作文一:《中考作文阅卷套路》2100字
中考作文阅卷套路揭秘
阅卷老师首先看的是开头和结尾,扣题了又修辞,然后才看中间部分,中间部分的述叙一般二十秒,结尾前部分五秒。这就是中考作文批改的时间分布。所以,阅卷老师不可能对每一篇文章都字斟句酌、细细品味。其实,作文阅卷老师在多年的评卷"磨炼"中,早已练就了一套"三眼淘汰法"。你的作文是优是劣,阅卷老师仅凭这"三眼"即可定乾坤。作为一名考生,你一定很想知道这究竟是怎样一种神奇法力?而你要怎样才能逃过这法眼呢?今天就让曾参与过中考阅卷的学而思中考研究中心的老师来为你解密这"三眼淘汰法"。
第一眼:看整体
主要看字体是否工整,卷面是否清洁,布局是否合理——这是试卷出现在老师面前那一刻的第一印象。若字体潦草、卷面肮脏、布局不合理(头大尾长身子小、段少字多密麻麻),就会让阅卷人眼花缭乱、头晕目眩,厌恶之情骤然而起。此时,阅卷人对你的作文已有了一个极差的印象和不好的分数了,你的作文亦有"全军覆没"或"大势将去"之危险;要想"扶大厦于将倾",除非你的内容非常精彩,否则,你是难逃"厄运"的。其实,对"情节恶劣"者,阅卷老师连内容也不看就已经把分数定下来了。所以,我们决不能忽视文章的形式美——真正的美是形式和内容的完美统一。鉴于此,现提出对策:
1、书写认真。字体工整,不草不连;笔迹清晰,黑白分明;字在格内,大小适中;卷面清洁,不涂不抹;字数不多不少(少则"残废",多则"臃肿")。
2、布局合理。头尾短小精悍。开头结尾段字数均应控制在百字以内,否则,头大尾长身子小,比例失调,影响美观。
段落稍微多一点。若段落太少,既不美观又无层次感,更让人觉得满眼都是密密麻麻的字,容易引起视觉疲劳,一般情况下,千字以内文章分成7段左右为宜。
3、选好文体。一般说来,如果写记叙文,运用小标题、日记体、分镜头式等片断组合法写成的文章清爽直观、疏密有致、思路清晰、层次分明,能给人整体美感的效果,易引起阅卷者的兴趣。
第二眼:看审题
主要看文章的审题是否准确、角度的切入是否得当、立意是否准确鲜明;若审题错误、角度失当、立意不明等,即平时所说的"跑题",那你的文章也就没戏可看而被立即判为"死刑",即使你的语言再有文采,事例再丰富新颖等等,亦是"英雄无用武之地"矣!
另外,应引起我们高度重视的是:考场作文不宜写得太含蓄、深沉,否则,让阅卷人不易把握;再说,当时天气热,任务紧,谁愿通过反复阅读来琢磨观点、概括中心?那么,你的文章就有可能成为阅卷人的"笔下冤魂"。所以,最好能让阅卷人比较容易地明白你的观点,要做到这一步,有如下对策:
1、精心打造标题。看标题,是老师了解文章是否切题的一个非常重要、必不可少的步骤。因此,我们拟题时,不妨将切题的字眼嵌入其中,如《人生自古谁无死,留取诚信照汗青》、《患者吴诚信的就诊报告》、《问君哪得暖如许,为有爱心活力来》、《理想海阔凭鱼跃,选择天高任鸟飞》、《感情是帆,认知是船》、《真情诚可贵,理智价更高》等。其中"诚信"、"爱心"、"选择"、"感(真)情"、"认知"、"理智"就是切题的字眼。这些标题,既体现了作者的观点,又文采斐然、光芒四射,怎能不让阅卷人眼前一亮,大为振奋!
2、恰当使用副标题。若正标题不易懂,则辅以副标题进行提示,如高考佳作《人言诡鬼——舍弃欺诈,还我诚信》;若正标题一般则佐以副标题吊人胃口,如高考佳作《心灵的选择——陆游与诗、国家》。
3、巧妙运用题记。如高考佳作《华容道》,引用了孟子的一句话作为题记来开篇明旨:生,我所欲也,义,亦我所欲也;二者不可得兼,舍生而取义者也。
4、用心写好首尾。因为开头和结尾也是老师寻找文章观点的"战略要地",所以,如果写议论文,最好开头用言简意丰的语言开门见山地摆出观点,结尾以韵味无穷的语言呼应观点。另外,还可在文中反复紧扣文眼。
5、选择适当文体。如使用小标题,既有提纲挈领、条分缕析之效,又可以减少过渡性文字的铺排,从而使主题集中、重点突出、简洁醒目。
6、少写心理感觉。感觉这东西,往往是说者清楚,听者模糊。写多了,易陷入"隐晦",让人误认为"跑题"。因此,建议大家该叙事时叙事,该说理时说理,该抒情时抒情,千万别"跟着感觉走"。
第三眼:看选材
主要看材料是否切题、丰富、新颖——若选材不能说明观点,则属牵强附会;若材料单调,则说理空洞无力;若材料平庸,则落入俗套。鉴于此,建议:列一个材料菜单,当我们围绕立意选出材料后,不要急忙下笔,要进行一番分析、比较和筛选,力争既切题又新颖独特。
如果说,前两眼淘汰的是"假冒伪劣产品",那么,第三眼淘汰的就是平庸之作了。当然,并非经过这三眼的检验,你的作文就能得高分了,老师还会通过第四眼、第五眼甚至两三遍来看你的立意是否高远,构思是否新巧,语言是否有文采等等。然而,可以断定,如果你的作品能经得住这三眼的检验,分数也不会太低了。
写到这儿,或许你会说,作文的规矩也太多了,不错,考试作文依然是"带着镣铐跳舞"——既要符合应试作文的要求、规矩,又要跳出激情,舞出精彩。这其中的奥妙,就看你的适应与创新的能力了,例如记叙文,写的安全的好作文,会看一分半钟,但开头,肯定是首先必看的,所以要让改卷老师有兴趣看你的结尾。这方法,不一定对,但安全,写出个二类作文,肯定没问题,加上优秀的文学功底,就能升到一类作文。这个就是一般记叙文的套路。
作文二:《中考作文写作套路 》1100字
中考作文写作套路
那么中考作文都有哪些规则要遵循,或者按照一个什么样的步骤写下来,就能拿到不错的成绩呢,不妨参考下下面的写作套路:
1.认真审题,规范中考写作七步成就高分中考作文。
中考作文最大的忌讳是草草审题,草率下笔。可以说审题是任何作文的关键步骤,如果你都不知道出题人想要你写些什么,或者什么才是本次作文所提倡的,赞同的,而写出了主题思想与之相反的作文,那么你肯定是低分作文。
近些年来的作文要求,很多都是目前社会上流行桉,或者热门的话题。而这个话题的答案一谆般都是偏向真善美的,或者是国家提倡的柰行为,因此考生切不可过于个性,而提出都一些不成熟的个人想法。要尽量使作文的锶主题靠近正确而非大众的结论。
2.开肘头要简洁,要用适当长短的文字,快速的掮说明问题。
作文的开头是整篇作文的面枢孔,即要用较短的文字,迅速给你的作文 写一个素描,表明本文对话题的立场,要北使看卷的老师通过第一段文字,就可以知尧道你在整篇文章中的主张是什么。要避免呛在开头有那种是是而非,模棱两可的说法芗,或者有议论没结论的写作方法,中学生殖作文《规范中考写作
七步成就高分中考作ち文》。
3.作文的第二段是对第一段思莱想的承接和发挥。
在这一阶段,考生可稹以用简练的文字,说出为什么要有第一段 这样的主张,或者批驳其他假设的错误观麦点。这一段的目的是给考官看你立论的根芏据,还有所认识的文章主题思想都有哪些冒对立面。
4.第三段最合适举例正面例 子,来证明自己的观点。
没有例证的论苹文是没有味道的作文,很显然,如果都立蹊论正确的作文,文章里包含的主题思想是?相近,如果没有例证的区别,很多人的作び文会雷同或相似。因此考生一定好列举一罪些典型,而新鲜的例证来证明自己的主张梁是正确的。
5.第四段适合列举反面的狱例子,对自己的观点进行反面支持。
正龚反对应的证明,对于议论文来说很能增加淼其论证的精彩性,也能补充论证的从分性佚,是论证更加全面。
6.第六段适合总还结结论,将结论和材料联系起来,进行分集析,论证。
7.总结全文,首尾呼应, 结束文章。
以上就是一个规范的论文的荇写作方法,只要考生对作文
材料分析准确 ,然后又能按照这种套路来写作,那么这肚就已经是一篇成功的中考中文。
中考对卢很多人机会只有一次,在写作的时候有理 性冷静的对待,宁可坚守中庸之道,也不畎可豁然冒险,使自己的作文立论偏激,古他怪,严重的脱离了出题人原始初衷。另外醒,从行文的章法和外在表现来说,也不可桠过于个性化,如采用诗歌的形势,剧本的 形式来写作,从而规避了考试想要考察的辫范围,一旦不被评卷老师所理解,你的作 文很可能就成为"严重"的低分作文。
作文三:《2017年中考英语作文套路句型》2400字
2017年中考英语作文套路句型
复习正在紧张进行中,为了使生在中考英语作文上拿高分,给大家准备了英语作文万能句型,供大家参考。
一、开头句型
far as ?is concerned 就??而言
goes without saying that? 不言而喻,?
can be said with certainty that? 可以肯定地说??
the proverb says, 正如所说的,
has to be noticed that? 它必须注意到,?
’s generally recognized that? 它普遍认为?
’s likely that ? 这可能是因为?
’s hardly that? 这是很难的??
’s hardly too much to say that? 它几乎没有太多的说?
calls for special attention is that?需要特别注意的是
’s no denying the fact that?毫无疑问,无可否认
is more important than the fact that?没有什么比这更重要的是?
’s far more important is that? 更重要的是?
二、衔接句型
case in point is ? 一个典型的例子是?
is often the case?由于通常情况下?
stated in the previous paragraph 如前段所述
the problem is not so 然而问题并非如此简单,所以??
it’s a pity that? 但遗憾的是?
all that?对于这一切?? Inspite of the fact that?尽管事实??
, we hold opinion that? 此外,我们坚持认为,?
, the difficulty lies in?然而,困难在于?
, we should pay attention to? 同样,我们要注意?
(that)?but(that)?不是,而是
view of the present station。鉴于目前形势
has been mentioned above?正如上面所提到的?
this respect, we may as well (say) 从这个角度上我们可以说
, we have to look at the other side of thecoin, that is? 然而我们还得看到事物的另一方面,即 ?
三、结尾句型
will conclude by saying? 最后我要说?
, we have the reason to believe that?因此,我们有理由相信?
things considered,总而言之It may be safely said that?它可以有把握地说??
, in my opinion, it’s more advisable?因此,在我看来,更可取的是?
what has been discussed above, we may safelydraw the
conclusion that?通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论?
data/statistics/figures lead us to theconclusion that?通过数据我们得到的结论是,
can be concluded from the discussion that?从中我们可以得出这样的结论
my point of view, it would be better if?在我看来??也许更好
四、举例句型
’s take?to illustrate this。
’s take the above chart as an example to illustrate this。
is one more example。
? for example。
same is true of?
offers a typical instance of?
may quote a mon example of?
think of?
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作文四:《中考英语作文套路及句型汇总》16000字
中考英语作文套路及万能句型汇总
一、阐述主题题型
要求从一句话或一个主题出发,按照提纲的要求进行论述.
1. 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义. 2. 分析并举例使其更充实.
二、解决方法题型
要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径
1. 问题现状 2. 怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)
In recent days, we have to face I problem-----A, which is being more and more serious. First, ------------(说明A的现状).Second, ---------------(举例进一步说明现状)
Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing, ---------------(解决方法一)。 For another -------------(解决方法二)。 Finally, --------------(解决方法
三)。
Personally, I believe that -------------(我的解决方法)。 Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future isawaiting us because --------------(带来的好处)。
三、说明利弊题型
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状,再对比事物本身的利弊,有时也会单从一个角度(利或弊)出发,最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度(或对事物前景提出预测)
1.说明事物现状 2.事物本身的优缺点(或一方面) 3.你对现状(或前景)的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------(A的优点之一)。 Besides -------------------(A的优点之二)。
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------(A的第一个缺点).To make matters worse,------------------(A的第二个缺点). Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore,I would like to ---------------(我的看法).(From the parison between these positive and negative effects of A, we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way, ---------------(对前景的预测).)
四、议论文的框架
(1) 不同观点列举型( 选择型 )
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows: in the first place, ___原因一_______.Furthermore, in the second place, ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view, on the one hand, ___原因一_______. On the other hand, ____原因二_____. Therefore, there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned, I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________, but also because _________. The more _______, the more ________.
(2)利弊型的议论文
Nowadays, there is a widespread concern over (the issue that)___作文题目______. In fact, there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly, ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes, “every coin has two sides”, __讨论议题______ is no exception, and in another word, it still has negative aspects. To begin with, ___缺点一______. In addition, ____缺点二______.
To sum up, we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play, and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case, we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
五、图表作文的框架
as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand, ________. On the other hand, _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition, ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are monly convincing.
As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
六、现象说明文(新中国成立以来发生了翻天覆地的变化,)
Recently _______,what amazes us most is______________,it is ture that__________.
There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The main reason is____________________.
what is more_________________________.thirdly__________________________.As a result_______________.
Considering all there,________________________.For one thing_____________________,for another________
____.In Conclusion____________________.
七、一种事物或现象(负面意义倾向)
关于A的话题,早已引起了广泛的社会关注。如今在电视、报纸、日常生活的很多角落,都有越来越多的关于A的议论。
给A一个精确恒定的定义并非易事,因为它的概念涉及了科学、人性、思想、经济、社会、自然等广阔的领域。一般而言,我们可以这样描述A…
A能成为公众关注的焦点,主要是由于它对个人、集体乃至整个世界都有着不容忽视的不良影响。 认 真分析后我们可以看到,A对社会/世界 /健康的不利有很多。首先,从最直观的角度来看,A的出现直接损害了(这里加入一句针对性的话,如人类的身体健康和环境的平衡)。(举例)。其次,从更深一层次上讲,它为人类的精神文明蒙上了一层阴影。更可怕的是,由于A所产生微小利益,却促成了许多可悲的人们为其忘乎所以,破坏了人类生存的法则和空间。
事实上,A的出现是社会发展和人类进步的产物,A所带来的危害是人类进化过程中付出的代价。同时,A的产生来源于部分人们的自私和趋利性,他们看到的是肤浅和片面的利益,而从未从整个全局和人类整体的利益出发去认识和分析它。这使得A始终挥之不去。对此,我奉劝他们,跳出狭小的角落,用长远和全局的眼光去重新审视A。
而如今,我们已深受其害,要想消除它的危害,我们必须从根源上杜绝它的产生,我们每一个人都应给予A高度的重视,用系统的和科学的方法去解决,唯有这样,避免它带来更多损失,我们人类前进的脚步才会更加平稳,更加欢快的迈向辉煌的明天。
八、说明原因型
Currently,XX has been the order of the day .This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than XX 。
It is clear that ( 1 )。 If you ( 2 ), as a result,your dreams will e true. On the contrary, if you ( 3 ), failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that ( 4 ). You don’t have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know ( 5 ). It will exert a profound influence upon ( 6 ). With reference to my standpoint, I think ( 7 )。
附加
一、英语书信的常见写作模板
开头部分:
How nice to hear from you again.
Let me tell you something about the activity.
I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr. 9th.
I’m pleased to hear that you’re ing to China for a visit.
I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.
结尾部分:
With best wishes.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.
二、口头通知常见写作模板
呼语及开场白部分:
Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. 正文部分:
All the teachers and students are required to attend it.
Please take your notebooks and make notes.
Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups.
Please e on time and don’t be late.
结束语部分:
Please e and join in it.
Everybody is wele to attend it.
I hope you’ll have a nice time here.
That’s all. Thank you.
三、议论文模板
1.正反观点式议论文模板
导入:
第1段:Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should.。. (导入话题)
Our opinions are divided on this topic.(观点有分歧)
正文:
第2段:Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点)
Here are the reasons. First.。. Second.。. Finally.。.(列出2~3个赞成的理由)
第3段:However, the others are strongly against it. (反方观点)
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place.。. What’s more.。. In addition.。.(列出2~3个反对的理由) 结论:
第4段:Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good, so I support it.(个人观点)
2.“A或者B”类议论文模板:
导入:
第1段:Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others, however, argue that B is much better. Personally, I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文:
第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that 。.. Another reason is that.。.(赞同A的原因)
第3段: Of course, B also has advantages to some extent.。. (列出1~2个B的优势)
结论:
第4段: But if all these factors are considered, A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that 。..(得出结论) オ
3.观点论述类议论文模板:
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student, I am strongly in favour of the decision. (亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对)
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. (过渡句,承上启下)
正文:
第2段:First of all.。. Secondly.。. Besides.。.(列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由)
结论:
第3段:In conclusion, I believe that.。. (照应第1段,构成“总—分—总”结构)
4.“How to”类议论文模板:
导入:
第1段:提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文:
第2段:Many ways can help to solve this serious problem, but the following may be most effective. First of all.。. Another way to solve the problem is 。.. Finally.。.(列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法) 结论:
第3段:These are not the best but the only two/ three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take action to.。.(强调解决此类问题的根本方法)
四、图表作文写作模板
The chart gives us an overall picture of the 图表主题。 The first thing we notice is that 图表最大特点 。 This means that as (进一步说明)。
We can see from the statistics given that 图表细节一 。 After 动词-ing 细节一中的第一个变化, the动词-ed+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化) 。 The figures also tell us that图表细节二 。 In the column, we can see that accounts for (进一步描述)。
Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that (结论)。 The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that (给出原因)。 / It is high time that we (发出倡议)。
中考英语作文必备万能句型10个
1. 不用说…… It goes without saying that … = (It is) needless to say (that) …
= It is obvious that …
例:不用说早睡早起是值得的。
It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.
2. 在各种……之中,…… Among various kinds of …, … /= Of all the …, …
例︰在各种运动中我尤其喜欢慢跑。
Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.
3. 就我的看法……;我认为……
In my opinion …
= To my mind …
= As far as I am concerned …
= I am of the opinion that …
例:In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health. 就我的看法打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。
4. 随着人口的增加…… With the increase/growth of the population, …
随着科技的进步…… With the advance of science and technology, …
例:With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have e to pass. 随着台湾经济的快速发展许多社会问题产生了。
5. …… 是必要的 It is necessary (for sb.) to do / that …
…… 是重要的 It is important/essential (for sb.) to do / that …
…… 是适当的 It is proper (for sb.) to do / that …
…… 是紧急的 It is urgent (for sb.) to do / that …
例:It is proper for us to keep the public places clean.
It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.
我们应当保持公共场所清洁。
6. 花费 spend … on sth. / doing sth. …
例:我们不应该在我们不感兴趣的事情上花太多的时间。
We shouldn't spend too much time on something we aren't interested in.
7. how 引导的感叹句
例:那至少可以证明你很诚实。
At least it will prove how honest you are.
8. 状语从句
A)如果你不……,你就会…… If you don't …, you'll …
例︰If you don't keep working hard, you'll lose the chance.
如果你不坚持努力工作,你就会失去这次机会。
B)如此 ……,以至于…… so … that …
例:At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up.
当时,我非常伤心,最后都想放弃了。
C)每当……就……
每当我听到……我就忍不住感到兴奋。
Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.
每当我做……我就忍不住感到悲伤。
Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.
每当我想到……我就忍不住感到紧张。
Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.
每当我遭遇……我就忍不住感到害怕。
Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.
每当我看到……我就忍不住感到惊讶。
Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.
例:Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.
= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.
每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲伤。
9. 宾语从句
我认为,…… / 我认为……不 I think / I don't think that …
我想知道是否…… I wonder whether …
例:He doesn't think I should stop him joining the club.
他认为我不应该阻止他参加这个俱乐部。
10. Since + S + 过去式, S + 现在完成式。
例:Since he t to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
自从他上高中,他就一直很用功。
英语作文万能段首句
1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.
2. 俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,
它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……;其次,……。更为糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
4. 现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)……。
例:我们不应该在我们不感兴趣的事情上花太多的时间。
We shouldn't spend too much time on something we aren't interested in.
7. how 引导的感叹句
例:那至少可以证明你很诚实。
At least it will prove how honest you are.
8. 状语从句
A)如果你不……,你就会…… If you don't …, you'll …
例︰If you don't keep working hard, you'll lose the chance.
如果你不坚持努力工作,你就会失去这次机会。
B)如此 ……,以至于…… so … that …
例:At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up.
当时,我非常伤心,最后都想放弃了。
C)每当……就……
每当我听到……我就忍不住感到兴奋。
Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.
每当我做……我就忍不住感到悲伤。
Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.
每当我想到……我就忍不住感到紧张。
Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.
每当我遭遇……我就忍不住感到害怕。
Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.
每当我看到……我就忍不住感到惊讶。
Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.
例:Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.
= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.
每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪我就忍不住感到悲伤。
9. 宾语从句
我认为,…… / 我认为……不 I think / I don't think that …
我想知道是否…… I wonder whether …
例:He doesn't think I should stop him joining the club.
他认为我不应该阻止他参加这个俱乐部。
10. Since + S + 过去式, S + 现在完成式。
例:Since he t to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
自从他上高中,他就一直很用功。
英语作文万能段首句
1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.
2. 俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,
它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……;其次,……。更为糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
4. 现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)……。
Nowadays,it is mon to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides,______.
5. 任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages.
6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看来,……
People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.
7.…已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。
has bee a hot topic among people,especially among the young and
heated debates are right on their way.
8.…在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用。它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题。
has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well
9.人类正面临着一个严重的问题…,这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem () which is being more and more serious.
10.根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出…。很显然…,但是为什么呢?
According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that while. Obviously,,but why?
11.如今,人们普遍认为...,但是我怀疑...。
Nowadays,it is generally/monly believed that..., but I wonder that...
12.如同硬币的正反面,...也有积极的一面和消极的一面。
Like a coin has two sides, there is a positive aspect and a negative aspect to...
13.近来,...的问题已经成为人们注目的焦点。”
Currently, the issue of ...has been brought to public attention
14.随着...的快速增长,...在日常生活中已经变得越来越重要。
Along with the rapid growth of ...,...has bee increasingly important in our daily
15.由汽车(或xx)引起的空气和噪音污染对我们的健康造成了危害。”
Air pollution and noise pollution caused by automobiles do harm to our health.
附 易犯错误一:模板中的句型套用不正确,不完整。
比如:我们在书信结尾的时候会说I am looking forward to hearing from you.而学生却把这句话写成了I am looked forward to hear from you。这种现象非常普遍,可见,学生的写作态度并不是很端正,很
认真。
易犯错误二:模板中的句型和实际写作内容不匹配。
比如:有的图画作文第二段要求根据图画所表达的含义进行深层次的论证,而学生套用的句型却是
第二段写对比的句型,显然是没有正确理解句型使用的语言背景。再比如:小作文的摘要,是要根据汉语文章归纳出中心内容进行英语写作,这个一般都是客观的描述,而学生却用了一个写图画作文的模板,通篇都是“我”认为,这如何又能得高分呢?
易犯错误三:模板套用千篇一律,没有新意。
再好的模板,如果所有的学生都是用也就变成了一张白纸,没有任何亮点。而这个错误也正是急功近利的学生容易犯的。所以只背诵模板是不行的。
那么针对这些易犯错误,该如何改进,提高写作分数呢?
1端正心态,保持认真的态度,强化英语基本功。
作为一个考生,首先应该有端正的考试心态,答题一定要非常认真仔细,那么对于写作来说,就应该尽量避免我们常说的“低级错误”,比如:拼写错误,单词使用错误。这只有在平时注意积累,注意改正自己的错误,才会避免低级错误,才会运用正确的语法结构。
2重视动笔之前的审题和构思。
动笔之前,一定要认真审题和构思,要尽量明确写作的形式,内容,比如,是写书信,还是通过图画表达含义等等,这些要弄明白。然后要注意看写作要求,这一点至关重要。比如,图画作文的第二段,有的要求用实例证明主题思想,有的要求深化主题,这两个不同的要求所体现出来的具体内容是不一样的,如果没有认真审题的话,见题就写,没有严谨的写作思路,很容易造成跑题,偏题,不符题意的错误,也就不能使模板中的句型和内容相匹配。
3学会活用模板,注重素材的积累,同时要适当加入自己的内容。
我们在初练写作的时候套用模板是正常的事情,也是一个必经的过程,只有先试用别人的东西,才能学习和积累写作素材。。模板要活学活用,不要一字不差的照抄无误,而是要根据自己所要表达的内容进行更改。写作不一定要字字句句都是难词,长句,而是要学会运用一些常见词的常见短语去表达,这样才能真正显示写作的水平。这就要求学生在平时的学习中注意积累常用的短语或者词组,以备写作之用。
另外,关于写作素材,不仅仅指写作常用的词汇,句型或者语法结构,还要包括所用的事例。比如:2001年的写作真题,要求写“爱心”,第二段要求用实例证明主题。有的考生见题就写“我考试面临很大的压力,我的朋友是如何帮助我排解压力的”,这显然就是素材贫乏造成的后果。题目中的“爱心”是指“大爱”,陌生人互帮互助的心态。如果写“汶川地震,希望工程”这类事例,显然非常符合题目要求,而且事例又广为人知,比写“朋友如何帮助我”更生动,更有说服力。因此,在平常的练习中要注意从阅读中积累素材,积累词句,而不要仅仅局限于模板之中。
4重视日常练习中的作文批改。
考生在备考写作时,大多忽视了写作训练,因而不能发现自己经常犯的语法错误,更不能克服提笔不知写什么的情况。虽然有部分同学意识到了作文训练的重要作用,但是面对自已“难产出来”的文章,怎么看怎么满意,却不知里面充满了基本的语法错误,以及和英语写作格格不入的内容。所以建议大家一定要重视写作练习后的批改。
参与作文批改的老师这些年大量接触学生,能真正了解作文的要求、阅卷老师评分的批准、考生易犯的错误,能据此提出更为专业、有效的提升方案,能帮考生在短时间内快速提高成绩。
作文五:《作文套路》5600字
作文套路专讲一:三件事套路(基础篇)
作文从某种意义上,是一道题,一道高分值的简答题。作为一道题目它虽然没有标准答案,但有其一套约定俗成的评价标准(这儿不是说评分标准)。这个评价标准存在于每个阅卷老师的心中,各自有差但大同小异。
那么就有人要问了:评价标准到底是什么?
很简单,阅卷老师心中的评价标准,与作文的本质要求是一致的。概括为一个字:现。
现,就是展现、表现的意思。初中的作文,是一个需要表现的舞台。考生在短暂时间和固定的题目内,将自己在表达方面擅长的东西展现出来,抓住老师眼球那就成功了。譬如构思,譬如语言,譬如素材,譬如结构等等。
能和语言相提并论的另一个点,是思维。在教学上越发重视学生思维能力的今天,语文作文对于逻辑思维的要求也愈来愈高。很多学生语言不咋地、素材很老套,但是凭借很好的思维,把话把道理讲清楚,也能拿到高分。
然而很遗憾,以上两项,语言需要笔头上的长期训练,思维需要脑筋上的不断磨砺,都不是一般学生在不怎么写作文的情况下能熟练“现出来”的。
所以我们不禁要问,有没有更简单、更轻松、更不用动脑筋的办法,也可以达到吸引阅卷老师眼光的目的?有。那就是——结构。
结构这东西,可深可浅。小至一篇作文,大致一篇论文、一部书籍,都离不开它。它从某种意义上展现的就是思维,不过是以一种更明显的方式来展现。可以说无论记叙文还是议论文,在短短几百字中想要有所发挥,结构至关重要。
由此可见,结构是个很高明乃至高深的东西。对于学生而言,掌握难度更甚于语言或是思维。那我们讲作文,为何重点讲的就是结构呢?
原因在于,结构是一种可以代劳的东西。
你背几篇语言优美的文章,你背几篇内涵深刻的文章,你背几个条理清晰的逻辑,等到了考场上就会发现,几乎派不上用场。唯有结构,操作方便,立竿见影。 由老师给你们搭好的结构,就叫做套路。套路,便是我们作文课所讲的核心内容。
套路犹如公式,你掌握了它,写作文时只需把材料往里边套,就可
以炮制出一篇篇的成果。我们这篇文章要讲的套路,是一个用途极
广的套路,我称之为“三件事”。
接下来,我将就“三件事套路”,举一些例子,具体讲一讲这个套路是什么,该怎么用。以后,还会有它的升级版(即高分作文版本)。
“三件事套路”是什么?
各位通常写记叙文,都是开头+叙事+结尾的惯常模式。以 600 个字的要求而言,往往是 50+500+50,这对于叙事的要求相当之高,经常让各位苦不堪言。
那么三件事的套路,就是将中间一件叙事改成三件事,也就是成为
50+150+150+150 +50 的样子。这样的结构要求一件事只要写 150 字,大
概 8~10 话就能解决,大大缓解了叙事的苦恼。
有人可能要说,这也没啥啊??不就是将 500 拆成 3 份吗?况且你这 150×3,还不够 500 字呢。
莫急莫急??话还没说完。少掉的那 50 个字,正是本套路的精髓,也是本套路真正吸引阅卷老师眼球的地方!点题。
点题是每个老师教作文时,提到的一项基本要求。考场作文,点题就像一个指示灯,提醒着匆匆地阅卷老师:你看呀,我写的是什么什么什么,可没跑题啊。 在这篇作文指导中,点题被赋予了新的任务,我称之为“文章爆点”。
一个学生无论语言水平如何,两三句优美的富有哲理的话,应当还是说的出来的。既然我们的才华,不足以支撑全篇文章的华丽,那么就把它放到它该去的地方。
点题,本身就是能让阅卷老师眼光停留的地方。如果在这个地方,放的是综合了我们最大功力的语言,并且蕴含了清晰的结构,一定可以击中阅卷老师的内心。 三件事套路的模板,总结如下。
这个套路的核心,就是三个 20 字左右总计 60 字左右的点题部分(开头结尾其实也各点一次题,共点题 5 次)。
接下来,我们就要从点题部分开始,仔细讲一讲如何将这个套路实际运用起来。 “三件事套路”怎么用?
我们以 2015 年南京中考的作文题“想想别人”为例,详细谈一谈。
第一步:先写三个点题部分
根据大量的经验,一般学生的模仿能力要大于创造能力,举例能力要大于概括能力。这正是我们颠倒作文步骤,先写
中间三个小段的原因,称之为“按图索骥”。三个点题的段落,就是我们的“图”。写好这个,再往里面填充故事将变得容易许多。
且看作文题“想想别人”。
这个作文题非常好懂,一般碰到了就会直接想到要写换位思考、替他人考虑的故事。既然是三件事套路,那就写三件替他人考虑的故事嘛。点题??也很容易啊,请看下例。
简化一下,就是这个样子:
好不好?
不好!
为什么不好?
道理很简单,一句话反复说,引起阅读者反胃不适的可能,远大于使他拍掌赞叹的可能。这样的点题,太单调、太敷衍、太没水平!
想象一下,如果我们自己是读者,当我们欣赏东西时,肯定希望看到百花齐放而不是千篇一律,希望看到万紫千红而不是机械地重复重复再重复。
基于这个道理,我们便知道,三个点题段落的基本要求是不重复。三件事情,点三次题,用三句不同角度的话,方是上品。
我们来试一试。
这下怎么样?
比之前好了一些,但
还不够。不够在哪?
顺序。
我们人类的认知,都是有一定顺序规律的。递进,是让人感到舒适而愉悦的顺序之一。对于中学生而言,如果能做到递进,对于阅卷老师将是极大的吸引。
我们来试着排个序,既然是递进,那么就由外到内、由事件到内心。顺序一目了然,先平息矛盾,再收获友谊,最后是内在,获得内心的满足。如果觉得力度不够,可以把第三点写成获得人生境界的提升。
调换之后,将是这个样子。
层层递进、层层深入,这回总该
可以了吧?还是不行。
为什么?
显然啊,这是记叙文不是议论文,要的是点题不是提分论点。别忘了我们一开始说的内容:才华!
绝大多数学生,写个三句文采飞扬才华横溢的句子,还是可以办得到的。用一些常见的修辞,让你的点题亮起来。修改的成果如下。
这样虽然还没有做到完美,但从初中作文的角度,已经具备了让阅卷老师“眼前一亮”的能力,也具备了不错作文分数的基准。
最后回顾一下三个点题段落的要求:不重复,递进,有文采。(对了,必须独立成段!)
不要觉得很困难,记住,这三个小段是“三件事套路”下唯一要动脑筋的地方,花个 5~10 分钟来做都不为过!只要把这个做好了,接下来将是一片坦途。我们可以像推土机一样,一路顺畅地直接推下去。
【附】说几个常用的递进模板供各位借鉴:
①植物→动物→人(生命形态越来越高级,情感越来越复杂);②行为→情感→精神(由外至内);③个人→学校→社会(由小及大);④初一→初二→初三(时间递进,可以自行以此类推);⑤失败→努力→成功(逻辑递进)
第二步:写开头部分
开头部分推荐两种写法:直接点题,或者欲扬先抑。直接点题适用于所有情况,欲扬先抑适用于一半情况。
①先说直接点题。没有什么说法,就爽快地开朗地大方地将话说出来,不要扭扭捏捏,不要遮遮掩掩!
还拿这篇文章来说,开篇 30~50 字点明主旨,话少就少说些,话多就多说一些。
但是切记,不要超过 50 字,不要超过 50 字,不要超过 50 字!我们来试一试。
看起来简单的不得了的一句话,连标点 48 个字,差点过界。你们看,开头多简单,作文多简单。
②再说说欲扬先抑。这个手法在初中也挺好用的,不时地用一用,可以让阅卷老师感受到学生对于“表达技巧”
的熟练,可以增加印象分。
举个常见(其实是烂俗)的例子,我们写一篇有关“父爱”的文章时,可以这么开头。
就这么一弄,欲扬先抑就有了。不过这儿要说一句,“三件事套路”不太适合欲扬先抑。因为给开头的字数限额太少,“抑”的字数不够,那味道就不够,效果也就没那么好。
第三步:叙事(三件)
接下来,就是写作文的正题了,也就是千呼万唤始出来的叙事部分(说白了就是填空)。我们的框架已经搭好,只等着把事情填进去,再写个结尾,就大功告成了。
叙事分两步,第一步是选材,第二步是写。这儿就能体现本套路的优点了,同样的材料,用本套路可以提升分数。譬如 30 分级别的材料诸如父爱母爱之类的,用了本套路可以拿 35~40 分(满分 50 分);40 分级别的材料,用了本套路,或许可以上 45 分。
我们依旧以《想想别人》为例,选材时候注意,一定要契合我们写得三个点题部分。
譬如点题一是“己所不欲,勿施于人。冲突时多想想别人,就可以相互体谅,矛盾将获得平息。”那我们选材时,就选一个和别人发生冲突或误会后,经过换位思考最终和解的事。这儿注意一点,别拿和父母矛盾作材料(这儿不搭),同学矛盾勉强可以用,更好的是同陌生人发生矛盾而和解的事。
我们这儿就选(或者编)一个,踩陌生人脚的故事。为了体现波折,可以先写自己有一回在车上,被别人不小心踩到,结果得理不饶人,差点发生口头冲突。下一回坐车时,换成我踩到别人脚,结果别人首先表示没关系,我脸红的同时,明白了体谅别人的道理。
一定要注意,这个故事已经够曲折,我们只有 150 个字左右,容不得我们介绍背景啥的,记住,直接就写!我来做个示范,你们对照一下,看看与你们所想的叙事过程,是否差不多。
连标点在内 147 个字,各位可能感觉,怎么还没说事情就到字数了?对,就这个样子,150 个字就这么好写。你们在这个套路里要注意的,不是绞尽脑汁凑字数,而是要学会减少废话、说重点。可以观察一下我做的示范,学习一下叙事的重点在哪儿。
重要提醒:不要多写,不要多写,不要多写!
以前有人出现过,事情一收不住手写了 300 个字,事情二没办法只有写 100 个字,事情三更少只写 50 个字。最后来问我“这套路怎么不灵光”,当然不灵光,“三分天下”被搞得“头重脚轻”,结构完全坏了嘛。
比如盖一个 7.5m 的三层楼房,每层 2.5m,相当顺眼。如果盖成了一楼 5m,二楼 2m,三楼 0.5m,那就彻底乱套了,是不是?
接下来两个点题,各位可以自行选择素材,尝
试着去写一写。再次强调,叙事有重点,每个
部分差不多字数。
第四步:结尾
结尾,不是一项技术活,而是一项总结的活。非常简单,将前面三个点题综合到一起,再说一遍,最后点一遍题,就可以了。
相当于提醒眼神不好的阅卷老师:老师啊,我点题了啊??五次啊??中间三次是个优美的结构,你可千万别看漏了??
还是之前的作文,尝试一下结尾。
结尾字数不强制少于 50 。因为你都结尾了,后面又没东西了,只要格子够,想写多一点完全可以。
让我们将先前的成果,放在一起看看吧。
两篇学生修改作文,作为例文供各位参考。
他感动了我
他是我最好的朋友,成绩平平,外貌平平,是个极其平凡的人。但是,我们却有着不平凡的友谊。(43)
他的成绩虽然一般,但比我好。我有不会的题目,总喜欢去问他。人家成绩好的看一眼就会的题,到他这里却是老大难。他抓耳挠腮很久,才思索出方法,认认真真地写到纸上,传递给我。
我对此感到诧异,跑到他面前问他:“你花这么多时间给我做题来教我,不觉得浪费时间吗? ”这时候,他总笑着回答: “帮朋友,天经地义的事儿。”(150) 那一刻,我的心微微一动,暖暖的。(16)
有一回,我因为打球崴了脚,坐在班上不能动。中午我叫他带饭,他却说食堂不允许外带,拒绝了我。对此,我十分懊丧。但又无话可说。中午快要接近午睡,他还没有回来。我心中有些担忧,就在这时,他拎着一个袋子,满头大汗地回来了。“给你。 ”他把袋子给我,里面装着的,是诱人的食物。我很震惊: “你特地去外边帮我买的? ”他淡淡一笑: “没什么,关心一下朋友,天经地义。 ”(174) 那一刻,我的眼眶红了,湿湿的。(15)
后来,班级的一件公共物品坏了,全班的怀疑指向了我,因为我是最后一个用的。我百口莫辩,手足无措之时,他向我投来坚定的目光,那目光中带着信任与支持。老师来到班级,了解了情况,告诉大家那东西原本就是坏的,证明了我的清白。我开心极了,来到他面前: “你怎么知道不是我弄的? ”他笑了: “相信朋友,天经地义。 ”(148)
那一刻,泪水再也忍不住,从面颊上滚滚而下。(21)
这就是我的朋友,平凡的他总带给我不平凡的感动。我为拥有这样的朋友而开心、骄傲。(39)
这,我不会忘记
书房的桌上放了一盆花,由于时间的关系早已不再开放。可是我却舍不得把它拿开,因为这盆花代表了我的一段青春,是我永生难忘的一段回忆。(64)
我小的时候见到一种花,淡淡的香气好闻极了。于是,我缠着妈妈去买。第二天,妈妈没有带回花,却带回了一包花种和许多工具。她这样跟我说:“想要的话,就自己种种看吧。”我兴奋地点点头。从那天起,我所有的课余时间都付出在了上面。每天拍着满是泥土的手祈祷着花儿快快开放。终于, 一个明媚的清晨,我看到花骨朵长出来了,这意味着离开花已经不远。(163)
那一刻,汗水后的喜悦第一次涌现在心头,铭刻在了内心。(26)
叫我失望的是,花骨朵并没有真正开放,而是在一个夜晚夭折了。我沮丧地去找妈妈。妈妈说:“你一直是自己在琢磨。有没有想过,自己的种植方法是不是对的呢?”我明白过来,一头扎进了图书馆。在好朋友的帮助下,找到了许多关于花卉种植的书籍。每天在里面挥洒着汗水,总结出了科学的方法,开始了新的养花之路。 这一次,我严格注意了花的浇水和施肥量。终于在又一年的春天,花朵遵循着和我的约定,开放了。熟悉的淡淡香气来到了我的身边。(202)
那一刻,努力后的收获让我激动万分,烙在了记忆里。(24)
好朋友听闻花开了,来恭喜我。在书房看到了我精心培育出的两盆花。“能不能送我一盆啊,我好喜欢。”好朋友提出了要求。我犹豫了半天,拒绝了。这可是我的心头肉,我可舍不得。好朋友失落的走了。我一个人欣赏着两盆花,在快乐之外,心里莫名地有一点空荡荡。我想起了好朋友对自己的帮助,猛然醒悟过来。我连忙拿着一盆花追上去。在朋友吃惊的眼神中,把花塞给了她。看到她惊喜的笑脸,我心里空荡荡的感觉消失了。(192)
那一刻,分享后的满足充满了我的心房,开放在生命中。(25)
这就是书桌上那盆花的故事,这一段人生历程,我永远都不会忘记。(30)
作文六:《作文套路》4700字
一、小作文
在考研英语小作文写作中, 除了保持一般的议论文风格, 还需要在三段中穿插信函相关 的套句模板,来适应书信文体的要求。
下面就帮大家整理了一些小作文最常用的经典套句,希望大家在考场上能够信手拈来, 发挥作用。
1. 一般开头句型
I’m writing to… 开门见山的开头模式
I’m writing to inform you that… (通知类型 )
I’m writing to seek your assistance in … (请求类型 )
I’m writing in response to your advertisement in … (回应类型 )
I’m writing to express my views on … (建议类型 )
I’m writing to apply for the scholarship that your department offers to students from other countries. (申请类型 )
I’m writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding… (咨询类型 )
I’m writing to express my disappointment/ dissatisfaction about… (投诉类型 ) 2. 感谢类句型
thank-gratitude-grateful-appreciate 的多种变体
I’m most grateful to you for your…
I’m writing this letter to express my sincere gratitude for…
I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks for…
I feel greatly indebted to you for…
I’m writing to tell you how greatly I appreciate all you have done for me…
But for your kind assistance, I would have …
I must thank you again for your generous help。
Please accept my deepest gratitude。
3. 道歉类句型
sorry-apologize-apology 的多种变体
I feel really sorry to you for…
I must apologize to you for…
I would like to express my deepest apology / regret for not being able to … Had I …, I would have… 。
Please accept my sincere apology for…
I want you to know how badly I feel about…
4. 一般结尾句型
Any favorable consideration of my application will be highly appreciated. (申 请 /求职 )
We should be very pleased if you could honor us with your presence. (邀请 函 )
Best wishes for your greater success in your career. (祝愿 )
Thank you for your patience and concern in reading this letter. I hope this does not cause you too much inconvenience. I look forward to hearing from you at your earliest convenience。 (套话组合 )
虽然信函的套用句型还有很多的变化,但上面选取的这些句子在考试中都是非常实用 的,无论什么样的话题,开头结尾加上表示感谢和道歉的礼貌客气话总是必不可少的。
二、大作文
经过对各类考研作文的分析和挖掘,我们发现,在 200词以下的短作文中,三段设置 是一个比较合理的格局。 特别是提纲三点出现的内容和规律, 我们可以发现一共出现过十种 常见的段落。 这些功能段落通过组合, 可以形成多种多样的考法。 由于考研写作相对来说比 较模式化,因此段落的出现也很有规律。可以看出以下的情况:
第一段:话题引出段 / 图画图表描述段
第二段:观点列举段 / 利弊分析段 / 举例论证段 / 原因列举段 /意义阐释段 第三段:归纳结论段 / 未来趋势段 / 建议措施段
任何一次考试, 只要在以上段落中进行三段组合, 就可以进行一种命题。 把握住了这种 规律, 考生就可以解剖大作文。 把任何大作文看作三个部分的组合, 如果有了各部分组合的 固定精彩语言, 就可以以不变应万变。 以下列举出十大功能段落的精彩句型, 供大家背诵使 用。
1) 话题引出段
Nowadays, there is a growing concern over the issue of ……
People in growing numbers are directing their attention to ……
With the development of ……, the problem of …has bee increasingly serious 。
When it es to ……, people’s notions may vary from one to another。 Recently, a heated discussion has sprung up as to ……
Traditional virtue/value has it that……, yet people are……currently 。
2) 图画图表描述段
As is vividly shown in the picture,……
It is clearly depicted in the picture that……
This picture depicts a thought-provoking scene of ……
According to the figures given in the chart,… 。。
The chart above provides a series of essential figures, illustrating the changes taking place in a time span of …years 。
3) 观点对比段
Opposite voices are now rising in the debate. Some people firmly believe that……. On the contrary, quite a few people argue that……
The controversial issue has aroused opposite opinions. One focuses
on …….. ;the other opinion revolves around……
4) 利弊列举段
Every coin has two sides, and this issue is no exception. Above all, …In addition…More importantly… However, the negative influence it renders should not be neglected. ..not only …but also
Is this phenomenon a blessing or a curse.? The following list of advantages and disadvantages can explain everything。
5) 举例论证段
For instance;
Take…for an example;
A case in point is……
The following illustrations can serve as strong evidence of the phenomenon。 6) 原因列举段
Why should this phenomenon take place? There are generally three factors accounting for it。
Having taken everything into consideration, we may attribute the sharp change to three aspects。
7) 意义阐释段
The purpose of the picture is to show us that due attention has to be paid to… 。
The fact/phenomenon that…indicates that … …
Having scrutinized the details of the picture, we can discuss the implications subtly conveyed from it。
8) 归纳结论段
In conclusion,
In my opinion,
As far as I am concerned,
Taking into account all the analyses above, we may confidently e to the conclusion that……
9) 预测趋势段
There is no denying that ……will continue increasing/decreasing in the better/worse direction。
Undoubtedly, the tendency reflected from the chart will undergo a continuous increase/decrease in the near future。
10) 建议措施段
Therefore, it is imperative that we should take some drastic measures。
As far as I am concerned, two effective measures must be immediately taken to pull through the crisis。
As a result, it is advisable to settle the problem by two means。
把握住了以上所列举的一些精彩句型, 就可以达到任由提纲组合, 句型同步组合的目的。 只要作文中具备了高分句型, 其它部分随机应变或即兴发挥, 都可以保障作文的语言水准是 在高分级别。希望同学们利用好框架,在考试中游刃有余地展开,取得高分。
作文七:《作文套路》5400字
一、问答式
这一式就是在文章的开头提出一个统摄全篇的问题, 然后从不同的角度作答 的方法。如学生习作《没有付出,哪来成功?》。开头第一句就发问:成功是什 么?然后从三个方面作答:
A、来自自然界的回答
B、来自人间的回答
C、现在我们可以郑重地回答
在“来自自然界的回答”中, 种子以付出代价而破土成长作答, 母蚌以忍受 痛苦而孕育珍珠作答, 蜜蜂以辛勤劳动而酿成花蜜作答; 在“来自人间的回答” 中,贝多芬以战胜病魔而坚持创作作答,奥运健儿以敢于拼搏而为国争光作答。 最后,“我们可以郑重地回答”:成功是不容易的,没有付出,便没有成功,没 有巨大的付出, 就没有巨大的成功! 没有经历过风雨的考验, 天边又怎么能出现 彩虹?没有付出, 哪来成功?作者就是以这种“一问多答”的形式把文章组织得 井井有条的。
二、关键词式
一篇文章总有几个关键词, 用一系列的关键词来串联文章, 也是一个不错的 方法。 这一式跟问答式很相似, 作者也是在开头提出一个统摄全篇的问题, 只不 过回答的是几个关键词。如学生习作《用真心建关系》。本文开头即提出问题:都说世界是一张网,网着你,也网着我,那么,究竟是什么编织了这一张网,又 是什么维系着你和我?然后用三个关键词领起三个文段来回答:
A、金钱?
B、诚信。
C、真情!
作者在回答中断然否定了金钱, 充分肯定了诚信, 而对真情则大力提倡。 思 路极其清晰, 做到了一目了然。 又由于巧妙利用了标点在表情达意方面非常直观 的长处,文章平中见奇,新颖别致。
三、条件式
即以若干简洁的条件句将话题展开, 形成分论点来构成文章的轮廓。 如 2005年北京高考满分作文《说“安”》。开篇从“修身”切入,引出本文中心:“安 家、安国、安邦,必先安心。”接着又用条件句分段提出四个分论点:
A、志者,必先安心。
B、治者,必先安心。
C、智者,必先安心。
D、知者,必先安心。
然后层层递进的展示了自己的心中“安心”四境:欲成大事者之心, 要安于 既定目标,不屈不挠;掌权治国者之心,要安于国事,心系苍生;大智大慧者之 心,要安于淡泊,不为荣辱所扰;渡人自渡者之心,要安于恬淡,宽宏豁达。在 每段末尾又以“心如磐石”、 “心若冰清”、 “心比镜湖”、 “心似苍穹”四个 比喻句概括作结,言已尽而意未穷。
四、诗句式
这一式议论、 记叙都适用。 就是用若干有概括力的名句来支撑整个文章的结 构,分别领起几个部分,构成主主干。如 2002年吉林高考佳作《名句书写情志, 人生重在选择》就是如此,全文选取的名句如下:
A、屈原:亦余心之所善兮,虽九死其犹未悔。
B、李白:安能摧眉折腰事权贵,使我不得开心颜!
C、于谦:粉骨碎身全不怕,要留清白在人间。
D、林则徐:苟利国家生死以,岂因祸福避趋之?
这四个名句均是大家熟悉的,从屈原、李白到于谦、林则徐,这些熟悉的人 物及其至理名言, 均让我们感受到一种文化的厚重感。 屈原选择正直爱国, 李白 选择高傲豪放, 于谦选择清廉执著, 林则徐选择忠诚勇敢, 他们的选择成就了他 们崇高的人格和辉煌的人生。四则材料直接证明了
再如 2004年湖南高考满分作文《琵琶行之父母有情》,只是从《琵琶行》 中选取若干诗句领起全文:
A、转轴拨弦三两声,未成曲调先有情
B、大弦嘈嘈如急雨,小弦切切如私语。嘈嘈切切错杂弹,大珠小珠落玉盘
C、间关莺语花底滑
D、冰泉冷涩弦凝绝,凝绝不通声暂歇,别有幽愁暗恨生,此时无声胜有声
E、曲终收拨当心划,四弦一声如裂帛
F、座上泣下谁最多,掌上明珠双眸湿
文章精巧构思,以古代名篇《琵琶行》作为行文结构转换的标志,同时将考 生的成长过程结合到了一起, 将日常生活中平凡琐碎的事情写得诗意盎然, 而且 脉络也十分清晰,一目了然。
五、纵向式
这一式主要针对 “ 关系型 ” 话题作文。它从话题的两个概念之间的关系入手展开,形成几 个同时涉及两个概念的首括句,从而构成整篇文章的框架。 2004年广东高考满分作文《语 言是沟通的钥匙》就是如此:
A 、恰如其分的语言表达,利于亲情的沟通。
B 、恰如其分的语言表达,利于友情的沟通。
C 、恰如其分的表达,利于爱情的沟通。
这篇作文非常规范。观点鲜明,从三个角度议论语言的作用,点出语言有助于亲情的沟 通、语言有助于友情的沟通,语言有助于爱情的沟通,议论中肯,层次清楚。
六、横向式
这一式适合于 “ 关系型 ” 话题 “ 纵向式 ” 展开有困难的情况, 也可称为 “ 分总式 ” , 即将话题涉 及的两个概念分别展开之后,再论述两者之间的关系。例如 2005年四川高考优秀作文《历 史的笑容》就是如此,全文由三个小标题领起的若干个语段构成主干:
A 、关于忘记
B 、关于铭记
C 、云在青山月在天
作者思路一目了然,以简洁而富于诗意的文笔,再现了屈原、王勃、苏轼三为历史人物 坎坷的命运,屈原不会忘记,只铭记了恶浊伤痛而陷入倦怠; 王勃选择忘记,轻狂放纵而成 为预知死亡的才子;苏轼善于忘记也铭记,善于选择,自得其所,乐观旷达而善终一生。最 后水到渠成的得出结论:会忘记, 会铭记又如何?只有会选择, 才能歆享人生带给我最大的 乐趣。
这种方式最为直观,也最容易操作,但局限性也比较大,适用面不太宽。
七、倾诉式
这一式比较适合于抒情叙事的文章。根据话题限制和表达的需要,选定特定的对象进行 倾诉,特别容易感人。如 2005年广东高考满分作文《芬香永存》就特别具有代表性。本文 撷取四个小材料勾勒成文,而这四个材料分别由四个深情的呼告语句领起:
A 、妈,你走后我变乖了。
B 、妈,您走后我更关心妹妹了。
C 、妈,您走后我就把头发留长了。
D 、妈妈,您走了, …… 我开始独立,学会做各样的活儿。
而所有的这些改变都是为了 “ 纪念 ” 已在天堂的母亲。全文所写不过是些家常琐事,但如 泣如诉,感人至深;同时也刻画了一个在经历失恃之痛后突然长大了的坚强的主人公形象。 母亲走了,作者生活中赖以依靠的那棵树倒了,于是自己便长成了一棵树。
八、聆听式
根据需要,在文章中虚拟若干 “ 发言 ” 对象,而将作者自己放在聆听者的位置来展开思路。 如 2001年四川高考满分作文 《感悟生命》 , 作者在开头以简洁的语句明确点题之后即以虚拟 的 “ 发言 ” 对象展开:
A 、友人告诉我:生命是崎岖坎坷的,路上有着荆棘、沼泽,也有鲜艳的花果。
B 、老师告诉我:生命是一场充满着遗憾,又满是拼搏的较量。
C 、父母告诉我:生命是一盘漫长的棋局。
然后更以自然界里的 “ 风 ” 、 “ 雨 ” 、 “ 雷 ” 、 “ 电 ” 甚至 “ 小草 ” 、 “ 花儿 ” 等告诉我生命的真谛, 将 “ 感悟生命 ” 展现得特别充实丰满,气势也格外酣畅。
再如 2001年山东高考满分作文《所欲有甚于生者》 。作者开头以排比的形式引出话题, 以 “ 凝望历史时空,有些人选择了坚毅,有些人选择了奋起,甚者选择了死亡。他们用行动 注释着生命,演绎着生命,亮丽着生命 ” 总领全文,然后以前贤们向我 “ 宣称 ” 的形式展开主 体段落:
A 、坚毅者宣称,困难像弹簧,你弱它就强。
B 、 奋起者宣称, 生活的道路上险象环生 …… 面对困难, 唯有奋起, 才能成就不朽之伟业。
C 、死亡者以其不死之灵魂向我诉说着生死大义。
最后以
篇以
九、比喻式
就是将话题展开成为若干个比喻句, 并以这些提纲挈领的比喻句作为全文的 骨架,再充实成文。如上海高考满分作文《忙,不亦乐乎》就是这样。
这篇文章标题即将生活中的一句口头禅“忙得不亦乐乎”机智翻新, 拟作标 题将,把“忙”与“乐”联系起来。开篇扣题,亮出观点:忙,是人生中一个个 步骤,不能碌碌无为地白忙,要忙就忙得精彩,忙得不亦乐乎。主体部分巧妙的 将它分解成为三个分支:
A、忙是问号。
B、忙是省略号。
C、忙是惊叹号。
在这三部分中作者分别用问号、 省略号、 惊叹号巧妙设喻, 抓住这三种标点 符号的特征, , 深刻地阐明人生忙, 忙要像问号一样, 经常问问自己, 不能盲目, 不能瞎忙,要忙得有意义;人生如四季一样是有规律的,要选准目标,像省略号 一样,毫无休止地忙下去,忙出生命灵动的色彩;而人生有限,每个人都应有限 的生命里忙出属于他的惊叹号,忙出人生精彩的篇章。层层递进,脉络清楚,每 一部分略举几个事例加以论证, 然后得出结论:我们的忙不能永远是问号, 而应 是省略号和感叹号。 忙就要忙得精彩, 忙得不亦乐乎。 以此总结全文, 照应开头, 照应题目,收束有力。
十、小标题式
这一式操作性极强。就是给文章的各个相对完整意义的段加上一简洁的标 题,以揭示或提示段落的内容,从而使文章要点清晰、层次分明。运用小标题, 不仅仅使文章结构起了变化, 而且对形成文章的思路, 精心安排篇章都具有重要 的作用。如 2003年陕西高考满分作文《情与理》。文章三个主体段落分别以三 个小标题领起:
A、渴望真情
B、超越感情
C、驾驭感情
作者站在历史的高度, 总结了极有代表性的 8个人物的人生经历和态度, 得 出结论:理智需要情感的润泽,人生才显灵动;情感需要理智的依托,人生才显 智慧,愿人人都能用情感之雨浇灌理智之花。
再如 2002年高考满分作文《无愧于天,无悔于心》。全文主体部分也是用 三个小标题来支撑:
A、巾帼不让须眉。
B、巨匠打造经典。
C、英雄爱国无敌。
以王昭君、 屈原、 荆轲、 文天祥、 文王、 仲尼等古代先贤志士以“无愧于天, 无悔于心”作为自己人生选择的标准, 铺写他们选择的结果——“塑造的是干秋 万代的典雅与理智”。写得汪洋恣肆,读来荡气回肠。
十一、蒙太奇式
即由各个有内在联系的画面或场景直接组合而成, 操作简单, 运用也比较广 泛。如 2005年广东高考满分作文《不能忘记的过去——反法西斯战争胜利 60周年》。该文将 60年前后对比鲜明的三组画面组合在一起,具体如下:
A、六十年前,法国,诺曼底,犹他海滩←→六十年后的今天,法国,诺曼 底,犹他海滩
B、六十年前,苏联,斯大林格勒,前线←→六十年后的今天,俄罗斯,莫 斯科红场
C、六十年前,中国,东北,某个村庄←→六十年后的今天,中国,东北, 某个小镇
画面之间,用简短的议论点睛扣题,巧妙过渡,跨越时空限制,将欧亚两大 战场汇于一处, 前后六十年历史凝聚瞬间, 给读者带来一股强烈的视觉冲击和情 感震撼。
十二、反复式
能够体现作者重要观点的语句在文中关键位置反复出现,以显示行文的脉络,能产生回 环往复、一唱三叹之妙。 2003年吉林高考满分作文《怎一个 “ 情 ” 字了得》就是如此。作者 巧妙化用名句,改一 “ 愁 ” 字为 “ 情 ” 字,赋标题以新意。并以此作为全文的议论中心和行文的 线素。主体部分用 “ 怎一个 ”? 情 ' 字了得 “ 领起。以祁贺羊 ” 外举不避仇,内举不避子 “ 的典型例 子,证明 ” 认知之 ? 理 ? 是 ? 情 ? 外之物,它因人而异,并非总受 ? 情 ? 的束缚 “ ;以战国时齐国的邹
忌他在 ” 纯然淡漠 “ 的心态下所表现的自知之明的事例,有力的证明了 ”? 认知 '“ 高于 ? 感情 '” 的 观点;以汉代历史学家陈寿抛开个人的爱恶,歌颂 “ 仇人 ” 孔明,大讲实事求是的例子,再次 证明观点。
全文结构清晰严谨,一句 “ 怎一个 ? 情 ' 字了得 ” 出现六次,或拟做标题,树旗明旨,亮出观 点;或置于段首,概括要义,领起下文;或用于结尾,总括全文,点睛扣题。它如同散文中 那根思想的红线,有机地组合了各部分材料,从而使文章一贯而成。
十三、判断式
这一式使用得较为普遍,操作也比较简便。就是将话题分解成为几个判断句,然后以这 些判断句为提纲,充填具体内容敷衍成文的方法。如 2003年高考全国卷满分作文《用旁观 的眼神》 。文章在首段尾句点明文章中心:请用旁观的眼神!文章接着然后将此主旨句分解 成为若干个判断句:
A 、用旁观的眼神看别人,是意识的清醒。
B 、用旁观的眼神看事物,是理念的超越。
C 、用旁观的眼神,才能 …… ;用旁观的眼神,才能 …… ;用旁观的眼神,才能 …… …………
然后用唐对魏徵、鲍叔牙与管仲等六个历史上典型事例,从正面阐释,再接着讲唐玄宗、 晋武帝的所作所为,从反面论证。本文所用材料虽多,沙及到的时间虽长,但均能以 “ 用旁 观的眼神 ” 统率,故纵横捭阖,收放自如,难能可贵。
十四、否定式
有时从正面难以突破,不妨绕道而行,从反面展开,也能达到预期的效果,甚至写出新 意。如 2003年高考优秀作文《转折》就是如此。这篇文章将话题 “ 转折 ” 展开成为三个句子:
A 、转折,并不意味着要放弃信念。
B 、转折,并不意味着要放弃尊严。
C 、转折,并不意味着要放弃前进。
这三个句子提纲挈领,构成整篇文章的 “ 骨架 ” ,主体部分以 “ 鲁迅为了救国而弃医从文 ” 、 “ 韩信为了鞭策自己而受胯下之辱 ” 、 “ 张文举为实现人生的目标而弃文从书法 ” 三个典型事例 分别加以论证,思路非常清楚,取得了很好的效果。
十五、假设式
围绕话题,用若干假设句作为骨架来支撑整篇文章。这种提纲挈领的句子既可放在段首, 也可放在段尾, 可以根据实际情况灵活处理。 这里举一个放在段尾的例子 —— 《我若为官》 。
具体如下:
A 、我若为官,不为则已,为则当为王公之官!
B 、我若为官,不为则已,为则当为
作文八:《作文套路》15000字
作文套路模块
套路模块一 :“提纲作文”模块
引言 /现象 /问题 + 根源 /观点 /途径 +评论 /意见 /态度
“ 观点 ” 模块
People's views/ideas/opinions on... vary from person to person. Some people think that... They hold this opinion because.… However, others hold that...
As to me, I am in favor of the first/second idea. The following are the reasons of / for my choice/personal attitude.
First, while it is true that..., it doesn' t mean that... Besides,... It is true that..., but this is not to say that...
Therefore/In a word, ...
My View on Developing Private Cars
People's views on private cars vary from person to person. Some people think that it is an inevitable tendency to develop private cars. They hold this opinion because private cars are popular in advanced countries. In their opinion, China will also be an advanced country and Chinese people should have private cars. However, others hold that
we should not follow the example of foreign countries and should not develop private cars at the expense of the environment.
As to me, I am in favor of the second idea. The following are the reasons for my personal preference. First, while it is true that most people have private cars in advanced countries, it doesn't mean that we should also have private cars when we are rich. We should be environment-conscious and should make full use of public transport. Besides, our country is still a developing country and some frontier and inland areas are still very poor and backward. We should develop these areas first.
Admittedly, some rich people can have private cars before others can, but this is not to say that private cars should be popularized and that every family should own a car.
“ 利弊 ” 模块
Nowadays, ... play(s) an important part/role in... (is/are popular around us). Like everything else, ... has/have both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
First, ... Besides,... Most important of all, ...
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. To begin with, ... . To make matters worse… . And worst of all,... .
Through above analysis, I believe that the advantages/positive aspects outweigh the disadvantages/ negative ones. Therefore, ...
On Computers
Nowadays, puters are very popular around us. Like everything else, puters have both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
First, puters can calculate. They can make work more efficient for they have a high speed of calculation. Besides, people can municate with each other by E-mail, which costs people less money and less time. Most important of all, puters create wide munication around the world. People can municate with each other by joining Internet. They can make friends all over the world. But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. To begin with, since puters can do a lot of work for us, we may rely too much on them and bee lazy. To make matters worse, although it is convenient to municate by E-mail, people will have fewer opportunities to talk to each other face to face and their relationship may fade away. Worst of all, puters will have virus that may cause a lot of important information to be lost.
Through above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects out-weigh the negative aspects. Therefore, I believe, puters will
have a bright future.
“ 如何 ” 模块
Nowadays, whenever we …, we will …. It is a real headache to every one of us. And we must take some steps to solve /do something about the …problem.
Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem, but the following ones may be most effective. First of all,... Besides, /Another way to solve the problem of.. is... Finally, ...
These are not the best and the only measures we can take. But it should be realized/recognized that it is our duty to take strong actions to put an end to it.
How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic
Nowadays, whenever we go, we will be caught in a traffic jam. It is a real headache to every one of us. And we must take some steps to solve the traffic problem.
Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem, but the following ones may be most effective. First of all, roads should be broadened to speed up the flow of heavy traffic. Another way to solve the problem of heavy traffic is to open up more bus routes to reduce
bicycles and automobiles. Finally, more underground passages should be developed so that people needn’ t all crowd onto the streets.
These are not the best and the only measures we can take. But it should be recognized that it is our duty to take strong actions to put an end to it.
“ 选择 /A or B” 模块
When we/you..., we/you will be faced with the choice between A and B. Before making the right choice, we/you had better make a close parison and contrast of them.
First of all, A... Also, B ... Second, A ... Likewise, B ... Despite their similarities, A and B are also different in the following aspects. First, A ... However, B... Besides, A... On the contrary, B...
Therefore, it depends which... we/you should choose. If we/ you... , we/you should choose A; but if we/you..., we/you should turn to B.
Investing in Saving or in Insurance
When you invest, you will be faced with the choice between saving in the bank and buying insurance. Before making the right choice, you had better make a close parison and contrast of them.
First of all, you can get interest by saving in the bank. You can also
get interest by buying insurance. Second, it is safe to save in the bank. Likewise, insurance is also a safe investment. Despite their similarities, saving in the bank and buying insurance are also different in the following aspects.
First of all, you can get a higher interest by saving in the bank but you can never be insured against casualties. However, though interest for insurance is lower, buying insurance you can be insured against casualties. Besides, the term of deposit is at most five years. On the contrary, the term of insurance can be as long as your life and its long-term interest will be enough to ensure your life after retirement. Therefore, it depends whether you want a short-term reward or a long-term reward. If you want a short-term reward, you should save in the bank; but if you want a long-term reward, you should buy insurance.
“ 原因 /Why” 模块
... There are many reasons / causes for..., but in general, they e down to three major ones. For one thing, ... . For another, ... . Perhaps the prime reason / cause is that... .
As a result, ... . What makes things worse,… . Therefore, Therefore, more effective measures should be taken to put and end to it.
Why Smuggling Cannot be Done away with?
Although our country is cracking down on smuggling with great determination, smuggling cannot be totally wiped out. It is still running wild. Cars, puters, TV sets, etc. are continually smuggled into our country by sea. There are many reasons for this phenomenon, but in general, they e down to three major ones.
For one thing, smugglers are attracted by high profit to take risks. For another, the coastline is very long but there are few coast guards. And so in most cases they can get away with it. Perhaps the prime reason is that sometimes smugglers will bribe some customs officers and local government officials so that smuggled goods can go through the frontier inspection stations safe and sound.
As a result, much cheaper smuggled goods drive the domestic goods out of market and disturb our national economy. And what makes things worse, some factories have to shut down because they cannot have their products sold. Therefore, more effective measures should be taken to prevent smuggling.
套路模块二 —“ 图表 ” 模块
图表描述 +深层次原因 +结论
总之,图表作文要求考生首先看懂图表在展示的内容。特别要看 清图表中发展趋势,线条起伏,变化
Model
Graph Writing
According to the table/curve graph / bar chart / pie chart), it is obvious that[或 As indicated by the figures (data) given in the picture(graph),] X fell/rose significantly (greatly/ sharply/ noticeably// climbed) from (数字) in (时间) to (数字) in (时间) . It can also be seen that there was a sharp (great) decline (rise) from (数字) in (时 间) to (数字) in (时间) [或 by (数字) during the same period]. What has brought about the development? {或 Several causes/reasons contribute to the development [change/rise/fall] shown in the graph.} First,… Besides,….And finally,…
But there are also some problems/advantages underlying/behind
this development/change, and … is one of them. Therefore, whether this trend is a blessing or a curse in the long run, only time can tell.
Health Gained in Developing Countries
As indicated by the figures /data) given in the graph, life expectancy in developing countries has climbed from about 40 to around 60 from 1960’s to 1990’s. It can also be seen that there was a sharp decline in the infant mortality by 15%(,from 250 deaths per 1000 births to about 100 deaths per 1000) during the same period.
Several reasons contribute to the development /change shown in the graph. First, the rapid advance in medical science has made it possible to cure a lot of originally deadly diseases and save the life of millions of babies who might well have been died before their birth. Besides, as a result of the general improvement of living standard, people are no longer satisfied with a full stomach and warm clothing. They are interested in healthy foods and are doing a lot of physical exercises. Finally, the rapid development of science and technology at large have minimized the damages caused by floods, earthquakes and other natural disasters where mothers and children suffer most.
But there are also some problems underlying/behind this change, and the world’ s more and more serious population explosion is one of them. Therefore, whether this trend is a blessing or a curse in the long run,
only time can tell.(200)
Changes in People’s Diet
1) s tate the changes in people’s diet in the past five years
2) g ive possible reasons for the change
3) d raw your own conclusion
You Should quote as few figures as possible.
In the past five years ,many changes have taken place in people’ s diet. The proportion of grain , which is the main food of Chinese people, has decreased by 4 percent. On the contrary , the proportion of milk and meat in people’s diet has increased .
These changes in people’ s diet shoe some modifications in people’ s living standard and life style. Since China began her economic reform in 1978, various kinds of food have appeared in the market. Milk and meat , which were seldom seen on people’ s dinner tables before, have now bee popular food in Chinese families.
As the living standard of the Chinese people is rising, we look
forward to further changes in people’ s diet. In the future, the proportion of milk and meat is likely to go on increasing and the proportion of fruit and vegetable s is likely to increase as well.
套路模块三……书信模块
“格式文体:信头 +正文 +信尾”
A Letter Writing
Dear Mr. … ,
My name is … . I am a third-year student in ….. As (原因 ), I venture to write to you about … which has given rise to frequent plaint/excitement/interest among students.
The reasons of the plaint/excitement/interest are as follows.
The …. And the …. Moreover, the …. Finally, the …. As a result, …. Hon estly speaking, the … , . And there is another thing I’d put a good word for … . But (… . In a word/Naturally,) there is still much room for improvement in the way of the…. We honestly hope that you could do something about it so that ….
Best regards.
Sincerely Yours,
A Letter to the University President About the Canteen Service Dear Mr. President,(事务信称呼后总用冒号 Dear Sir or Madam: )
My name is Li Ming. I am a third-year student in business school. As I ’ ve heard of a lot of plaint from my classmates, I venture to write to you about the canteen service on campus which has given rise to frequent protests.
The causes of the plaint are as follows. Besides being poor in quality, the food is unreasonably expensive. And the vegetables are sometimes so overcooked as to lose their taste (and maybe nutrients too). Moreover, the fish and meat are often not fresh. Finally, the service workers are not at all friendly to us students. As a result, many of us go out to outside restaurants or snack bars to have meals so as to
keep our body and soul together.
Honestly speaking, the dining room setting has been improved, with the wall painted and some pictures posted up. And there is another thing I’d put a good word for is the free soup available most of the time.
still much room for improvement in the way of the canteen service. We honestly hope that you could do something about it so that we will not suffer for the remaining days we are here.
Best regards.
Sincerely yours, Truly yours,
Faithfully yours,
写一封申请到 Boston University学习并获得博士学位的求学信。 在信 中谈自己的主要学习情况(包括学习和工作经历) ,提出入学时间及 要求经济资助等。
Dear Sirs:
I would like to begin my study at Boston University in fall,2004. Now I ’ m writing to you
to apply for admission to the department of Astronomy for Ph.D program..
I graduated from Qing Hua University in 1994, specializing in Space Physics , when I obtained bachelor degree of science and got A’ s in all the main subjects in my four years ’ study. Later I pleted a 3-year-graduate course with straight A’ s and received Master Degree of Science in the same university. Now I ’ m working in Chinese Science Academy and have had eight papers in astronomy published.
I should be very grateful if you forward to me the necessary
application forms, a financial aid form and other related information. Thank you for paying attention.
Sincerely Yours
A Letter to a High School Teacher
November 23,2003
Dear Mr. Zhang,
How are you ! I ’ m writing to you from Tianjin. It snowed a ………………… ..
…………………………………………………………………………… …… ..
……………………………………………………………………… . .Your s sincerely
Wang Junyan
2.A letter of Congratulations
1) 获悉你考入牛津大学,攻读英语硕士研究生,特此祝贺。
2) 你的成功十分难得,你才出众,为国增了光。
3) 让我再次向你表示祝贺。
A Letter of Congratulation.
Nanjing ,China November 5,2003 Mr. Wang Xiao
Sample:
A Letter to the University President About the Canteen Service
Dear Mr. President,
My name is Li Ming. I am a third-year student in business school. As I’ve heard of a lot of plaint from my classmates, I venture to write to you about the canteen service on campus which has given rise to frequent protests.
The causes of the plaint are as follows. Besides being poor in quality, the food is unreasonably expensive. And the vegetables are sometimes so overcooked as to lose their taste (and maybe nutrients too). Moreover, the fish and meat are often not fresh. Finally, the service workers are not at all friendly to us students. As a result, many of us go out to outside restaurants or snack bars to have meals so as to keep our body and soul together.
Honestly speaking, the dining room setting has been improved, with the wall painted and some pictures posted up. And there is another thing I’d put a good word for is the free soup available most of the time.
still much room for improvement in the way of the canteen service. We honestly hope that you could do something about it so that we will not suffer for the remaining days we are here.
Best regards.
Sincerely Yours
作文九:《作文套路》5800字
考试准备工作:2B 签笔,水笔,橡皮,三证(身份证,准考证,学生证) ,收音机
考试时间安排:
首先下发作文纸。 须在 30分钟内写完一篇作文。 在这期间监考老师会下发试卷, 千万不 要翻看否则算作弊。写完作文后第二部分是快速阅读,须在 15分钟内完成。快速阅读的形 式是判断题和填空(需注意填空题问题在答题卡上) 。做快速阅读的时候有个技巧。就是不 需要先将文章看完, 先看问题, 第一个问题对应的一般都是第一第二段, 以此类推。 好了后, 监考老师会将答题纸收回。 接下来不要急着做下面的阅读之类的, 先将听力内容浏览一遍因 为紧接着第三部分就是听力了。 听力的形式跟以前我们所接触的不大一样。 试卷上没有给出 每一题的问题, 只给了选项。 做听力的时候不要犹豫无论如何都要选一个答案, 不要耽误下 一题的时间。第四部分是阅读,须在 25分钟内完成。其中第一篇是选词填空尽量在 5分钟 内完成,后面有两篇的短篇阅读,基本上每篇阅读得控制在 10分钟之内。答题的时候带着 问题去看文章效率会比较高。第五部分是完形填空争取在 10分钟内完成。第六部分是翻译 (需注意问题在答题卡上) 。
建议:每做完一部分就将答案填入答题卡, 以免最后没有时间填写, 填写答题卡的时候需注 意它的编号方式, 有些是横着的有些是竖着的, 千万别填错了。 其实四级考试最重要的就是 一定要把全部内容都做完, 而其中听力、 作文和阅读的分数占得比例比较大也是最重要的三 个部分。 所以在最后的一个月就得开始准备准备了。 前两周的话一个星期做 1-2份试卷就好 (作文可以先忽略,考前的时候我去找范围) ,可以不再同一个时间内做完,比如今天做阅 读,明天做完型,熟悉下题型,但一定要计时。再背些比较好用的在作文中可以套的句子。 后两周保证一个星期做 2份试卷要在一定时间内完成,就像考试那样。
作文套句:
开头:
Recently, the problem of … has aroused people’s concern.
最近 ,… 问题已引起人们的关注 .
Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought
a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色 . 它给我们带来了许多好处 , 但也产生 了一些严重的问题 .
Nowadays, (overpopulation) has bee a problem we have to face.如今 ,(人口过剩 ) 已成为 我们不得不面对的问题了 .
It is monly believed that… / It is a mon belief that…
人们一般认为 …
Many people insist that… 很多人坚持认为 …
With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that … 随着 科技的发展 , 越来越多的人认为 …
A lot of people seem to think that… 很多人似乎认为 …
Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....
随着社会的不断发展,出现了越来越多的问题,其中之一便是 ____________。
As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.
然而, 对于此类问题, 人们持不同的看法。 (Hold different attitudes 持不同的看 ;Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法 )
As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....
随着社会的发展,人们开始关注 ............
People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting
求职的过程中,人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。
As to whether it is worthwhile ....., there is a long-running controversial debate. It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.
关于是否值得 ___________的问题,一直以来争论不休。当然,不同的人对此可能持不 同的观点。
结尾:
Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally e to the conclusion that… 把所有 这些因素加以考虑 , 我们自然会得出结论 …
Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably e to the conclusion that … 考虑所有这些因素 , 我们可能会得出合理的结论 …
Hence/Therefore, we’d better e to the conclusion that…
因此 , 我们最好得出这样的结论 …
There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.毫无疑问 , (跳槽) 有优点也有缺点 .
All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise. 总之 , 我们没有 … 是无法生活的 . 但同时 , 我们必须寻求 新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题 .
正文:
引出不同观点 :
People’s views on… vary from person to person.Some hold that… . However, others believe that….
人们对 … 的观点因人而异 . 有些人认为 ….. 然而其他人却认为. . .
People may have different opinions on….
人们对 … 可能会有不同的见解 .
Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person.
人们对待(吸毒)的态度因人而异 .
There are different opinions among people as to…
关于 …. 人们的观点大不相同 .
Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure).
对 (失败 ) 人们的态度各不相同 .
However, there are also some others who contend that...
然而,也有人认为 __________。
But other people set forth pletely totally different argument concerning this case.
不过,对于此,另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle.
有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly ...
另一方面,也有很多反对的人,他们认为 _____________。
When it es to ..., most people believe that ..., but other people regard ...as ....
提到 _________问题,很多人认为 _________,不过,一些人则认为 ______是 ____. When faced with...., quite a few people claim that ...., but other people think as...
提到 _________问题,仅少数人认为 ________,但另一些人则认为 _________。
提出建议 :
It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).
该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了 .
It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of … 该是采纳 … 的建议 , 并对 … 的进展给予特殊重视的时候了 .
There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of … 毫无疑问 , 对 … 问题 应予以足够的重视 .
Obviously, If we want to do something, it is essential that…
显然 , 如果我们想做某事 , 很重要的是 …
Only in this way can we… 只有这样 , 我们才能 …
It must be realized that… 我们必须意识到 …
预示后果 :
Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that… will lead us in danger. 很明显 , 如果我们不能控制这一问题 , 很有可能我们会陷入危险 .
No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that… 毫无疑问 , 除非我们采取 有效措施 , 很可能会 …
It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the ituation.很紧迫的是 , 应立 即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展 .
论证:
From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.
在我看来 , 支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理 .
I cannot entirely agree with the idea that…
我无法完全同意这一观点 ….
Personally, I am standing on the side of …
就个人而言 , 我站在 … 的一边 .
I sincerely believe that… 我真诚地相信 …
In my opinion, it is more advisable to do … than to do….
在我个人看来 , 做 … 比做 … 更明智 .
After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that...
经过深思熟虑,我较支持后一种看法,亦即 ________________________。
给出原因 :
This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, … Second, … Third, …
这一现象的存在是有许多原因的 . 首先 , … 第二 , … 第三 ,…
Why did… ? For one thing… For another…. Perhaps the primary reason is…
为什么会 …? 一个原因是 … 令一个原因是 … 或许其主要原因是 ….
I quite agree with the statement that… the reasons are chiefly as follows. 我十分赞同这一 论述 , 即 …, 其主要原因如下 :
列出解决办法 :
Here are some suggestions for handling…
这是如何处理某事的一些建议 .
The best way to solve the troubles is…
解决这些麻烦的最好办法是 …
People have figured out many ways to solve this problem. 人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题 .
批判错误观点和做法 :
As far as something is concerned, …. 就某事而言 ,… It was obvious that… 很显然 ,….
It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that…
可能 … 是对的 , 但这并不意味着 …
It is natural to believe that… , but we shouldn’t ignore that… 认为 …. 是很自然的 , 但我们不应忽视 ….
There is no evidence to suggest that… 没有证据表明 …
作文十:《作文套路》5100字
作文套路:
1. 选好作文的视角。 完成 审题和构思。
2. 写好作文的开头。 英语 的开篇直截了当, 紧扣 主题。可以引言法,开 门见山法,反问法。 3. 保证逻辑脉络清楚。 每 一段有主题句。 然后可 以采用因果分析,对 比,列举,举例。 4. 结尾。 文章的总结和升 华, 可以再次肯定或者 强调自己的主题。
具体步骤:
Introduction-body-conclusio n
如何写 introduction:
1. giving necessary background information about the topic.
2. indicate the topic you plan to write.
3. conclude with a statement that sets out your opinion. Body:
1. write the topic sentence.
1.1. tell the main idea of the paragraph.
1.2. put at the very beginning of the paragraph. 1.3. simple sentence is often used, because topic sentence should be as simple and clear as possible.
2. write the sentences that can illustrate and explain the topic sentence.
2.1. giving relevant, accurate reasons or facts. 2.2. give examples. (as the
proverb goes : “ facts speak louder than words” .)
2.3. use transition words and expressions.
a. 表示时间:
first, to begin with, in the first place, next, then, finally, at this point, after this, at the first stage, etc./and so on/and so forth.
b. 表示观点的列举: firstly, secondly, in addition, besides, moreover, furthermore, one reason,
another reason, a further reason, the final reason etc. c. 表示因果:
as a result, as a consequence, consequently, due to, because of, on account of, thanks to, owing to, because. Etc.
d. 表示比较和对比: in the same way, in the similar way, similarly, in contrast, in parison, on the one hand, on the other hand. Etc.
2.4. the final sentence of the body paragraph often pletes the main idea of the body.
3. 写 conclusion.
3.1. briefly sum up what you have said in your essay. 3.2. make suggestions and remendations.
3.3. in short, in a word, in brief, to sum up, in conclusion, on the whole, in all.
4. 检查 .
Spelling and grammar.
几种作文的套路:
一:两种事物进行选择:套路一:
When we talk about … , we will be faced with the choice between A and B. Before making the right choice, we had better make a close parison and contrast of them.
First of all, A… , also, B… Second, A… , likewise, B…
Despite the similarities, A and B are also different in the following aspects. First, A… , however, B… . Besides, A… on the contrary, B …
Therefore, it depends which/what… .we should choose. If we … ., we should choose A, but if we … , we should turn to B.
Studying Abroad or at
Home.
套路 2:
When we e to talk about … , it is inevitable to meet the choice between A and B. We would be considered as inconsiderate if we rushed our decision without paring and contrasting them.
First of all, both A and B … . A … ., however, B… Moreover, A … , in contrast, B …
Finally, the most striking difference is that A… , while B …
Therefore, it is not difficult to make a right choice. If we … , we will choose A, but if we … , we will turn to B. In a word, the key lies in… Test-oriented or Ability-oriented Education. Criteria
二:
套路一:
People ’ s views on … vary from person to person. Some people think that … in their opinion … , however, others hold that … ., they hold this opinion because… As to me, I am in favor of the first idea. The following are the reasons./the reasons for this can be listed as follows.
First, while it is true that… ., it doesn ’ t … , besides … , admittedly … , but this is not
to say…
From the foregoing… My View on Whether Students Should Take Exams.
Different people have different views on
It is held that …… but it is also held that … /some others argue
that …
Those who hold the first opinion … . In contrast, those who hold the second view… As to me, I agree with the former/latter opinion. Admittedly,friends should help each other,but this is not to say that … . For instance … what ’ s more, it should be understood that… . For example…
In a word…
套路 3:
When asked about a theme, different people will offer different opinions, … is no exception. Some people take it for granted that … However,some
others hold that…
As far as I’ m concerned, I’ m in favor of the first view. The reasons are as follows. First, there is an element of
truth that … ,but it doesn ’ t … .A case in point is that … .As another instance … . Therefore, the first/second doesn ’ t hold water.
Topic: My View on Producing Nuclear Weapons.
三:赞成与反对。 (该类题 型需要考生在分析利与弊 的 基 础 上 得 出 自 己 的 结 论) 。
套路一:
Like everything else, … has both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantages First, … Besides, … . The most important of all,… But as each coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent.
Now the conclusion is self-evident. The positive aspects/outweigh the negative ones. Therefore, … and we should try to change the negative aspects into positive ones. Topic:Advantages and Disadvantages of Failure. 四:对给定的观点进行论 述。
套路一:
There are many reasons for … , but in general, they e down to three major ones. For one thing, … for another, … perhaps the prime reason is that…
From the foregoing… Topic: Why Are There More and More Private Schools in China?
套路二:
There are many factors that may account for the reason
why … , but the following are the most typical ones. First, … Besides, … Most important of all…
In conclusion,…
Topic: Why I Take English as My Major?
对文章评价的 七个方面:
1. organization(组织结构 )
2. coherence(连贯性 )
3. Unity(统一性 )
4. Grammar (语法)
5. Idiomatic usage(习 语 的 使用 )
6. Diction(措辞 )
7. Variation(行文变化 )