother lives every day. That is what makes her a true hero.
根据以上短文内容,然后从所的四个中最佳。每语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语
1. Where was the writer when she learned her mother was very ill,
A. On the beach. B. At the hospital.
C. At school. D. At home.
2. Who brought the writer the bad news that her mother was ill,
A. Her sister. B. The headmaster.
C. Her teacher. D. The police officer.
3. What did the headmaster tell the two teachers on the next day,
A. Her mother had been very ill.
B. Her mother had been dead.
C. Her mother had gotten better.
D. Her sister came to see her.
4. From the last paragraph of the passage we know that _______.
A. the writer is afraid of her mother
B. the writer is proud of her mother
C. the writer feels sad about her mother
D. the writer feels sorry for her mother
5. The writer must think her mother is a _______ woman.
A. famous B. free
C. rich D. great
D Computers can injure you. Most other injuries happen suddenly. For example,if you fall off a
bike and break your arms,it happens very quickly. But puter injuries happen slowly. You probably know how to ride a bike safely. Now learn to use a puter safely. Your eyes
Too much light can injure your eyes,so never sit too close to a puter screen. Your eyes should be at least 50cm from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.
When you use a puter, the window should be on your left or your right. If it is behind you, the light will reflect on (反射) the screen. If the window is in front of you, the sun and the screen will both shine into your eyes.
Your hands and wrists
Hand and wrist injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long time,follow these three rules:1) Rest your
wrists on some thing. 2) Keep your elbows (肘) at the same height as the keyboard. 3) Stop sometimes and exercise your hands,wrists and fingers in a different way.
Your back
Some people sit for many hours in front of a puter. If you sit in the wrong way,you can
injure your back or your neck. So you should sit with your back straight. The top part of the screen
should be in front of your eyes. Your forearms,wrists,hands and the upper part of your legs
should all be parallel (平行) to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time,get up every 30
minutes and exercise your arms,legs and neck.
Enjoy your puter,but use it safely.
(1) A puter screen may injure your eyes if your eyes are too close to it.
(2) Hand and wrist injuries are caused when you get plenty of exercise.
(3) Your eyes and hands will be safe if you often take rests from working.
(4) It is good for your back and neck if you sit in the right way.
(5) The best title for the text would be How to Protect Your Eyes.
任型语语语语
The summer holiday is ing, which can be a relaxing time for sleeping, eating good meals and seeing old friends. Try to take some time off from school and spend a few weeks of fun. Here are some ideas for planning your summer holiday.
First of all, joining a club is a good choice! You can join a music club, a sports club or an art club. It’s good for your future development and the teachers in the club can give you good advice.
Doing something good for society is also great. There are many volunteer(志愿的) programmes
for you to choose from, such as looking after the old or the young, cleaning the streets, planting trees or keeping the traffic in order. You know that teens can also make the world better.
Have you ever lived with another family? You can join in a programme called “Meeting a New Family”.Two families exchange their children for some time so that they can learn how to get on well with others.
Summer camp is still popular today. An English summer camp may be a good choice. You can not only make friends but also practise your English.
81. The writer gives some ideas for ______your summer holiday.
82. to learn drawing, you can join an ______club.
83. Teens can make the world better by ______as volunteers.
84. In an English summer camp you can ______your English.
85.If you are one of the children in the programme “Meeting a New Family”,you ______live with you own parents for some time.
语语填空
A: Hi, Li Lei. Did you w 1 the football match on TV yesterday evening?
B: Sorry, I forgot it. Please tell me something about it.
A: OK. Our team played a 2 an Indian team.
B: The match was great, w 3 it?
A: Yes, I've never seen s 4 a good match before. Our team was very strong. Early in the first half of the match, we kicked a goal, and in the s 5 half of the match, our team played even
b 6 , and we kicked three goals.
B: That's great. Did our team win at last?
A: Of course! H 7 well they played! We did 4 - 1.
B: Well d 8 ! Thank you for telling me. I'm glad to hear that.
A: Oh, I'm glad to tell you there will be a 9 football match on Friday afternoon. It's between
Class I and Class 2 on the playground.
B: I'm sure t 10 go and watch it.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
作文
如今,中学生的假期生活生了很大化。假定你是李明,美国的笔友语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语语Lisa想了解中国学
生在的假期生活。写封回信。要点如下:语语 语语语语语语语语学和休仍然重要; 帮忙做家或干活语语语语语;
参加社会活。