作文一:《热点话题演讲稿》21000字
热点话题演讲稿
篇一:演讲的热点话题的精美段落
以下英语作文或演讲的热点话题的精美段落全部摘选自英文网
站、权威报纸、名人演讲稿和大学教材,语言地道,适合背诵,
举一反三,迅速提高英语作文水平和口头表达能力。
1、 努力付出的意义(演讲稿)No one’s born being good at all
things. You bee good at things through hard
work. You’re not a varsity athlete the first time you play a new sport. You don’t hit every note the first time you sing a song. You’
ve got to practice. The same principle applies to your schoolwork.You might have to do a math problem a few times before you get it right. You might have to read something a few times before you understand it. You definitely have to do a few drafts of a paper before it’s good enough to hand in.
2、如何看待大学自主招生 The independent eollment serves as
extra opportunities for high school students to enter prestigious universities.College entrance examination is no longer the only approach to the
university,especially for those with special talents. We have every reason to believe that all roads lead to Rome. However, those difficult exams organized by universities for their independent
eollment are bound to make students bear more burden. It may also bring out injustice if strict supervision is not in place.
3、中国人不该狂热学英语 Because of English, we can travel
abroad without tour guides, understand the instructions of imported goods and study abroad. It is too extreme to cancel English classes in schools. It is our education system instead of English learning that makes students as busy as bees.
4、碎片阅读的好处 Many people read on digital devices like cell phones and e-books. The fast pace of life leaves many people no time to sit and read a whole book, so making use of fragmented time to read is sure tobe a trend. Fragmented reading has its advantages. People can get hold of large amounts of information, knowledge, and entertainment in a short time. Digital reading is faster and more interactive than traditional deep reading.
5、应该根据个人兴趣填报大学志愿 When it es to choosing a
major, interest should e first. Only if we are interested can we put our heart into our work. Interest motivates study. Choose what interests you and you will not go wrong. The major you choose will probably bee your career your whole life.Therefore, we should think carefully about it. Don't you want to have fun inyour future work?
6、如何看待做整容手术 Plastic surgery makes people more
confident and gives them advantages. Not all people are born beautiful. Plastic surgerycan change an ugly duckling into a beautiful swan. Good-looking people often have more opportunities. Plastic surgery can not only make people more beautiful but can also give them a petitive advantage. But plastic surgerycannot guarantee success and involves high risks.
7、中国游客在国外的不文明行为 We need to behave politely
because we represent China in foreigners' eyes. In order to prove to foreigners that Chinais a great nation with a high civilization, we should make sure we are polite.We should avoid speaking loudly in public places and spitting and littering.
8、勇敢面对竞争的意义 It is a highly petitive world. One
can feel the existence of petition everywhere, from the classroom to thejob-hunting market. Looking for a fair opportunity to prove one's ability hasbee a matter of survival. If one wants to survive and to be successful insuch a challenging society, one must learn to face the petition bravely.
9、合作的重要性 Strong as a man may be, he can hardly achieve anything without others’ help. Human beings are to cooperation
what a fish is to water. Nobody can live without others. Now I have gotten tounderstand, to approve of, and finally to be fond of working in groups, and I do learn a lot from the other group
members. I strongly ask you to treasure people around you and learn to work with your group. It really matters.
10、如何面对失败 If you couldn’t learn how to face failure with
a peaceful mind, you would never achieve your ambition. Failure doesn’t mean you are a failure. It means you haven’t succeeded
yet. Failure doesn’t mean you have acplished nothing. It means you have learned something.Failure doesn’t mean you have been a
fool. It means you have had a lot of faith. Failure doesn’t mean you
have been disgraced. It means you were willing to try.
11、网上购物 With the rapid development of the information technology, shopping on the internet has been a
fashion especially among the youngsters. Online shopping has made our daily life more convenientand fortable. For example, shopping on the internet can save us a great dealof time on the way between home and store. The internet has shortened the distance between manufacturers and consumers and thus we can even buy goods in other countries.
12、挫折教育 A parent’s worst nightmare is that their child
might be hurt. However, being protective of one’s child might cause
himor her more harm than good. A "cotton wool cultureis protecting children from risk and failure, and preventing them from learning how to overe setbacks. Risk and failure are opposite
sides of the coin of success and achievement. If we want achievement then we might occasionally fall down.Children shouldn't believe life is always easy and that things don't go wrong.Those things do happen in real life. You fail, you strive, you try again. Young people need to take risks. If we avoid risk, if we wrap children in cotton wool, we will have a problem.
13、独立自主 Graduation is the time that you officially leave the home nest and start life on your own. Young people feel the need to work independently. In the professional world, independence means you're ready to be fully responsible for every assigned task at work. The boss counts on you. You can get help from colleagues, but it's down to you to ensure theassignment is pleted. Independence also means you make your own choice orform your own opinion without being dependent on others. It means making sense of the world based on your own observations and experiences.
14、熟能生巧(名人演讲) The main drawbacks to the Internet
are as follows: First, it has too much information that has not been evaluated for accuracy. The huge false information bees more of a problem every day.Second, the Internet is transforming the way people spend their time, which damages people’s ability to live
normal lives. Those who are addicted to the Internet tend to
withdraw from the people. I feel it is important for us to limit our use of the Internet, or to learn how to handle the problems it has caused.
15、是否应该根据个人兴趣填报大学志愿 When it es to
choosing a major, interestshould e first. Only if we are interested can we put our heart into our work.Interest motivates study. Choose what interests you and you will not go wrong.The major you choose will probably bee your career your whole life.Therefore, we should think carefully about it. Don't you want to have fun inyour future work?
16、如何追求真正的幸福感 Happiness isn’t just a gift, but a
skill that can be learned and cultivated. People always rely on shortcuts like watching television, eating, and shopping to feel happy. But external satisfaction may
lead to a sense of emptiness and even depression. Authentic happiness es from identifying and cultivating people’s
strengths like kindness, humor, and generosity.
17、如何从小事做起,培养责任感(名人演讲) Your goal can
be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending some time each day reading a book. Maybe you’ll decide to get involved in an extracurricular activity, or volunteer in your munity. Maybe you’ll decide to stand up
forkids who are being teased or bullied because of who they are or how they look,because you believe, like I do, that all young people deserve a safe environmentto study and learn. Maybe you’ll decide
to take better care of yourself so you can be more ready to learn.
18、如何给成功下一个定义 Success is to keep moving forward,
even if it’s just a little step. Keep doing this, and you will eventually taste the joy of success. The person without regrets is successful. There’s nothing that canbe done about the past. The most important thing is to try your best and not regret the results. A successful person is one who has his or her own goal. The person firmly and consistently tries to achieve and finally fulfills his or her ambition.
19、如何引导人们垃圾分类 Waste separation and recycling
should be a measure of urban civilization. Producers can be recyclers, but the government should have policies that encourage them to recycle the things they produce. People should be made aware of the benefits of waste separation. But public education alone is not enough, it needs to be backed by laws and regulations.
20、失败是成功之母(名人演讲) Being successful is hard. You
won’t necessarily succeed at everything the first time you try. That’
s okay. Some of the most successful people in the world are the ones who’ve had the
mostfailures. J.K. Rowling’s -- who wrote Harry Potter -- her first Harry Potterbook was rejected 12 times before it was finally published. Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team. He lost hundreds of games and missed thousands of shots during his career. But he once said, “I have failed over andover and
over again in my life. And that’s why I succeed.”
21、学生自由选择任课教师 Students can freely select lecturers
based on their interests and teachers’ capability. Students would
learn more efficiently with their chosen teachers. However, the most disturbing problemremains that some students can choose lazy lecturers so that they can pass the exams without much effort.
22、如何看待学生不喜欢阅读经典名著 Reading generally is in
crisis. Many different reasons are given: lack of encouragement from parents, petitionfrom TV and the Internet and puter games. But the government and schools should never give up on youngsters. Schemes can be started to encourage kids toread more and thereby get into the habit of an activity that will bring real fulfillment.
23、不懂就问的重要性(奥巴马演讲) Don’t be afraid to ask
questions. Don’t be afraid to ask for help when you need it. I do that every day. Asking for helpisn’t a sign of weakness. It’s a sign of
strength because it shows you have the courage to admit when you
don’t know something, and that then allows you to learn something new. So find an adult that you trust -- a parent, a grandparentor teacher, a coach or a counselor -- and ask them to help you stay on track tomeet your goals.
篇二:大学生热门演讲话题
大学生英语演讲话题
ladies and gentlemen , good afternoon! i’m very glad to stand
here and give you a short speech. today my topic is “youth”.
i hope you will like it , and found the importance in your youth so that more cherish
it.
first i want to ask you some questions:
1、 do you know what is youth?
2、 how do you master your youth? youth is not a time of life, it is a state of mind ; it is not rosy cheeks , red
lips and supple knees, it is a matter of theemotions : it is the freshne; it is the freshneof the deep springs of life .youth
means a temperamental predominance of courage overtimidity of the appetite , for adventure over the love of ease. this often existsin
a man of 60 more than a boy of 20 . nobody grows old merely by a number of years .
we grow old by deserting our ideals.years wrinkle the skin , but to
give up
enthusiasm wrinkles the soul .worry , fear , self –distrust bows
the heart and turns
the spirit back to dust .whether 60 of 16 , there is in every human being ‘s heart the lure of wonders,
the unfailing childlike appetite of what’s next and the joy of the
game of living .
in the center of your heart and my heart there’s a wirelestation :
so long as it
receives messages of beauty , hope ,cheer, courage and power from men and from the
infinite, so long as you are young . when the aerials are down , and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism
and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old ,even at 20 , but as long as your
aerials are up ,to catch waves of optimism , there is hope you may die young at 80.thank you!篇二:十佳大学生演讲稿 2009年10
月08日尊敬的各位领导、老师,亲爱的同学们: 你们好~ 我
是来自医学护理系08级高护4班的于利美,今天很高兴可以站在
这里与大家分享我的
点点滴滴。 记得入学第一天,同宿舍的姐妹就一致推举我担任
舍长一职。一年来,我带领全体舍员
在宿舍卫生检查中,多次获得优秀文明宿舍的荣誉称号,因为我们宿舍多次榜上有名,我被
公认为我们班的标兵舍长我们宿舍被评为我们班的标兵宿舍。从一入学,我就担任我们班的
组织委员,协助团支书负责组织各种文体活动,尤其在班团活动中作用突现,我们班的班团
活动独树一帜,标新立异,采用同学们最感兴趣的方式——上台演讲,作报告,真情告白,
这些形式达到了全员参与集体受益的效果。今年5月时,我们班同学积极参加学院原创大赛,
我组织大家选材、组队、排练,最后在正式演出时取得优异成绩。在这些工作中,我始终坚
信一个优秀的个人背后一定有一个强大的团队~我所在的班级就是一个这样的集体,我们班
多次被评与先进班集体和优秀团支部。我坚信在我们老师的带领下,班委和同学们的共同努
力下,我们集体的明天一定会更好~在做好班级工作的同时我积极投身到学院的学生会工作中,现担任院广播站记者团采访
部部长一职,曾经多次带领我们全团队员参加院里的大型采访活动。现在我还担任医疗系志
愿者推拿按摩队副队长一职,多次率领我们全体队员协同队长参加学院内的推拿服务活动,
并且多次参加社会公益推拿按摩活动与鲁中晨报合作搞活动,取得很好的社会影响,从而让
外面的人从一个侧面认识滨州职业学院认识医疗(护理)系。此外我喜欢全方位挑战自己,
经常参加各种演讲比赛并且连续两次获得英语口语演讲比赛二等奖,在这个过程中,潜移默
化地,我的个人领导能力、社交能力和语言表达能力得到很大提高。 做了这么多工作,我的确很充实,但我仍然很清醒地认识到我的主要任务是学习,为此
我抓紧时间学习,并且连续两学期获得班级第一名的成绩,获得院一等奖学金,除此之外,
我利用业余时间进行成人自学考试,顺利通过五门,并且拿破仑说过成功属于最有毅力的人,
我会坚持,直至拿到本科的学位证,
并且我会参加研究生的学习和考试,我始终相信天道酬
勤,一份耕耘一份收获,正因为这些我被授予优秀共青团员,获得“十佳大学生”的评选资
格,直至成长为今天真正的“十佳大学生”。 同学们,你们要有目标和进取的意识,你们知道吗,当我第一次听十佳大学生作报告的时候,就有一个愿望在我的心理萌动,没错,当时我暗暗就告诉自己我一定要当来年的
十佳大学生,我的愿望实现了,那感觉比孩童时代第一次你到
雪糕还兴奋,比学生时代大一
次拿到三好学生还激动,敢想更要敢做,凭心而论,我之所以可以获此殊荣,主要有三方面
的原因,首先,我的辅导员毕智丽老师给了我站在这舞台上的机会,因为她一直教导我们大
学阶段应该全方位提高自己,但最重要的始终是学到真本领;其次是我的哥哥,他是咱们07
级的学生,他一直引导着我该怎么做,是他给我指明了奋斗的目标;再次是我对父母的感恩,
我来自农村,父母都年近60,每当我扪心自问我为何而生时首先浮现我眼前的是父母因我而
日益变白的头发,因我而日益多出的皱纹,因我而日益无奈的双眼,因我而日益蹒跚的身躯,
多少次它们在炎炎烈日下挥汗如雨多少次它们在阴雨天痛苦呻吟,“树欲静而风不止,子欲养
而亲不待”的前人遗憾让我不敢怠慢,我必须努力;最后是我亲爱的同学们,整个过程她们
都给了我最无私的帮助与支持。 同学们不要以为十佳大学生是多么的高不可攀遥不可及,其实我就是最好的例子,我是
你们当中再平凡不过的一员,而且我十分了解你们现在的心态,懂得你们现的迷茫彷徨,因
为从你们的身上我看到了昨天的自己,但是我坚信你们肯定比
我强~说来不怕你们见笑,当
时的我出了教学楼就分不清东西南北,掉向了,吃饭不懂到底怎么刷卡,刷了一遍又一遍,
上网不知怎么下载,自己的电话号码从来记不住,当时我是多么的无助,欲哭无泪??但是
我坚信社会不会同情眼泪,必须学会坚强,学会向别人学习,取人长补己之短,要给房子安
装灯泡,我们不必自己从学习制造开始,可以直接拿一个现成的来安装,所以我希望所有同
学学会借鉴,**不也曾经倡导拿来主义吗,现场的所有十佳大学生都是你们借鉴的真实
材料。 墙头草随风倒,让人嗤之以鼻,在我看来,他们是没有可以坳动风的砝码,所以我把学
习定义为人生砝码,我的方法就是:
1、“抽屉式”方法,就是构建自己的知识框架,每一章的标题,每一节的标题,节节相
扣,把书读薄;
2、经历高中时的忙碌和压抑之后,很多人认为大学可以好好放纵自己,但是,我想提醒
咱们同学们千万不要掉以轻心,强中自有强中手,机会对每个人都是平等的,不要与绝好的
机会擦肩而过;
3、考前突击,前提是你必须明白的弄清楚原理性问题,突击时就如同在幽曲的山洞找寻
散落的珠宝,而指引你找到珠宝的是用来把珠宝穿成串的绳索;4注重理论联系实际,我第一次学会解剖和静脉注射就是在实验室学会的,实验室就是
我们从书本走向实际的中介站点; 5学会调节自我,我最喜欢的是打羽毛球,每当累了烦了,当球随拍飞起的那一刻我的
烦恼也一并消失。
大学就应该是充实和丰富多彩的,不要惧怕与人交流,多参加社团活动,展现自己,认
同自己,相信自己,就像前几天我们记者团和推拿队纳新时,很多人问我纳新的条件是什么,
我的回答很简单,就是你够自信,够坦然,能够展现当代大学生蓬勃向上的精神面貌就可以。给自己一个机会。但是一定注意合理分配自己的时间,用80%的时间和精力去完成你最
重要的20%的工作,用20%的时间去干做其他事情。 有人说年轻的我们除了充沛的精力外一无所有,而我最喜欢的一句话是年轻没有什么不
可以,不论你是怀着兴奋激动的心情来到滨州职业学院还是你觉得你是名落孙山被逼无奈的
情形下选择了滨州职业学院,不要骄傲更不要气馁,怀有一颗平常心,你要坚信成才与否个
人因素很重要,你可以选择做一只雄鹰,只要你实力够雄厚你可以一展翅就飞到成功的金字
塔,你也可以选择做一只蜗牛,脚踏实地,虽然慢,但很稳,最后你一样可以到达成功的金
字塔,年轻无极限,同学们,努力吧,我相信你们一定是最棒的,只要你坚信你可以,那么
来年站在这里的一定就是你。篇三:关于大学生心理健康演讲稿让花开的更灿烂
——关于大学生心理健康演讲稿各位评委:
大家好~我是。。。。今天我要演讲的题目是让花开的更灿烂——关于大学生心理健康演讲
稿
。
告别了中学时代,迈进大学校门,人生的历程翻开了新的一页,人生的道路跨入了新的
阶段。面对崭新的学习环境,同学们既会充满好奇和兴奋,也容易遇到不适和困难. 作为一
名大学生应该有积极健康向上的心理,但是我们在现实中却存在着许多的问题。以下是我所
总结的几个方面:
一、是生活适应问题
这一问题在大一新生中表现最为突出。新生来自全国各地,以
往的家庭环境、受教育环
境、成长经历、学习基础等相差很大。来到大学后,在自我认知、同学交往、自然环境等各
方面都面临着全面的调整和适应。由于目前大学生的自理能力、适应能力和调整能力普遍较
弱,所以,在大学中,生活适应问题广泛存在,有的思家、恋旧,常常偷偷以泪洗面;有的厌
学、仿徨、沉溺于无所事事;有的失眠、抑郁、在焦灼中挨度日子;更有的则想休学、退学,。
二、是学习问题。
大学生的主要任务是学习,学习上的困难与挫折对大学生的影响是最为显著的。大量的
事实表明,学习成绩差是引起大学生焦虑的主要原因之一。虽然大学生在学业方面是同龄人
中的优秀者,但由于大学学习与中学存在很大的不同,所以很多学生存在学习问题,包括学
习方法、学习态度、学习兴趣、考试焦虑等。
三、是人际关系问题。受应试教育的影响,多数学生较为封闭,人际交往能力普遍较弱。进入大学后,如何与
周围的同学友好相处,建立和谐的人际关系,是大学生面临的一个重要课题。由于每个人待
人接物的态度不同、个性特征不同,再加上青春期心理固有的
闭锁、羞怯、敏感和冲动,都
使大学生在人际交往过程中不可避免地遇到各种困难,从而产生困惑、焦虑等心理问题,这
些问题甚至会严重影响他们的健康成长。
四、是恋爱问题。
恋爱问题一直是大学校门的热门话题,也是大学生们倍加关注的自身问题之一。大学生
处于青年中后期,性发育成熟是重要特征,恋爱问题是不可避免的。由于大学生接受青春期
教育不够,很多学生根本未弄懂什么是真正的爱情,对异性的神秘感和渴望交织在一起,由
此产生了各种心理问题,严重的还导致心理障碍。他们有的求爱遭到拒绝后陷入深深的自责
与自卑中,有的面对“第三者”而焦虑、抑郁,有的为单相思或暗恋某人而茶饭不香;有的为
失恋而萌发报复或自杀念头,?
五、是择业问题。
职业选择方面的心理冲突往往出现在高年级学生中,经过三年或者四年的苦休苦练,总
希望让自己找到一份满意的工作,他们会考虑个人理想、收入多少、社会声望、工作条件、
发展前途等因素,而如今社会竞争激烈,用人单位的要求也越
来越高,加之很多大学生在校
时一心只读圣贤书,与社会接触少,对社会缺乏真正的了解,这些情况导致大学生在找工作
时觉得不随人愿,与自己想象中的差距太大,从而失落、不安、仿徨和焦虑。而对于这些问题如果没有及时加以调整将会带来很严重的后果:前段时间报道的日本留
学生因生活费的事起了一点小争执,该生在候机厅对其母亲连捅8刀~~~对此我们真的很震
惊,我们能说他的心理是健康的吗,前不久,北大一名学生涉嫌砍死同班同学的消息,令公
众为之震惊。平息很长时间了的“马加爵事件”仍令我们记忆犹新,加上屡屡发生的大学生自杀事件,不由得让人不断追问:大学生,你为何如此脆弱, “远亲不如近邻。”但对当代大学生来说,“近邻”往往不一定能“先得和睦”,反而因为
交往的频繁,同学个性和阅历的差异,造成各种摩擦和冲突。例如,某学院机械专业本科二
年级学生林某,上了大学后不知道如何与人交往,怎样处理人际关系问题使他伤透了脑筋,
吃尽了苦头。上学一年多,和班上同学很不融洽,跟同寝室人发生过几次不小的冲突,后来
搬出宿舍,几乎不与同班同学来往,集体活动也很少参加,与同学感情淡漠,隔阂加深,常
常感到特别的孤独和自卑,情绪烦躁,长期的苦恼和焦虑使他患上了神经衰弱症,于是失去
了学习信心,厌倦学习,厌恶同学,坚持要休学. 要举的例子真的很多很多,我们不禁要问:我们大学生的心理究竟怎么了, 大学生现在面临的压力过大,造成心理的落差比较大,与整个社会发展的形势和家庭的
影响是分不开的。而我们大学生是国家宝贵的人才资源,是民族的希望,祖国的未来,肩负
着人民的重托,历史的责任~作为新世纪的大学生,学会更好地认识自己、了解他人,开发
自身的潜能,提高心理健康水平,掌握心理调适方法,优化心理健康途径,预防心理疾病,
纠正不良心理,促进身心健康与人格完善,都是大学生自我修养的重要内容,也是大学生心
理健康教育的重要课题。
所以我们要振作起来,调整自己。第一:完善人格。良好的人格品质首先应该正确认识
自我,培养悦纳自我的态度,扬长避短,不断完善自己。其次应该提高对挫折的承受能力,
对挫折有正确的认识,在挫折面前不惊慌失措,采取理智的应付方法,化消极因素为积极因
素。挫折承受能力的高低与个人的思想境界、对挫折的主观判
断、挫折体验等有关。提高挫
折承受能力应努力提高自身的思想境界,树立科学的人生观,积极参加各类实践活动,丰富
人生经验。
第二:情绪调节。大学生处于青年期阶段,青年期的突出特点是人的性生理在经历了从
萌发到成熟的过渡之后,逐渐进入活跃状态。从心理发展的意义上说,这个阶段是人生的多
事之秋。进行自我调节,合理疏导不良情绪极其重要。 第三:确立目标,规划未来。人生,需要启明灯,没有目标,没有规划,极易走弯路,
造成不必要的损失。树立目标,做好职业规划是一条避免迷茫颓废的良策,人无志不立~ 第
四:加强交流。交流,是双方的。交流时,不仅可以把自己想倾诉的诉诸于人,同时还能从
他人那里吸取经验和教训,或者消除彼此间的误会矛盾等不安定因素。总之,欲成才,先成人。只有时刻保持健康的心理状态,全身心的投入到学习工作中,
才能无愧于心,无愧于父母,无愧于天地。“少年强,则国强;少年弱,则国弱,少年胜于欧洲,则国胜于欧洲;少年雄与地球,
则国雄于地球。”梁启超先生这一名言震荡着一代代年轻大学生的心灵,我们大学生要以良好
的心理素质迎接未来的挑战,为国家的富强奉献自己的青春~ 当茫然的时候,想想自己的梦想,给自己一个明确的目标,用激情去做自己认为应该做
的事,当自己累了的时候,多一些平静的心态放松自己,因为我们不是圣人,我们也有累了
的时候,所以我们便要学会健康快乐的成长。 我们大学生还存在着对生活不够自信,我们往往缺少面对困难的勇气,遇到困难我们总
是焦头烂额,束手无措,甚至还会选择逃避,要知道人的潜能是无限大的,不要低估了自己
的能力,在生活中我们应该自信的面对困难,给自己一个微笑,你会一下子豁然开朗。心态
决定命运,即使你失败了一千次,你也要想总会成功的一天,再困难只要保持乐观,自信的
心态,成功就是你财富,做命运的主人,做生活的强者,健康、快乐的成长,我们要把自信
和快乐带给别人,让大家更爱自己,更爱生命,做最好的自己。勇往直前,快乐成长,让花开
的更灿烂~
我的讲话到此结束,谢谢大家~篇四:2015大学生感恩演讲稿 2015大学生感恩演讲稿
演讲稿一:大学生感恩演讲稿亲爱的同学们:
大家好~今天我演讲的题目是在幸福中感恩。树木感恩于大地,用落叶来肥沃土壤;禾苗感恩于农人,将成熟的籽粒呈上;乌鸦感恩
于母爱,以反哺来回报亲情;羊儿感恩于母乳,以跪乳来表达敬意......而我们呢,作为人
的我们呢,我们应该感恩什么呢,快乐地长成潇洒青少年,我们是否该感恩于父母师长,父母每天工作朝出晚归,还要为
服侍我们上学起早贪黑,吃饭时,好吃的菜总在我们眼前,穿衣方面,一定要把我们打扮的
漂漂亮亮。
老师们,课堂上耐心细致、循循善诱,课堂下认真备课、批改作业,假期中自修自学,
丝毫不放......无论他们有多累,都听不见一声抱怨;无论我们有多淘气,都看不到他们的
爱有一丝褪色。这一切不都是为了培养我们成才吗, 走在车水马龙、宽敞洁净的公路上,我们是否该感恩于哪些忠于职守的交警,使他们顶
着烈日,冒着霜寒,为我们提供了安全保障;我们是否该感恩于那些一丝不苟的清洁工,是
他们叩破黎明,扫净尘土,为我们奉献出一路的清清爽爽。 一场病后痊愈的你,是否该感恩于那些耐心细致的医生护士,检查、诊断、配药、输液,
里外忙碌的脚步是那天使弹奏的音符,如天籁般驱跑了病魔的侵袭。而背后默默奉献的医药
学家们,也应该是你要感恩的啊,如果没有他们的精心研究与配制,哪里会有那些灵丹妙药,
使你早日摆脱病魔的纠缠,使用了现代化的高科技产品,我们是否该感恩于那些聪慧无比的科学家,如果没有他们,
我们的世界哪会如此精彩,我们的生活怎能如此方便快捷,你看那影像清晰、节目缤纷的彩
电背投,那里有好戏连台,那里有精彩无限;你再看那一点便知天下事,再点可览古今中外
文章的小小电脑,竟装进了整个世界,甚至是整个宇宙...... 生活如此幸福快乐,我们需要感恩的人太多,但稚嫩的双肩现在还不能为社会做太多贡
献,就将感恩的心化为学习的动力吧,用知识来充实自己,将来用智慧去回报生命,回报社
会~
我的演讲完毕,谢谢大家。演讲稿二:大学生感恩演讲稿尊敬的老师,亲爱的同学们:大家好!我是来自多媒体应用班的谢嘉彬,今天,非常荣幸与大家共同探讨感恩的话题,
我要演讲的题目是:感恩社会,感恩每一件小事。
篇三:社会热点发言稿
尊敬的老师,亲爱的同学们你们好:
我是公事131的张婧怡,我想就“养老改革保险制度改革”这一社会热点发表我的看法。
近日,国务院印发《关于机关事业单位工作人员养老保险制度改革的决定》,决定从2014年10月1日起对机关事业单位工作人员养老保险制度进行改革;同时决定,统一提高全国城乡居民基本养老保险基础养老金最低标准,再次提高全国企业退休人员基本养老金标准。
会议决定,在已基本实现新型农村社会养老保险、城镇居民社会养老保险全覆盖的基础上,依法将这两项制度合并实施,在全国范围内建立统一的城乡居民基本养老保险制度,并在制度模式、筹资方式、待遇支付等方面与合并前的新型农村社会养老保险和城镇居民社会养老保险保持基本一致。基金筹集采取个人缴、集体助、政府补的方式,中央财政按基础养老金标准,对中西部地区给予全额补助,对东部地区给予50%的补助。 我国在较短时期内完成了人口再生产模式的转变,即实现了低出生率、低死亡率和低自然增长率的人口再生产模式。与这种变化相伴随的则是老年人口比例迅速提高,我国已经进入人口老龄化社会。在我国经济发展水平不高以及养老保险制度尚处在转型期的情况下,人口结构的急剧变化给养老保险事业带来许多新的难题,同时养老基金的资金来源问题也出现缺口,空账户的形成也使职工的养老金问题得不到保障,因此,深化养老保险制度改革,对我国经济和社会的可持续发展都有着重要的理论意义和现实意义。
一、老龄化社会导致养老保险制度改革迫在眉睫
当长者们的银发越来越频繁的流淌过我们的视野时,或许我们还没有意识到,老龄化社会已经悄然来到我们的身边。老龄化社会的到来给我们的生活带来诸多挑战,比如:构建无障碍环境、强化社区服务、迎合老年服务需求等等。但这些都是应对人口老龄化挑战的物质环境,也可以说是老龄化社会矛盾的外延,其最重要或者说是核心部分即能拉动这些需求的基础,则是政府的养老保险制度。
我国的养老保险制度是从国家——单位养老制逐渐向国家——社会养老制。在这个过程中,保障责任由单位(国家)养老逐渐转向社会养老,家庭养老的功能逐渐削弱。养老保险强调的是权利与义务的对等,也就是说,要想享受权利必须履行缴纳养老保险费的义务。同时,我国的养老保险实行的是统账结合的模式,下一
代人不但担负了为自己建立账户的责任,而且还担负着赡养上一代人的义务。养老保险近几年来,每年跨入退休年龄,领取养老金的人在增加,为此我国每年的养老金支出也日益庞大,同时,养老保险转制中的中人也陆续正式退休。在现行的养老保险制度框架下,在强力保障两个确保的政策下,这些离退休人员的基本生活得到了保障。
在这种制度下,一些地方一方面由于经济不景气的缘故,另一方面由于人口老龄化的缘故,在现行的统筹层次下,一些地区养老保险费征缴率不断上升。据河南省许昌市魏都区劳动保障局的负责
人介绍,当地的养老保险费征缴率已经高出了30%。 在这种状况下,养老保险统筹层次需要提高,以缓解局部地区人口老化和经济不景气造成的养老保险基金缺口。但是,在统筹层次方面,由于我国的养老保险制度改革是自下而上推进的,加之由于历史负担的轻重不一,从而造成了各地养老保险压力大小不等,全国的养老保险一直停留在地市乃至县级统筹层次上,这种状况显然不符合养老保险制度的内在需求和基本原则。所以养老保障制度改革的进程也就日趋紧迫。
二、养老保障制度转轨的关键是老职工的养老金来源问题
根据我国的基本国情以及建立社会主义市场经济体制的总体要求,我国职工养老保障制度应当从传统的以受益为基准、养老金现收现付体制改革为基金预筹积累的个人账户制度,这已经成为社会各界的普遍共识,并且在党的十四届三中全会《关于建立社会主义市场经济体制若干问题的决定》中也得到了比较明确的体现。《决定》明确指出,在职工养老保障问题上,要“实行社会统筹和个人账户相结合”。
对新参加工作的职工来讲,通过个人账户进行养老金预筹积累是没有问题的。但无法回避的问题是,目前已经离退休的职工没有养老金积累,目前在职在实施个人账户制度以前参加工作的老职工在过去的工作年限里也没有养老金积累,而他们的养老问题又是必须予以保证的,因为按照旧体制下的低工资、高福利政策,他们的养老金已通过“预先扣除”转化为过去的政府收入并凝固
在国有资产当中,政府则承担对他们的养老保障义务。更进一步讲,旧体制形成了政府对老职工隐性养老金负债,这是必须偿还的。
老职工养老金来源理论上可能的解决方式有二,一是实行“新人新办法、老人老办法”,即对新职工实施基金积累的个人账户制度,对老职工则继续通过
现收现付的办法,使目前企业和年轻职工缴费得到解决;二是由政府统一对老职工的养老金来源作出专门处理。
因此,要想真正实现养老保障体制转轨,必须对老职工的养老金来源做出专门处理,即由政府统一偿还旧体制形成的对中老年职工的养老金负债。根据智利等国家的实践经验,顺利实现社会保障体制转轨的关键就在于由政府妥善解决了旧体制遗留的中老年职工的养老金权益问题,否则转轨无法进行。
我的结论是:人口老龄化意味着老年人越来越多,它一方面反映了社会生活水平的提高和生活质量的改善,另一方面也要求尽快建立综合的养老保险制度。人口老龄化给国际供养带来了财政上的困难。因此,社会保障体系中社会和国家只能承担基础性的保障,一方面使劳动者一旦因风险失去收入来源后能享有基本生活条件,另一方面使国家和社会能够长期地提供保障。中国虽然是一个发展中国家,同时是具有优越政治制度的社会主义国家,在发展老年保障事业方面也应该把握和运用这种优势,统筹全局,缜密考虑,真正成为全世界解决老年人口问题的榜样。
作文二:《社会热点话题》87700字
目 录
◆ 社会热点话题
1.忘掉烦忧,开心生活!??????????????????????????? 1
2.爱是什么? ?????????????????????????????? 1
3.住城里好还是住乡下好??????????????????????????? 1
4.休闲与生活质量. ?????????????????????????????2
5.7天长假的利与弊. ????????????????????????????2
6.工作,劳作与娱乐. ????????????????????????????2
7.入世后我们该做些什么???????????????????????????3
8.加油!加油!中国足球!???????????????????????????3
9.我们为什么要工作????????????????????????????? 4
10.明智的抉择—北京2008奥运会???????????????????????4
11.WTO将改变我们的生活. ????????????????????????? 4
12.举办最好的奥运会. ????????????????????????????5
13.如何变成阔佬?????????????????????????????? 5
14.为中国干杯!??????????????????????????????5
15.了解自然,保护生态. ???????????????????????????6
16.媒体与名流. ?????????????????????????????? 6
17.保护大自然. ???????????????????????????????7
18.我们就要断水了! ????????????????????????????7
19.汽车与空气污染. ?????????????????????????????7
20.你们把孩子惯坏了! ???????????????????????????8
21.交通法规——安全的保障. ?????????????????????????8
22.五天工作日好! ?????????????????????????????8
23.污染——全人类的公害. ?????????????????????????9
24. 为什么大学生找工作难?????????????????????????? 9
25. 地球人口太多了!???????????????????????????? 10
26. 人人起来反污染. ????????????????????????????10
◆现代文化生活话题
1. 怎样考试才合理?????????????????????????????10
2. 教育需要变革. ?????????????????????????????11
3. 网络教育的特点. ???????????????????????????? 11
4. 知识经济的人文特征. ??????????????????????????12
5. 英文写作的重要性. ???????????????????????????12
6. 阅读——必需的生存技能. ????????????????????????12
7. 为什么母语学得那么好??????????????????????????13
8. 我如何克服英语学习中的困难? ??????????????????????13
9. 如何扩大英语词汇量? ??????????????????????????14
10. 如何应对面试(一)???????????????????????????14
11. 请爱护关心老人(一)??????????????????????????14
12. 去海外读书好. ?????????????????????????????15
13. 我们生活中的电视. ???????????????????????????15
14. 如何学好英语??????????????????????? ??????15
15. 请关爱老人(二)????????????????????????????16
16. 如何写好短文? ????????????????????????????16
17. 开卷有益。???????????????????????????????17
18. WTO与教育无关吗??????????????????????????17
19. 去快餐店就餐。?????????????????????????????17
20. 教育有什么用????????????????????????????? 18
21. 中国的成人教育。????????????????????????????18
22. 现代家庭的变化。????????????????????????????18
23. 我们为什么要礼貌文明??????????????????????????19
24. 快餐好不好???????????????????????????????19
25. 为什么要学英语? ??????????????????????????20
26. 广告好不好? ?????????????????????????20
27. 知识就是力量? ?????????????????????????20
28. 我的爱好。?????????????????????????21
29. 我爱读书。?????????????????????????21
30. 电视广告——真烦人!?????????????????????????21
31. 如何对待失败?????????????????????????? 22
32. 考,考,考——教师的宝。???????????????????????22
33. 我最喜欢的课程。?????????????????????????22
34. 我最理想的工作。?????????????????????????23
◆ 经济与科技
1.从APEC到WTO ?????????????????????????23
2.我们生活中的IT?????????????????????????24
3.钱是什么??????????????????????????24
4.网上购物. ?????????????????????????24
5.如果没有电?? ?????????????????????????25
6.全球化教会我们什么??????????????????????????25
7.钱能干什么??????????????????????????26
8.对国内外企的期望. ?????????????????????????26
9.科技对我们生活的影响. ?????????????????????????27
10.做科学的消费者. ?????????????????????????27
11.我们为什么要买保险??????????????????????????27
12.中国企业的出路. ?????????????????????????28
13.全球经济一体化. ?????????????????????????28
14.电脑和我们的生活. ????????????????????????? 28
15. WTO与中国. ?????????????????????????29
16.入世后的中国. ?????????????????????????29
17.失业了怎么办??????????????????????????30
18.市场经济的特点. ?????????????????????????30
19.教育与现代化. ?????????????????????????30
20.汽车——让我欢喜让我忧. ?????????????????????????31
21.交通堵塞几时休??????????????????????????31
◆ 管理与决策
1. 做通才还是专才(一). ?????????????????????????31
2.市场呼唤 “国际型” 人才. ????????????????????????32
3.一封求职信. ?????????????????????????32
4.如何应对面试(二). ?????????????????????????33
5.什么是MBA??????????????????????????33
6.这样公平吗??????????????????????????34
7.做通才还是专才?(二). ????????????????????????34
8.什么是CEO??????????????????????????34
9.我为什么要进私企??????????????????????????35
10. 合作与竞争——应对未来的最佳准备. ???????????????35
11.我要求加薪. ?????????????????????????36
12.什么是TOC??????????????????????????36
13.我们要有科学的态度. ?????????????????????????37
14.兼并——高校发展的必然结果. ???????????????????????37
15.任人唯贤还是资历年龄重要????????????????????????37
16.我为什么要读MBA??????????????????????????38
17.管理者与决策制定. ?????????????????????????38
18.生产经理的职责. ?????????????????????????38
19.如何做个成功的创业者??????????????????????????39
社会热点话题(1)
STOP WORRYING NOW!
Worry is one of the most mon forms of emotional distress in our culture. Almost everyone spends a considerable amount of present moments worrying about the future. And virtually all of it is for nothing. Obsessive worry will never make things any better. In fact, such worry will very likely help you to be less effective in dealing with the present.
Begin to view your present moments as time to live, rather than time to worry about the future. Act in direct conflict with your usual areas of worry. Enjoy life and don‘t waste the present with immobilizing thoughts about the future.
This is the way to minimize your worry in life. But the most effective weapon you have is your own determination to drive this neurotic behavior away from your life.
社会热点话题(2)
WHAT IS LOVE?
Love means that I care about the welfare of the person I love to the extent that it is genuine, my caring is not a smothering of the person or a possessive clinging. I‘m concerned about his growth and I hope he will bee all that he can bee, and never put up roadblocks to what he does that enhances him as a person.
Love means having respect for the dignity of the person I love. See him as a separate person, with his own values and thoughts and feelings, and I don‘t insist that he surrender his identity and conform to an image of what I expect him to be for me .I can allow and encourage him to stand alone and to be who he is, and I avoid treating him as an object or using him primarily to gratify my own needs.
In short, in love two beings bee one and yet remain two
社会热点话题(3)
WHERE TO LIVE- IN THE CITY OR THE COUNTRY?
A modern city has many conveniences such as electricity, gas, schools, hospitals, cinemas, etc. These conveniences make the city people‘s life fortable and easy. But in big cities, there are crimes, air pollution, and crowdedness, which often bother residents.
The countryside has its own attractions, such as clean air, water, and quiet environment. In addition to these,
社会热点话题(1)
STOP WORRYING NOW!
Worry is one of the most mon forms of emotional distress in our culture. Almost everyone spends a considerable amount of present moments worrying about the future. And virtually all of it is for nothing. Obsessive worry will never make things any better. In fact, such worry will very likely help you to be less effective in dealing with the present.
Begin to view your present moments as time to live, rather than time to worry about the future. Act in direct conflict with your usual areas of worry. Enjoy life and don‘t waste the present with immobilizing thoughts about the future.
This is the way to minimize your worry in life. But the most effective weapon you have is your own determination to drive this neurotic behavior away from your life.
社会热点话题(2)
WHAT IS LOVE?
Love means that I care about the welfare of the person I love to the extent that it is genuine, my caring is not a smothering of the person or a possessive clinging. I‘m concerned about his growth and I hope he will bee all that he can bee, and never put up roadblocks to what he does that enhances him as a person.
Love means having respect for the dignity of the person I love. See him as a separate person, with his own values and thoughts and feelings, and I don‘t insist that he surrender his identity and conform to an image of what I expect him to be for me .I can allow and encourage him to stand alone and to be who he is, and I avoid treating him as an object or using him primarily to gratify my own needs.
In short, in love two beings bee one and yet remain two
社会热点话题(3)
WHERE TO LIVE- IN THE CITY OR THE COUNTRY?
A modern city has many conveniences such as electricity, gas, schools, hospitals, cinemas, etc. These conveniences make the city people‘s life fortable and easy. But in big cities, there are crimes, air pollution, and crowdedness, which often bother residents.
The countryside has its own attractions, such as clean air, water, and quiet environment. In addition to these,
one can enjoy a peaceful life and beautiful natural scenery. There is no noise, no crowdedness and no crime. But some modern facilities are not available. For example, it may not be very convenient for a person to go to a middle school.
I prefer to live in a city because I was born and grew up there. The problems a city has can be solved by modern science and technology.
社会热点话题(4)
LEISURE AND QUALITY OF LIFE
It is true that people in advanced industrial societies are increasingly concerned with opportunities for leisure and what they can do in their leisure time. That is to say, we are attaching more importance to our ―quality of life‖. Generally speaking, the term‖ quality of life‖ covers a very wide scope such as living environment, health, employment, food, family life, friends, education, material possessions, leisure and recreation, and so on.
Since Leisure is so essential in our quality of life, we can speak highly of its functions as following: relaxation, recreation and entertainment, and personal development. But leisure is basically self-determined, so everyone is able to take to his own interests and preferences and get involved in an activity in ways that will bring enjoyment and satisfaction.
社会热点话题(5)
7-DAY HOLIDAY
A 7-day holiday came into effect on May Day last year, and it also t for National Day & Spring Festival, which seems to be good news to everyone.
However, this piece of good news also has a dark side. Owing to the large population, most people‘s travel experiences during the first 7-day holiday, though well planned in advance, turned sour; they couldn‘t book railway tickets; hotels were packed; tourist attractions were all full of people. No wonder that a flood of plaints followed the week – long holiday.
As the saying goes, ―All work and no play make Jack a dull boy.‖ Longer holidays are certainly desirable, but the government should see that related facilities of holiday activities are promptly adapted to the need.
社会热点话题(6)
WORK, LABOR & PLAY
A man is a worker if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do, or he is a laborer if what the job society offers him is of no interest to himself; The antithesis to labor is play. When we play something, we enjoy what we are doing, & work stands between labor &play.
To a worker, play means the time he needs to relax to work more efficiently, therefore he is more likely to have little play time than too much; To the laborer, on the other hand, play means freedom from boring task, so that he thinks that the fewer hours he has to labor, & the more time he is free to play, the better.
Both workers & laborers need play, It‘s an essential element for our health & life, so let‘s enjoy play &be sound to make a successful living.
社会热点话题(7)
CHINA’S ENTRY INTO THE WTO
After 15 years of tedious negotiation, China finally accessed to the WTO in 2001.And will the accession affect our lives? Or what actions should we take to survive the challenges?
As is generally believed, China‘s entry into the WTO means that China now is one of the key players of the Game in the ―Earth Village‖
Many things remain to be done after the accession. First, we should study the ―game‖ rules seriously to avoid pitfalls; next, our efforts should be redoubled in developing our strengths and overing our weaknesses; Finally, everyone is supposed to make the best of his potential & take actions to cope with the challenges.
In short, China‘s entry into the WTO will certainly revitalize China‘s economy & benefit everyone who is well prepared.
社会热点话题(8)
GO! GO! GO! CHINA’S FOOTBALL!
Football is currently the No. 1 sport in the world. However, our Chinese team has experienced nothing from it but one failure after another for many years.
There are many reasons for our poor team First, football has never been popular in China; second, China is a developing country, & there are lots of things more important to do than play football; Third, football is the most popular game in Europe & South America & it has bee a science, whereas our team is still groping in the dark. However, our football team has a bright future, & Chinese are getting more interested in football. Our women‘s team has set a good example for us. And china will be a football superpower sooner or later.
社会热点话题(9) why we work?
People work for a great many reasons. Self-interest in its broadest sense, including the interest of one‘s family & friends, is an underlying motivation of work in all societies. However, self-interest is not simply the accumulation of wealth. For instance, even in some primitive tribes, a desire for approval, a sense of duty, a wish to conform to custom also contributes to economic activity.
In other words, few activities seriously pete with work in providing basic life satisfaction. Work, in addition to its economic functions, structures time, provides a context in which to relate to other people, offers an escape from boredom, and sustains a sense of worth.
In conclusion, a man‘s work is a major social device for his identification as an adult.
社会热点话题(10)
WISE CHOICE—OLYMPOC 2008 BEIJING
July 13,2001 might not be a lucky day for the westerners. However, it was really favorable to all the Chinese since we were finally successful in hosting for Olympic 2008! And it was a wise choice from all the points of view. Since China is a big country, Olympic Beijing can surely spread Olympic Games to a much wider range and promote its spirit to a greater degree; And as an ancient nation with more than 5000 years‘ glorious history, China will enlarge the exchange of Eastern and Western cultures and promote the better understandings between. Chinese and other peoples; Last but not the least important, China, the only indisputably rapid developing nation, will no doubt offer the business establishments worldwide more chances to make beneficial investment.
社会热点话题(11)
WTO WILL CHANGE OUR LIFE
It is no doubt that the most heated argument for Chinese nowadays is WTO, and we are also quite sure that WTO will change our life in many aspects.
Firstly, New goods, new service and new consuming means will approach into China more quickly with the market opening— the direct benefit consumers‘ gain from WTO. Secondly, the ing of international panies will give a big push to China‘s human resources market, and a great many new occupations and new opportunities will be born.
Thirdly, WTO will not only benefit us but also give us a firm confinement, (在带给你实惠的同时,也成为一种刚性约束) So all our working, living and thinking styles should be changed accordingly .
However, all changes will not take place overnight, and we are ready for it.
社会热点话题(12)
HOST THE BEST OLYMPIC IN BEIJING
Hosting Beijing 2008 Olympics greatly boosts the national morale. Now, widespread concern has focused on how to make a green, high-tech & clean Olympiad.
First, Beijing Olympiad should be green. Since environmental pollution & desertification are notorious in China, much work remains to be done to drastically correct the situation; Next, we should modernize the infrastructure of Beijing, such as its traffic network, telemunication system, sports facilities & service centers to provide the best service to all participants of the Games. Finally, efforts should be made to ban scandals & racial discrimination, which is invading every pore of our society.
In short, we are confident that Beijing 2008 Olympics will be a nice showcase of our environmental consciousness, rapid economic growth & clean morality.
社会热点话题(13)
HOW THE RICH GOT RICH---& YOU COULD TOO
There‘s a famous line about the very rich: they are different from you & me. And it turns out there are all kinds of rich people: short, tall, fat, skinny, good-looking, high IQ, not-so-high IQ, generous & tightfisted.
They often e from a modest background & rise to the top on pluck, luck & a clear idea of what they want, with every one of them having mastered the basic skills they needed to succeed in business. They live modestly, avoid publicity & work long hours even though they can pay the bills without lifting a finger. And these people are still doing whatever it was that led to their success.
So why not learn from them? Find sth you enjoy doing, give it everything you‘ve got, & the money will take care of itself. You‘ll be having too much fun at the office to stop working
社会热点话题(14)
CHEERS FOR CHINA!
11 Nov. 2001, Doha—the whole world has witnessed signing ceremony on China‘s accession to the WTO, and
all the people concerned gave their cheers for China! We may say that China‘s accession to the WTO is indeed the very symbol of China‘s return to the world economics stage as well as the acknowledgement of the whole world on China‘s achievement in the last 20 years‘ reforming and opening. It strengthened China‘s determination to carry on its reforming and opening and also gave a big push to promote the freedom on trade investment under the globalization of the world economics. In a word, China‘s position in the international affairs has been greatly improved /increased with it.
One more thing, all of us, another cheer for China!
社会热点话题(15)
To Save & protect
We used to have the foolish idea that the treasures of nature were ―limitless‖& ―inexhaustible‖.
In other words, we knew little about the plicated system that runs all through nature.which means, an unhealthy condition of one part will be harmful to all the others. Thus the earth has been warning us with continuous river floods & ever-increasing desertification.
For the sake of ourselves & those ing after us, we must now set about repairing the mistakes in relation to unproper land use. That is to say, we are to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in good condition so that others may also share the enjoyment. In brief, it should be our goal to restore the original beauty of nature.
社会热点话题(16)
Media & Celebrities
One hundred years ago, people became famous for what they had achieved. Today‘s celebrities,however, often do not bee known for any enduring(永久的) achievement, they are simply famous for being famous with the help of the media. They are distingnished by their image or trademark and they have nothing great but a big name. That is to say, the focus of public attention has begun to shift away from knowing what such people did to knowing what they looked like.
With the arrival of television, the faces of all kinds of celebrites became as familiar as those we saw across the breakfast table. We came to know more about the lives of our favorite celebrities than we did about most of the people we know personally, no matter they are movie stars, fashion models, professional athletes, and even cartoon characters.
In a word, celebrities are created by the media, and they are exactly like us except for the attention they get
from the media.
社会热点话题(17) Preserving Natural Resources
Ever since man appeared on the earth, man’s survival has been heavily relying on nature. Almost everything we use in our everyday life es from nature. With the development of technology and population growth, the amount and range of materials used has increased at an alarming rate. However, natural resources are not inexhaustible.
Some reserves are already on the brink of exhaustion and there is no hope of replacing them. The widespread water shortage is an example in point. If man continued to squander natural resources with no thought for the future, the whole world would be in a mess.
Time is running out. It is up to us to take effective measures before the situation gets out of hand.
社会热点话题(18)
GLOBAL SHORTAGE OF FRESH WATER
People often think that water will never be used up. There is plenty of water, such as rain, water from the rivers and wells. In fact water is rather limited on the earth. With the rapid increase of population and fast development of industries, water is more needed than before. Some big cities in China are facing the problem of water shortage already.
What should we do about the water shortage?
I think, people should be made aware of the real situation about the water. And certain laws should be made that no water will be polluted. We have to protect the existing water resources and develop new ones. In this way I believe that our cities will not be thirsty for water in the future.
社会热点话题(19)
CARS AND AIR POLLUTION
Cars have created a lot of serious problems in our world. All the time, they are pumping huge amounts of waste gases into the atmosphere, causing disease and even death.
One possible solution is to design and develop clean cars and clean fuels. But it may take decades for the new models to pletely replace the traditional ones.
Another solution is to develop modern public transportation systems and restrict the use of private cars. If the price of petrol rises constantly and the public vehicles are efficient and convenient enough, most people will not drive private cars. On the whole, the elimination of air pollution needs the co-efforts from the government and the public. This problem will be
solved only with the help of science and technology.
社会热点话题(20) PARENTS ARE TOO PERMISSIVE WITH THEIR CHILDREN NOWADAYS
There are countless s on childcare in magazines and newspapers. With so much unsolicited advice flying about, mum and dad just don’t know what to do any more. In the end, they do nothing at all. So, from early childhood, the kids are in charge and parents’ lives are regulated according to the needs of their offspring.
When the little dears develop into teenagers, they take plete control. If the young people are going to have a party, for instance, parents are asked to leave the house. Their presence merely spoils the fun. What else can the poor parents do but obey?
But remember: children are hardy creatures and most of them survive the harmful influence of extreme permissiveness, so think about it, you poor parents!
社会热点话题(21)
ONLY STRICTER TRAFFIC LAWS CAN PREVENT ACCIDENTS
Though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we cites the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads. Man versus the motor-car! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing.
Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly mutilated each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.
It is high time that world codes were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which is universally accepted could only have dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate. So let’s work it out!
社会热点话题(22)
ADVANTAGES OF FIVE-DAY WEEK
A five-day week has been put into practice in China, which is weled by most people. It is obvious that a five-day week has brought about many advantages to the society and people. Firstly, families have benefited from it very much. They have more time to spend together or go for an outing during the weekend. Children are able to learn useful skills, women have enough time to take care of the house, go shopping or relax.
Secondly, society has also benefited from it. As people have two days off, they would like to go shopping or traveling, which can promote the merce and tourism. Then the shops and travel agency will have more customers.
Thirdly individuals have also enjoyed the benefit from the five-day week, because they have more time for whatever they want to do during the weekend. For example, one likes stamp collection; he will have enough time to enjoy it. What’s more, individuals can make full use of a weekend for a good rest. Adequate rest will enable him to work more efficiently.
In a word, a five-day week is beneficial to the society, families and individuals.
社会热点话题(23)
PULLUTION
The world population is growing very fast. More food, clothing, houses are needed. Agriculture and industry, therefore, have to develop very quickly。Unfortunately; modem farming and industry are making the air, the soil, and the water dirty, which we called pollution.
Pollution is a serious danger to human lives. For example; throughout the world air pollution is serious in all cities. It is said that every year factories pour millions of tons of smoke into the air, and, air pollution has taken the lives of many people.
Scientists are now fighting a battle against pollution. So far, it has been successful. Of course, the battle cannot be won unless every one of us understands the danger of pollution and does something to stop it.
社会热点话题(24)
JOB PROBLEMS FOR GRADUATES
According to the statistics, only 58% of college graduates could find jobs in their specialties. Why do college graduates find it increasingly difficult to get a rewarding job?
One reason perhaps is that many colleges and universities fail to adapt their courses to the development of economy. Degree courses offered in these institutions of higher learning are so outdated, irrelevant and impractical that the students themselves find it hard to translate their book knowledge into real job skills. Second, there is an oversupply of graduates in certain specialties.
So many of them can not enter the professions for which they are trained. College graduates are valuable resources in our country. The problems they encounter in job hunting deserve more attention.
社会热点话题(25) POPULATION PROBLEMS
The population problem may be the greatest challenge of the present time. In other words, People are being born faster than they are dying, or they are dying at a slower rate than they are being born. The average life span has doubled in the last 50 years. That people live much longer results in the serious population problem.
People around the world are being more concerned about the population explosion. It is hoped that there can be some control over the number of people that are born, but population control is a subject which touches the moral & religious beliefs of many people. Even if many families have fewer children, there will still be problems of food, water & power supply.
社会热点话题(26)
ANTI-POLLUTION NEEDS YOUR EFFORTS
People today are beginning to hear more & more about the problem of pollution. Pollution is caused either by the release of artificial substances into the environment(人造物质的排放),or by increased amounts of natural substances, such as oil, from oil tankers into the sea.
Many people, therefore, see pollution as only part of a larger & more plex problem. Whatever its underlying reasons, it is no doubt that much of the pollution could be controlled if panies, individuals & governments would make more efforts. For instance, there is an obvious need to control litter & waste, which everyone can help to do by cutting out excess consumption & careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives.
In a word, anti-pollution needs your efforts!
现代文化生活话题(1)
OBJECTIVE TEST AND SUBJECTIVE TEST
Some people think that objective items such as multiple choices should be used for an examination, for they contain the following advantages: they can be scored by a puter quickly, and the examinees can receive their scores within a few days. Above all, the multiple-choice test is objective indeed, namely, it is fair enough for everyone.
Other people don‘t agree, In their opinion, this kind of test has some bad effects on students‘ learning. For what the students need to do is to guess and tick, and this cannot help to develop their ability.
I think that one examination should be divided into two parts: subjective and objective. With the two bined together, better judgment on examinees ?capabilities will be made then.
现代文化生活话题(2)
CHANGES IN EDUCATION
It has been a long long time that employees have been hired for their degrees rather than their abilities. Employment, pay and often even promotions have depended on one‘s diploma. Now many employers are beginning to demand more than the pletion of school. Namely, there‘s an urgent cry for performance and accountability.
As a result of this increasing demand, big changes in education have taken place. Indeed, the fastest growing industry today may be the continuing professional education of highly schooled adults. Much of it takes place outside the education establishment—through panies, government departments or management associations and trade associations.
Thus demand for education is going up, not down. What is going down, and fairly fast, is demand for traditional education in traditional schools. In a word, petition and choice are already beginning to infiltrate the school system.
现代文化生活话题(3)
EDUCATION ON INTERNET
A new era, namely, the knowledge society is upon us. So lifelong learning is expected to bee the standard for many people. And it is this characteristic that makes the mission of education on Internet an essential part of all educational patterns.
Theoretically, all the people should and can be educated, but how to deal with the contradictions between high pressure on work & living and the need for lifelong education remains unsolved until the newly –established educational form has e into being. That is to say, education on Internet. It has five distinguished features of ―ANY‖: --ANYbody can choose ANY course and ANY chapters of the course for learning at ANY time ANYwhere.Thus it offers you the very freedom to be engaged in your work and enjoy learning.
Judging from all factors taken into account, we may safely reach the conclusion that education on Internet is there to form the lifelong educational system and provide more people with opportunities for higher education.
现代文化生活话题(4) THE HUMANISTIC FEATURE OF KNOWLEDGE ECONOMICS
Knowledge economics es from the great increase of scientific knowledge. It is pushing human beings speedily towards the information society.
Firstly, knowledge economics is the very engine driving our society into the information age and calling forth the great productivity of knowledge.
Secondly, knowledge economics tends to make natural science and humanistic social science into unification. Both of them not only have formed a huge knowledge system, but also played an interactive part in each other‘s development.
Thirdly, knowledge economics has enlarged and increased human being‘s living sphere and living quality. And the research, development, production as well as creation on knowledge have bee the mon form in the society. Namely ,information production will be people‘s chief work.
现代文化生活话题(5)
THE IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH WRITING
English writing has bee very important nowadays.
Scientists write their discoveries in English for publication, students write course papers in English to show what they have learned, & many people write English letters for various matters to overseas receivers. So English writing is necessary for us now.
There are several ways by which we can improve our writing in English. First, read more, no matter they are English newspapers, magazines, textbooks, & copy the useful sentences & phrases; Second, write more, we can either write to our friends or write s to publish. Certainly we can keep a diary in English, too.
In short, so long as we keep on practicing, we will be able to improve our wrinting ability in English.
现代文化生活话题(6)
READING PROVIDES NECESSARY SURRIVAL SKILLS
With the ing of the television age & the increasing emphasis on pictures & sound in all quarters of our society, many people would have us believe that we are moving rapidly away from reading as a necessary life skill. But this is not the case
Good reading is a more important life skill than ever before & the printed word continues to be the cornerstone
of both higher education & better positions in the job market For students, almost all studying involves reading. For adults, reading is day to day, either a stumbling block or a smooth path to pleasure & opportunity. This is why good reading habits are not only an important study skill for the student, but also an important life skill for anyone.
现代文化生活话题(7)
WHY IS NATIVE LANGUAGE LEARNT SO WELL?
How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? The answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him.
Let‘s focus on the latter one. Though a childs‖ teachers‖ may not have been trained in language teaching they take great pains to make their lessons easy & interesting, always repeating the same phrase & at the same time doing the thing they are talking about. They are greatly pleased at every little advance the child makes, Every awkward attempt meets with sympathy & encouragement, & the most difficult step on the path of language bees the merriest game.
Unfortunately, teachers of language demand faultless accuracy from the beginning. By keeping their students working unnecessarily long at some little parts of the subject, they often weaken their interest in learning the language. So here I want to remind teachers of language: language will arrange itself in the brain without learning of too many special rules or the aid of elaborate explanations. That‘s the way language learning works.
现代文化生活话题(8)
The problems I have in My English study
I have many problems in my English study, to name just a few, they can be listed as following:
First, my vocabulary is rather small. As a result, I can neither read fast nor understand well, and it‘s really not easy for me to keep new words in mind; Second, I cannot write well. As I have always been engaged in sth having nothing to do with English, I seldom have any chance to write in English; third, my listening prehension is not good enough, because I had little training at college.
To overe these difficulties, I have worked out a plan. Namely, read one or two pages of English everyday, keep a diary in English & practice writing twice a week & listen to English tapes every two or three days. I believe that so long as I practice, I’ll be able to read, write & understand better.
现代文化生活话题(9) ENLARGING ENGLISH VOCABULARY
It is true that vocabulary is very important in English study. With a small vocabulary, we cannot understand well, neither can we express ourselves
There are several ways to enlarge one‘s vocabulary. First, read as much as possible, the more you read, the larger vocabulary you will have; Second, recite modal essays, which can help you memorize the words simultaneously; Third, Listen. You can listen to the radio or watch English programs on TV, and they not only help you keep new words in mind but also keep you in touch with the current news.
In my opinion, the best way is to read more: no matter they are English newspapers, magazines, or the textbooks. Why not have a try? It really works!
现代文化生活话题(10)
HOW TO MAKE A SUCCESSFUL INTERVIEW
In some ways the employment interview is like a persuasive speech because the interviewee seeks to persuade the interviewer to employ him or her. Several suggestions might prove helpful to the applicant as preparation is made for the actual interview.
First, the applicant should know what kind of job he wants & how that job relates to his career objective; Second, the applicant should seek as much information as possible concerning the pany, such as its location, financial status, plans for expansion, pany philosophy & so on; Third, since the interviewer‘s first impression es from the interviewee‘s appearance, both men & women should be in neat, conservative dresses In a word, make yourself look like somebody with a pleasant personality & a real interest in the job.
现代文化生活话题(11)
CARE FOR THE ELDERLY
With the rapid development of modern technology, we have made medical advances that allow people to live longer than ever before, but what should we do with them after we have saved their lives?
First, allowances should be made for the people who are no longer earning a living, who cannot walk long distances, or who may have physical or mental disabilities that keep them from municating with others.
Second, entrust the elderly to the care of nursing homes, where many kinds of entertainment facilities and treatment equipment are available;
Finally, a country that can help people live longer has the responsibility to care for them better, therefore the government is there to enforce high standards of care by virtue of law
现代文化生活话题(12)
STUDYING ABROAD
Attending school abroad has many advantages
Firstly, looking at our motherland from the outside, we can best see the strong points of our nation
Secondly, while studying in a foreign country, we can travel widely and make friends with the local people to widen our vision & broaden our minds;
Thirdly, the foreign language can be used in our daily life so that our ability in the second language will be improved quickly
Above all, we are able to get acquainted with the latest knowledge in science & technology as well as make use of the first-rate facilities available.
For all these reasons, it is really worthwhile to go abroad for further studies, particularly when the object is very weak or not available at home
现代文化生活话题(13)
TELEVISION IN OUR LIFE
Television—the most popular & persuasive form of modern technologies, marked by rapid change & growth –is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary functions, which promises to reshape our lives & our world. Or in other words, it is an electronic revolution, made possible by the marriage of television & puter technologies. Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses; it has been a major provider of news, information, & entertainment, placing our role as the passive viewer.
Television is more than just an electronics system, however, it is a means of expression, a vehicle for munication, & as well as a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.
现代文化生活话题(14)
ON STUDY OF English
In a sense, English is our bridge connecting peoples of the world. The development of a person, a business, even a nation cannot be achieved without munications with the outside world. Since English is most
universally used language in various international exchanges, without it we‘ll be isolated from international munity.
However, the mand of English is a time-consuming process. First, a workable stock of vocabulary requires several thousand words and expressions, which takes years to develop. Second, the improvement of the oral and listening petence seems disappointing to learners. Third and most discouraging of all is, the phrase which is made up of familiar words goes quite beyond one‘s prehension.
Despite all difficulties, I shall be bent on practising as I believe in the saying: ―Practice makes perfect‖
现代文化生活话题(15)
PROVIDE A BETTER LIFE FOR SENIOR CITIZENS
Now we have a growing population of senior citizens. To ensure happy lives for them has bee a focus of attention.
There are many things to be done to honor senior citizens. To name just a few, they should enjoy some privileges, such as special seats in buses, reduced fares for entertainment & traveling, & other benefits. In short, we should do everything to solve their practical problems, to warm their hearts & to make them happy. Besides, we should find some ways to provide affordable medical health care and ensure a decent pension for them.
Senior citizens, need our love & deserve the best care. Let‘s update our traditional respect for the aged & provide a better life for them.
现代文化生活话题(16)
HOW TO WRITE A PARAGRAPH?
To write a paragraph, you‘re supposed to follow certain basic steps.
First, think about the topic you have been given or pick a topic of your own; Second, draft as many ideas as you can think of about your topic; Third, look back over your list & pick out the main points you will use in writing your topic sentence; Fourth, write your topic sentence. After that, you‘re ready to develop your paragraph using the main points included in your topic sentence. Be sure that all these sentences give details about the latter. Finally, bring your paragraph to an end by writing a sentence that makes the reader feel that your paragraph is plete.
现代文化生活话题(17) THE ADVANTAGES OF BOOKS
Books can be found to fit almost every need, temper, or interest. Books can be read when you are in the mood; they do not have to be taken in periodic doses.
Books have an inner confidence, which individuals seldom show; they rarely have to be on the defensive. Books can afford to be courageous & exploratory; they do not have to be so careful of employers, colleagues & munity opinions. Books are infinitely diverse; they cover all the fields of human activity. Books can be found to express every point of view; if you want a different point of view, you can read a different book.
As the saying goes‖ it is always beneficial to open a book‖. Why not do it now?
现代文化生活话题(18)
DOES WTO NOT CONCERN EDUCATION?
Quite a number of people take our membership of WTO as the business of the government. However, confronted with WTO & the challenge in educational field, we have to take the following factors into account: Firstly, education is indeed one essential part of WTO, which is facing a series of new challenge & new opportunities now; Secondly, as a service trade, from basic education to higher & adult education,its open service has been on the way of continuous & enlarging development, and a global open market is ing into being; thirdly, education is an industry. The very aim of WTO is to ensure all kinds of educational products & establishments a conditional access to the market.
In short, WTO does ooncern education.
现代文化生活话题(19)
DINING OUT IN THE FAST-FOOD RESTAURANT
Nowadays, fast-food restaurants have mushroomed everywhere & many people enjoy dining there.
Fast-food is rapidly gainng popularity for quite a few reasons. Firstly, there is a variety of food awailable. If you are busy or tired of cooking, you may have food cooked quickly by modern techniques for a change. Secondly, fast-food satisfies people‘s needs. It is convenient, nutritious & delicious with a reasonable price everybody can afford. Finally, dining out in the fast-food restaurant, you can save time & a world of trouble, such as shopping, cooking, washing dishes. Consequently, it benefits people a lot.
Fast food has already changed our ways of living. With the rapid development of science & technology, it will
give us better service & possibly bee indispensable to us.
现代文化生活话题(20) THE FUNCTION OF EDUCATION
As is widely accepted, education is regarded as both an individual benefit & a social necessity. It is a general view that everybody has the right & obligation to bee educated
We believe that, through education, an individnal acquires the knowledge, skills, attitudes & abilities, which will enable him to fit into society & improve his social status. Education helps to shape the society & develop the national strength. Very often, people look to education as the cause of personal & national success & the care of social & economic ills, holding the view that the future of the human beings depends largely on education. In short, the system of education has three principal functions: teaching, research & public service
现代文化生活话题(21)
ADULT EDUCATION IN CHINA
There are many ways of attaining education at all levels Many high schools, colleges, or adult schools as well as business & industrial institutions offer noncredit daytime or evening classes in dozens of fields & skills.
It is reported that about 120 million Chinese participate in different forms of adult education through schools, job training, or correspondence courses.
About one in ten Chinese adults participate in an organized-learning group each year. In recent years, there has been a trend to bring in older students for post-secondary education degree. Colleges & universities, both public & private, offer what is now called‖ continuing education‖ programs, or ―lifelong education‖ programs of associate degrees, graduates studies or professional development
Under such a system, a worker may continue his study even on a part-time basis, & a retired person may return to college at an advanced age.
现代文化生活话题(22)
FAMILY---TRADITIONAL & MODERN
Families are important to people all over the world although the structure of family is different from one country to another or from the modern family to the traditional one.
Firstly, Let‘s see what similarities there are between the traditional & modern family. We can say both of them
are nuclear families (with parents & their children as only members), & the role of the father in both types is to provide for his family while the mother takes care of the childre‘s physical & emotional needs;
Secondly, the differences between the two are also clear. For example, the traditional husband was the head of the household while today’s husband & wife share the role;And modern woman works outside the home even after she has children, namely, she’s doing two jobs instead of one, so preschool children may go to a child care center or to a baby-sitter regularly(sine the mother works)
No matter it is traditional or modern, every family has the sense as following: families offer us a feeling of belonging, of love & security.
现代文化生活话题(23)
THE IMPORTANCE OF BEING KIND & POLITE
Being kind & polite means that your behavior shows respect for the rules that the majority follow, or in other words, act in a civilized way to avoid misunderstanding, friction & conflict
There are no laws enforcing respect. Yet we cannot interact with others without some rules of behavior, rules that are set by some form of social consesnsus
These guidelines represent what a majority of people consider acceptable & what they consider unacceptable. For instance, many people talk at movies, or make boring conversations with their cellular-phones and so on . In fact their behavior is closer to that of animals than civilized individuals.
Remember, every little bit of kindness & good manners helps, namely, being polite & showing respect can give us an edge, & it is always a good idea to be kind & polite
现代文化生活话题(24)
Fast food
Fast food is being more popular in China, especially among children and teenagers. There are several reasons for its popularity. First, it is very convenient and saves a lot of time.
You just go into a fast food restaurant, order your food, and your food is ready in no time. Second, its popularity is also attributed to it clean and fortable environment, the excellent service, and the guaranteed quality of food.
However, in terms of nutrition, fast food is far from satisfactory. It usually does not pose a balanced diet and is low in nutritional value. While cooking at home offers healthy and delicious meals your body needs. Fast food is only a good choice when you are in a hurry and turn to it once in a while.
现代文化生活话题(25) WHY DO WE NEED ENGLISH?
As the international language of diplomacy, merce and technology, English is also the language of the United Nations and its agencies as well as of many other international bodies. To municate in these areas outside our own country, we have to be aware of its widespread use.
English must be taught in all our schools, not only for the better munication with the world but also that our students can go abroad to learn the techniques our nation so urgently needs. We also need representatives who can mand respect at the international conferences.
And if English is the mon language of munications for all kinds of affairs, let us be as fluent and proficient in it as possible, for the sake of our own country’s advancement and prestige.
现代文化生活话题(26)
ON ADVERTISEMENTS
Nowadays, ads generally are constructive to both manufactures and consumers in China. With ads, producers can bee more popular, as a result, the consumers can purchase according to what ads say.
However, some ads are too deceiving not to be ridiculous. A case in point is an advertisement of drug, which declares on CCTV that the drug has became the absolute remedy for AIDS. It is well known that in our world so far there has been no official report on discovery of the cure for the fatal disease. Actually various consumers plain of being taken in by such deceiving ads over the country.
In this light, governments at all levels should exercise more rigid examination of ads before they are exposed to the public.
现代文化生活话题(27)
KNOWLEDGE IS POWER
The saying “Knowledge is power” bees universally accepted in that it reveals a simple yet brutal fact: It is the brain rather than sword that makes an individual or a nation strong.
The truth the saying speaks has been proven in man’s civilization, which is, to the greatest extent, accelerated by man’s knowledge in the form of science and technology. A century ago, it took many-years to send a message to the other end of the world. Nevertheless, we can have it done in seconds today with just touches on puter keyboard.
“Knowledge is power” means something particular to us Chinese since China remains backward. We must sweat over
knowledge so as to build China into one of the world’s economic giants.
现代文化生活话题(28) MY HOBBY
I have been collecting stamps at my leisure time for ten years I am so greatly interested in it that it has bee a hobby with which I can’t part.
Stamp-collecting is a never-ending pleasure as well as an education for me. As I wander through the album from China to India, from South Africa to France, I learn many facts and historic data about distant lands, details of foreign customs, arts, literature and culture. There is always something to do in connection with it, from meeting like-minded collectors, exchanging stamps, getting advice to showing off the latest find. Stamp-collecting occupies my leisure hours constructively. It makes me contented, with no time for boredom.
I want to be a stamp-collecting NO.1 in my country.
现代文化生活话题(29)
READING
Many people consider gold and silver as the most valuable things. They like these things more than anything else. I, on the contrary, put reading books first in the world.
The old saying, “to open a book is always beneficial”, sufficiently shows how good it is to read a book. Books are our friends, which introduce us to different kinds of knowledge and lead us to the road of greatness. They increase our knowledge, enlarge our experience, strengthen our character and do many other things which we might otherwise have failed to do.
Yet our life is limited and the knowledge is boundless. Therefore, we must make the best use of our time to read more books, thus to obtain more knowledge.
现代文化生活话题(30)
TELEVISON ADVERTISEMENT
Some people enjoy watching television advertisements; some people don’t think so. As to me, I’m really disgusted with television advertisements.
In the first place, the advertisements waste time. For instance, abort 15 minutes is lost by watching the advertisement during a single news program. In the second place, the advertisements interrupt the viewer. For example, the viewer may forget the situation of a show during the advertisement. Even worse, during a good movie, the watcher loses his feeling when the ad es on, and that has bad psychological influences. In the third place, the advertisements make many products more
appealing than they really are.
Accordingly, the television viewer must be aware and critical of the advertisements in order to endure them.
现代文化生活话题(31) FAILURE IN LIFE
Failure is a mon thing in our daily life. There are times when we fail to do satisfactory work. In short, failures happen naturally and almost everyone has such experience.
However, there are different attitudes toward failure. Some people lose confidence in failure. Some people don’t take failure seriously and they just let it be, while some others learn much from failure, and therefore see the light of hope through failure.
In my opinion, what really counts is not failure itself, but what we think of failure and do after failure. As long as we don’t give up and believe in ourselves, and in the meantime learn something from failure, we’ll certainly make our marks in this world in the end.
现代文化生活话题(32)
EXAMINATIONS
In most schools, examinations are used as a chief means to find out whether a student succeeds or fails in his studies. Although they do the job quite efficiently, their side effects are also enormous.
The worst effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits. Since examination score is probably the only criterion for his academic performance, a student is thus driven to memorize mechanically what need to be examined.
Examinations, instead of motivating a student to seek more knowledge, restrict his reading, and lower the standards of teaching. Actually, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students’ academic development. If that’s the case, why can’t we make a change and devise something more productive and reliable than examinations?
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MY FAVORITE SUBJECTS
College students usually have to learn a variety of subjects. Once a student has chosen his specialty, he is obliged to learn all the subjects prescribed for his field of study no mater he likes them or not.
Yet, every student may have his own favorite subjects. Almost no student distributes his time evenly among all the
subjects. Some may listen to English broadcasting for hours. Others may sit all day long before a puter. Only when the examination session approaches will he divert his attention from his favorite subject for a few days.
My favorite subject is English. It is regarded as “a world language” which not only can help me municate more efficiently with foreigners but also help me learn the most advanced knowledge.
现代文化生活话题(34)
MY IDEAL JOB
When we are asked what we want to be in the future, we have different answers. My ideal job is to be an excellent teacher. If I am a teacher, Life will be more interesting and meaningful.
But I know it is not easy for me to be a good teacher, let alone an excellent one. Being a teacher needs knowledge, patience, skills, etc. I must study hard to answer most of my students’ questions. I must learn to be patient to tolerate my students’ slowness in acquiring new knowledge, I must have good skills to make myself understood clearly and quickly by my students.
So you see, different jobs require different talents. I will live up to be the name of a teacher.
经济与科技(1)
FROM APEC TO WTO
Nowadays, there is a saying going round that China‘s membership of WTO and successful hosting for Olympic as well as APEC in China this year are China‘s three active steps in the involvement of the world economical system.
Before China became a member of WTO, APEC has been China‘s only participation in the international economic organization, and it has always been the important tribune to pass on China‘s reform and opening information and to promote regional economic co-operations.
In the mean time, China also regards APEC as an important channel and system to connect its economics to the regional and world market, and most of China‘s policies on reducing tariff were declared in APEC, so in fact China has taken APEC as a preparing school for WTO.
In a word, on behalf of a para- member of WTO, China is there to give an active push to the new negotiation of WTO in Shanghai, and this will surely make an encouraging influence on Dawhah conference in November.
经济与科技(2) IT IN OUR LIFF
AT the beginning of the 20 century, there were four means of transmitting & receiving information over long distances: print, photographs, telegraph & telephone. In 1964, the Olympic Games in Tokyo became the first program to be transmitted via satellite.
The bination of satellites, which transmit information, puters, which store information, & television, which displays information, will change every home into an education & entertainment center. In theory, every person will have access to an unlimited amount of information, and people are able to shop from homes do banking without leaving the house, watch any movie they want on television as well as enjoy soho life.
IT make information from around the world available to be used quickly & easily, but some people worry that this may be a risk to our privacy. Namely, IT helps us and may also harm us. Thus carefully controlling this new technology is the intelligent applications of IT.
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WHAT IS MONEY?
Money is something you‘ve been familiar with throughout your life. You regularly use money to measure the value of things you own. You also have some of it in your pockets & in bank accounts. Money serves a number of functions as following:
Firstly, as a generally accepted medium of exchange, money rules out the need for barter, the direct exchange of one item for another;
Secondly, money provides a unit of account that serves as a standard to measure value, e.g., the concept of GNP will be useless without a standard of value such as the dollar.
Thirdly, money can also serve as store of value that can be quickly converted to goods & services. Namely, money is pletely liquid, and it can immediately be converted to goods &services without any inconvenience or cost
经济与科技(4)
SHOPPING ON THE LINE
Nowadays, Internet is revolutionizing our globe &greatly facilitating our life. Recently, shopping on the Net is gradually being popular in modern cities. However, people take different attitudes towards the new way of
shopping Some people hold that shopping on the net has many advantages: It not only keeps customers updated about the best selling products but provides customers with a wider range of choices. Most important of all, it is very convenient &timesaving.
Others argue that customers can never be assured of the quality of the modities unless they see them with their own eyes.
Therefore, they don‘t show any interest in shopping online.
Anyhow, it‘s believed that shopping on the net will be an irresistible trend of shopping in the 21 century.
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WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF THERE WERE NO ELECTRICITY
Ever since early this century, electricity has been playing an essential role in our modern life. Take modern buildings for example, it is electricity that lights rooms and makes such modern wonders as TV sets, refrigerators and air-conditioners work. More important is, it is electricity that pushes elevators&running water up skyscrapers.No doubt ,it plays a part in our modern life as the role blood does in human body.
If there were no electricity, our modern life would be badly crippled. Without electricity, all modern wonders would be reduced to uselessness. Without elevators, running water, munications, lights and air-conditioners in certain areas, skyscrapers and other modern buildings would be unfit for people to live in for lack of electricity. In brief, there would be no electricity-based modern life.
Therefore, we should on the one hand save as much electricity as possible, on the other hand utilize more source of electricity.
经济与科技(6)
WHAT DOES GLOBALIZATION TEACH US?
Globalization is not only the very reality or the trend we face now, but also a point of view and a research means(研究方法)for the modern people. But what does globalization teach us?
Firstly, globalization is a kind of human civilization, its development is just a new form of the lAtter one, indeed the definition and structure of civilization image constitute the major aspect of globalization in the long run.
Secondly, globalization is human-beings future, and a sound global management is its destination. It offers the global village a mon market, a balancing-benefited political sphere and the more & more similar language
system. Thirdly, globalization is closely concerned with China‘s modernization depends on how much China can get involved in the mainstream (主流)of globalization. So China‘s next aim is to walk into its center.
经济与科技(7)
THE VALUE OF MONEY
Every man knows the value of money. If he has a lot of money, he can make himself very fortable by having a fine house to live in, beautiful clothes to put on & delicious food to enjoy.
With money he can do what he likes. Money is so important and so useful that people are keen to possess it. But money can be a source of evil. For the sake of money, some people do not care about the means of getting it. They would steal, gamble, cheat & even kill someone to get money. Those evildoers profit at the expense of their victims.
Therefore, money is only a curse, if people do not know how to handle it. It‘s true that money can bring people happiness‘. With money they can buy the basic necessity. With money, they can go to the theatre or other places of entertainment. Happy are those who make money through their work & live within their ine. In short, money is important & useful, but in itself it has no value if it does not give people real happiness.
经济与科技(8)
OUR EXPECTATIONS OF FOREIGN FIRMS IN CHINA
China being a member of WTO, many foreign firms enjoy a free flow of trade capital, skills, technology & information in this huge market, and they in many ways have a big impact on people‘s lives. But what are our expectations of these partners or petitors?
In short, treat employees & local munities everywhere with respect & set examples of decency, fairness & solidarity, as well as of performance & petitiveness. Why? Partly because such behavior should be the ethical core of a pany, and partly because it helps a lot to be responsible.
To be seen as being responsible, panies will find it easier to hire & keep talent, obtain good financing & gain social approval & political support---- We expect no more.
经济与科技(9) ON THE EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY
The world is slowly being a high-tech society. New technologies like puters, robots have changed the way most of us live & work. While life turns easier in some way, technology has had terrible consequences for many people.
In other words, people are suffering the changes brought by technology. For instance, millions of people are out of work today, and their unemployment is caused by machines that can do the work people used to do; In addition, managers who can not adjust to puters & telemunication systems are losing jobs too.
We may have more food, better houses, cheaper munications, but we may also lose our ability to use these things. Technology may be improving our lives, but it is also taking away our livelihoods!
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WHAT IS THE SCIENTIFIC CONSUMPTION?
The scientific consumption refers to the reasonable expenditure based on our real needs, which enables all kinds of expenses to fully serve both our mental & physical health
To be a scientific consumer, firstly we should learn some consumption knowedge to guide our daily expenditure and take the best advantage our limited ine; Secondly, we are supposed to deal with the present & long-term consumption rationally to ensure our fully-scaled development; Thirdly, the sustainable consumption requires us a healthy & correct way to consume so as not to waste or pollute our natural resources; Finally, the consumption structure is being perfected with the development of scienfific technology & social economics. And this is the very thing we name as the scientific consumption.
经济与科技(11)
WHY SHOULD WE BUY INSURANCE?
It is true that accident, illness & death are not pleasant subjects to discuss or even consider, & insurance always reminds us that we live in an unsafe world. But we are human & we have to face the possibilities of disease, injury, death & financial loss. It is better that we plan for these situations by finding means to deal with them than to just hope that they will somehow go away.
In fact, some intelligent consumers have already had a basic knowledge of insurance coverages, and their study of insurance is an effective, proven method of protecting themselves. So why not learn from them?
Recognie the many unfortunate events that can occur rationally, and don‘t hope you might be spared but look problems in the face. Meanwhile, don‘t depend entirely on the agent when you buy insurance but try to have a general idea on its basic concepts & be wise in taking care of yourself & your property.
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THE WAY OUT FOR CHINESE ENTERPRISES
Facing the challenge from WTO, all Chinese enterprises are working on the strategies to find a way out for themselves. Macroscopically speaking, three outlets are available for them to choose:
Firstly, be a cost leader, with the cheaper human resources & huge domestic markets, Chinese enterprises are more likely to realize their production of large of scale;
Secondly, take the lead in technology. If Chinese enterprises spend more money on technology research & development rather than on advertisements, it‘s no doubt that they are making a better choice;
Thirdly, cooperate. As the American saying goes: If you can’t beat it, join it. In a saturated market, to cooperate to surrive may be the only way to stand the chance & carry on your business.
经济与科技(13)
ONE WORLD ONE ECONOMY
Globalization is the buzz word of the 1990s. In the two previous decades, the amount of money & goods moving between countries has been rising steadily. At the same time, trade barriers across the world have been lowered.
This more integrated global economy will ultimately benefit everyone because it will enable countries to specialize in those areas where they perform best Developing countries, with their higher population & lower wages, will concentrate on labor-intensive industries (such as raw materials & mannfacturing). The richer countries, on the other hand, will diversify into hi-tech industry where high productivity & special knowledge are paramount. And the effect of this will be to improve productivity in all countries, leading to higher living standards. The free movement of capital will also help poorer countries develop so they can play a full & active role in the world economy.
经济与科技(14)
COMPUTERS & OUR LIFE
Computers are being used widely in our life. Office work has been made highly efficient with puters. So have been production lines, laboratory researches, campus net works, stock markets & so on.
More amazingly, puters are transforming our life. You can write without paper, watch movies at home, & get money at AMT just around the corner. It is said that in the near future when puters bee so small, you can have it somewhere on your clothes & work anywhere you like
As an international trader, I use puters almost every workday. For example, the price list & customer information stored in puters, E-mails sent & received, business correspondence dealt with, samples designed, etc. I‘ve really formed a close tie with puters.
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WTO Vs CHINA
WTO, the biggest business organization in the world, has attracted all the countries since its establishment. China has been applying for its membership for more than 15 years and finally we have succeeded. Will the accession affect our lives? Sure.
Firstly, WTO provides China an access to the funds and technology available to make use of most possible resources;
Secondly, it offers China more chances to accept the various and up-to-date senses of management, making China directly connected with the modern administration principles;
Thirdly, as a member of WTO , China is placed in the position to acknowledge universally-adopted business regulations and deal with everything accordingly.
But what actions should we take to survive the challenges? In short, make the best of your potential & take actions to cope with it. Don‘t you think so, my dear friends?
经济与科技(16)
What Will Happen After China Enters WTO?
Every Chinese takes China’s entry into WTO as a blessing and a promise of prosperity. It seems to be so at first sight, however, on reflection, we’re convinced that it’s just another coin with two sides.
On the one hand, both the nation and people will benefit greatly from China’s entry into WTO, for instance, foreign panies stream into china and offer great job opportunities. On the other hand, the entry imposes some negative effects on China. State-owned enterprises in China are undergoing great difficulties, which will be more acute with the flow of foreign
petitors into China. In short, excited about the advantages caused by the entry, we should not lose sight of the severe challenges posed by it.
经济与科技(17)
UNEMPLOYMENT
Unemployment is viewed as the number one problem in China and the government has launched a major attack on the problem.
Firstly, unemployment fund has been established to help the unemployed workers to support themselves. Secondly, the unemployed receive vocational training, which is expected to pay off in the short term & give the unemployed an advantage in the job market.
These training programs aim to equip the workers with some special skills, such as typing, sewing, and cooking. Finally, psychological advice is also available. With the advice, the unemployed will learn how to adapt to the fierce petition in the technological age. With the joint efforts of the government and the society, we are optimistic that we can win the current war on unemployment.
经济与科技(18)
ON MARKET ECONOMY
Market economy offers businesses chance of expansion with free and fair petition. Under the system, a business is free to produce and sell products according to market demands rather than government plan.
However, it brings abort a great shock and challenge to many Chinese businesses. Many enterprises have difficulties in surviving. Some have closed down. It also has been creating unemployment over the country.
In fact, advantages of market economy are based on a reasonable economic and political system. To built up our enterprises petitiveness, the government should conduct economic restructuring while individual businesses should improve their technology and management.
经济与科技(19)
ON EDUCATION AND MODERNIZATION
A modernized society means it can offer highest productivity and it has many well educated people capable of advanced technology and management. That’s why science and technology is the first productivity.
In fact, a nation’s education is the base for her scientific and technological capabilities because education is the sector
that trains professionals on the one hand, it conducts scientific research itself on the other hand. For example, there is no university without a laboratory.
In china, we have too much to do to enhance the education. To me, the first importance is to effectively improve the social and economic status of the people engaged in education.
经济与科技(20)
AUTOMOBILE
The automobile was developed in the first part of the 20th century. When produced for the first time, it was referred to as “horseless carriage”. Because it has been improved continually, it now goes faster, and is more durable and fuel-efficient.
The speed of the automobile can be of great advantage in times of emergency. If you are seriously ill, for instance, you can be sent to the hospital in the shortest time possible by an ambulance.
However, an automobile is like any weapon man might use. If a bus is put into the hands of an unqualified driver, it can kill a lot of people in a fraction of a second. Therefore, drivers should always have a high responsibility so that he can drive the automobile safely.
经济与科技(21)
TRAFFIC PROBLEMS
Today, heavy traffic has been a headache problem in big cities. It makes people waste much time on the way home or to office.
People offer various solutions to this problem when they are asked. One solution is lay down more roads, to relieve the traffic density and accelerate the flow of traffic. But its disadvantage is taking up too much land. Another solution is to open up more bus lines.
But its disadvantage is bringing inconveniences to some people who do not take a bus. I believe the best way to solve this problem is the bination of the above-mentioned two solutions: we lay down more roads in the areas where roads are not enough and open up more bus lines in densely-populated areas.
管理与决策(1)
TO BE A SPECIALIST OR A GENERALIST ?
Essay: preparing for the Interview
There are a great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization, and there is also an
increasing demand for people who are capable of seeing the forest rather than the trees. We call the former & latter one ―specialists‖ & ―generalists‖ respectively.
The specialist understands one field; his concern is with technique & tools. He is a ―trained‖ man; the generalist --& especially the administrator—deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, & with direction giving. He is an ―educated‖ man.
Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions.
It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, & to plan your career accordingly.
管理与决策(2)
INTERNATIONATIONAL TALENTS WANTED
With economics globalization and China‘s access to WTO, a pletely new talent is urgently wanted in the human resources market. The basic standard for them is general knowledge of game theory in international economics and ability to deal with trans-culture(跨文化操作能中)as well as a global point of view. That is to say, the talents needed in 21 century are the international people facing the world, who are capable of creation and information munication and very adaptive to the challenging of new economics. Above all, in coping with any problems, they should not only consider solutions from their own culture, but also meet emergencies in accordance with the international customs.
Therefore, if you are a highly professional talent with good qualifications such us skillful munication, sound managing power and excellent teamwork, you‘ll be the very person wanted today.
管理与决策(3)
A JOB APPLICATION LETTER
Dear Sir:
I am writing in response to the advertisement you placed in Shen-zhen Daily for a part time assistant manager. Next year I will receive a master‘s degree in business administration & this job would give me the experience I need for my future career. I believe that both my education & experience are directly related to your needs.
As an MBA, I have taken many courses concerning management on production, finance, marketing, human resources etc, and I‘ve also developed a great deal of practical expertise such as puter programming. Thus at
this point I‘m able to perform most administrative procedures with little or no difficulty.
I enclose a resume here & I could be available for an interview at your convenience.
Sincerely yours.
管理与决策(4) SECRETS OF SUCCESS AT AN INTERVIEW
The subject of today‘s essay is interviews
The key words here are preparation & confidence, which will carry you far.
First, Make sure you know where & when you have to report for the interview. Go to the building a day or two before.
Second, just before you go to the interview, look again at the original advertisement that you answered, photocopies of your letter of application & your resume.
Third, dress in clean, conservative clothes & arrive 10 minutes early for the interview.
Fourth, speak politely & naturally. Think before you answer any questions.
Finally, if you are not definitely accepted or turned down on the spot, ask: ―When may I expect to hear the results of this interview?‖
管理与决策(5)
WHAT IS MBA?
As a professional academic degree, MBA differs from the ordinary types of theory-studying postgraduates as follows:
Firstly, MBA education centers on practical management, which means its candidates are largely on-the-job learners & graduates will mainly go to the enterprises; secondly, the features of MBA courses are wider, fresher & more practical so that it not only covers economic & administration but also gets involved in many professional knowledge concerning business management; Thirdly, more emphasis will be put on practices through case-teaching & fieldwork to bring up MBAs with strategic insight, creative mind & cooperative awareness; finally, with the idea of training more posite talents, undergraduates with various majors & working experiences are weled in MBA education.
In short, MBA has bee an important channel to transfer the high-leveled management.
管理与决策(6) ADVANTAGE UNFAIR?
It is estimated that graduates from academic excellence make up only 2 of the total number of students who graduate from China‘s universities, but they always start with an unfair advantage in the employment market. As is generally believed, the guiding principle of colleges is higher education for everyone & the philosophy that equality must mean equal opportunity for self-realization & for the recognition of individual differences.
However, some argue that there‘s nothing wrong in having elite places of learning, & that by this very nature, these places should not be easily accessible; And we have to admit that most countries are run by anelite & have centers of a cademic excellence from which the elite are recruited.
So, how about making Qinghua & Peking University a place for remedial education?
管理与决策(7)
TO BE A SPECIALIST OR A GENERALIST ?
With the emergence of the technological age, it has bee increasingly difficult to be a knowledgeable person: there is just too much information to know sth about everything. So what should an educated person be in the tty-first century?
It isn‘s always clear whether one should try to bee a specialist or a generalist in today‘s world. Some people have focused their education, developimg skills in one area; specialists now flourish in every field of life. Conversely, others continue to believe that a well-rounded education offers the most in life; generalists typically follow a liberal arts education but may never bee experts in any fields.
One of the dilemmas of our time has been whether to approach modern education in terms of the generalist or the specialist. A coherent vision of an educated person in the tty-first century has yet to be defined
管理与决策(8)
CEO’s VALUE
Whenever we talk about CEO, we‘ll have to mention its No. I representative—Jack witch. During his last 20 years‘ term of office, he had brought people too much shock, reflection & revelation.
As a professional manager, he is no other than a top employee, but he is an indisputab business leader, an organization delegate & a mercial head. His experience tells us that the very value of CEO lies in their initiative transformation & their creative activities. His secret of success can be stated as following:
Firstly, professional managers should look the problem in the face & dare make any change; Secondly, they are supposed to activate the business with vitality; Thirdly, the arrangement of the internal resources is to be at its best under their management; Fourthly, they are able to make the business more petitive; Lastly, the business they are working at is really an organicization of learning.
管理与决策(9)
WHY I CHOOSE THE PRIVATE COMPANY?
As a graduate from academic excellence; I have an edge in the employment market. Facing many attractive choices, I made up my mind to be a member of a private pany. And the reason to this decision can be stated as following:
Firstly, with a strong service awareness, private panies have a better marketing petence, and they always respond quickly to customers.
Secondly, they are more petitive in quotation, which enables the salesmen to do far better than their counterparts from foreign or state-owned panies; Thirdly, their very knowledge of the markets in China offers them a flexible operation, and this will not only take the best advantage of employee‘s initiation & diligence, but also form a close tie between work & individual‘s qualification.
Of course private panies also have weaknesses such as serious brain drain & smaller size than foreign or state-owned ones, but these factors just provide the very reason to support my preference. And I do believe that I have made a wise decision.
管理与决策(10)
COOPERATION & COMPETITION--- THE BEST PREPARATION FOR FUTURE
As we proceed through, we are faced with many types of situations,each situaton requires us to behave in different ways. For example, a large project demands the cooperation of many individuals, each person must be flexible, supportive and be willing to promise.
Being petitive also has a place in life. The desire to succeed and do better than others motivates us to work hard at our job and study dilligently at school. Competition is what makes playing sports so exciting.
Some people say that the best peparation for life is learning to be cooperative. Others take an opposite view, but to succeed in life we need them both. The most important thing is to know when to be cooperative and when to be petitive.
A LETTER TO THE BOSS ON THE REASON FOR A RISE
Dear Sir:
How are you?
I‘m writing to you for nothing but the reasons why I should get a rise.
Firstly, how much one is paid undoubtedly shows to what degree one is nccepted & respected, & I do want to be taken as an able & qualified employee
Secondly, higher payment can surely encourage employees to work harder & make the pany develop faster. In other words, more money given to modal workers indeed offers the pany a great power to bigger achievements, and I‘d like to be one of the promoters;
Thirdly, it is well-known that there exists a two-way option between employers & employees. Namely, a boss can make an employee stay or the latter choose to go freely. As for me, I am really considering‖to be or not to be‖ now, & I hope you can take my consideration seriously.
So much for what I want to say & I‘m expecting your soonest reply;
Thanks & best regards!
Yous sincerely,
管理与决策(12)
LET’S TRY TOC
TOC, shortened form for theory of Constraints, is in fact a constraint manage
It states that the production any business or organization can increase by breaking its system constraints no matter from which department it es.
To illustrate it‘s operation more clearly, just answer the following 3 questions wthe you want to improve your management. They are:1.what to chang要改进什么?2.To what to change? 要改进成什么程度? 3.How to cause the change? And you can apply the three issues to production, marketing, management, strategic policy, munication, team work & so on. Further more, TOC can also be used in your personal decision & life plan as well as in the educational establishments.
In a word, TOC is a goal which everybody can achieve through scientific leaning & it is a shortcut to make things better.
SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDES
Science had its beginnig when man started asking questions about his environment. He wondered where the sun t at night & why the sky was blue. He sought answers to these & other questions
To seek true explanations, man needs scientific attitudes towards how things work.
Firstly, he has to be open-minded, which enables him to face the facts as they are regardless of what he has previously thought; secondly, he is also required to show respect for the views of others, no matter they are like his own or different from his; thirdly, with a patient wait-&-see attitude, he shoule take time to approach new findings and finally bases his conclusion on evidence.
These are called scientific attitudes, and they help man to develop science rapidly & know himself better & better
管理与决策(14)
UNIVERSITY MERGER
University merger, a hot topic both on and off campus, has received much public attention. People’s attitudes towards it vary greatly.
As one in favor of it, I take it as an important step that universities take towards the goal of first-rate world universities. I believe that, only through mergers can universities give full play to their own advantages and make up for their disadvantages. Take the merger between Tsinghua University and the Institute of Applied Arts as an example.
The former strengths in the field of high technology plement the latter’s reputation of art. This is a typical model of successful merger, in my opinion. And I also think that university mergers will increase the petitive power of Chinese universities in the world.
管理与决策(15)
PEOPLE SHOULD BE REWARDED ACCORDING TO ABILITY, OR TO AGE AND
EXPERIENCE
Young men and women join the hierarchy and take their place in the queue. They go to the very end of the queue and stay there no matter how brilliant they are. What they know is much less important than whom they know and how old they are.
On the one hand society provides them with better educational facilities, on the other it does its best to exclude them
from the jobs that really matter. This means that, they have to wait patiently for years before they can really give full rein to their abilities.
But why not employers recognize ability and reward it justly? If the young are more able, more determined, more hard- working, why shouldn’t they earn more?
管理与决策(16)
WHY I CHOOSE MBA
Why have I chosen to be an MBA? –a question I have put to myself many times. But the answer is always the same: continuing education is something I truly want and it is worthwhile. There are many reasons for my choosing to be an MBA. The main one is that I enjoy learning and gaining knowledge.
I decided to bee an MBA not only because it is a way that can support my continuing to seek scientific truths, but also it is an essential choice for me to be exposed to various new, original ideas. It helps to expand my horizons and make me a well-rounded person.
For these reasons, I never think postgraduate education is a waste of time & money.
管理与决策(17)
Managers & Decisions
A decision is a choice made from among alternative courses of action available .The purpose of making a decision is to establish & achieve organizational goals and objectives. Thus the decision-making process is fundamental to management .
Almost everything a manager does involves decisions. Indeed, we can say that the management process is decision-making . Although managers cannot predict the future, many of their decisions require that they consider possible future events. So managers must make a best guess at what the future will be & look toward the future consequences of current decisions.
For managers, every decision has constraints based on policies, procedures, laws precedents(先例), and the like, At this managerial level ,decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying them.
管理与决策(18)
TASKS OF PRODUCTION MANAGERS
Managers of the prodution function are responsible for three major activeties.
First, production managers must make plans for production inputs. This involves determing the inputs required in the firm’s operntions & includes such decisions as product planning plant location, etc
Second, production managers must make decisions about the installation of the necessary inputs.
These include the actual design of the plant, the best types of machines to be used, the arrange-ment of the production machinery & the determination of the most efficient flow of work in the plant.
Third, production managers must coordinate the production processes: the routing of materials of the right places, the development of work schedules & the assignment of work to specific employees. The objective is to promote efficiency.
管理与决策(19)
HOW TO BE A SUCCESSFUL ENTREPRENEUR?
When we think of entrepreneurs, most of us imagine dynamic over-achievers like Bill Gates of Microsoft. But how to a successful entrepreneurs?
According to experts, these are three crucial ponents for a successful new venture: the opportunity, the entrepreneur, & the resources needed to stary thr pany & make it grow. The opportunity is the idea for a business into a business; Rresources include money, people & skill.
Among them, the critical ingredient is entrepreneurs. They me supposed to begin with visioning & goal-setting, so that they can develop a clear picture of who they me, where they are going & what they need to do to get there.
作文三:《社会热点话题》3800字
社会热点话题
1、应该为三点提纲,但是通常以两点提纲出现的题目居多,所涉及主题 为当时社会热点;
2、如果是两点提纲,则补充成三点提纲写作。
3、通常模式为:现象概述 --细节(原因、危害、方式等) --自我评论 2002年 12月 (CET-4)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a position on the topic It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 100 words according to the outline given below in Chinese.
1. 当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象 2. 诚实利人利已,做人应该诚实 It pays to Be Honest
Although honesty is believed to be a virtue, there are still dishonest people in our society. For example, some businessmen sell fake product to their consumers; some students cheat in the exams.
Dishonest people are short-sighted. Those who sell fake products may make money at first, but consumers won’t buy their products any more. As a result, they will lose their fortune or even be sent to prison. By contrast, honest people gain a lot. Those who always tell truth or keep to their promise not only let others trust them but gain respect from other people as well. Such persons are sure to have a lot of good friends. Because they are trustable and respectable, everyone is eager to make friends with them. Besides, it is easier for a person with a good record to get a good job. Generally speaking, every employer wants his employees to be honest. So we can say that anyone who is honest will be paid back later.
In a word, honesty wins trust, respect and honor. So it is important that we should be honest.
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below:
1. 名校校园正成为旅游新热点
2. 校园是否应对游客开放,人们看法不同
3. 我认为 ……
Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?
Nowadays, many famous university campuses have bee one of the popular tourist attractions. It has been shown on TV and on the radio that every year thousands and thousands of middle school students visit Tsing Hua University and Peking University and other famous universities in China.
Different people have different opinions about this phenomenon. On the one hand, some people argued that it is a good thing for the students to visit the famous university campus in that it can enable the middle students to get more information
about the university and they can have enough time and opportunity to prepare them with the chance to get into the university. On the other hand, some people hold a negative view about this because public tourism will not only do harm to the environment but also to the intellectual atmosphere.
In my opinion, the tourism to the universities is not a good thing. The campus is mainly a place for study. With the increasing tourism on the campus, it will ruin the spiritual atmosphere in this learning field.
2004年 1月 (CET-6)
Reduce Waste on Campus
1. 有些大学校园浪费现象日益严重
2. 浪费的危害
3. 杜绝浪费 , 从我做起
As is known to all, waste on campus has bee a more and more serious problem. We can easily see many students dump a lot of food in the garbage can. Some students spend thousands of yuan buying fashionable clothes and so on.
The negative effects of waste can be shown in the following aspects. In the first place, it makes some students dependent on their parents for money, which is harmful to their development. If they don't learn to support themselves, they will be “useless people” when they graduate. In the second place, it is not easy for our parents to arrange for our schooling. Last but not the least important, there is no denying the fact that our country is still poor. There are many people who cannot go to university and many poor people still need our help.
As far as I am concerned, I should set a good example to reduce waste on campus. First of all, I will refrain from wasting anything, from food to stationery. What's more, I'm determined to call on more schoolmates to fight against waste. Only through these measures can we hope to reduce waste on campus.
作文四:《社会热点话题》2300字
酒后驾车
2008年世界卫生组织的事故调查显示,大约50%—60%的交通事故与酒后驾驶有关,酒后驾驶1已经被列为车祸致死的主要原因。在中国,每年由于酒后驾车引发的交通事故达数万起;而造成死亡的事故中50%以上都与酒后驾车有关,酒后驾车的危害触目惊心,已经成为交通事故的第一大“杀手”。2010年8月,十一届全国人大常委会第十六次会议将首次审议刑法修正案(八)草案,醉酒驾驶或被判刑。
根据调查表明,40%的酒后驾车者“过高地相信自己的驾驶技术”。这类驾车者认为自己酒量大,开车技术过硬,总想用酒后驾车来“炫耀”自己的技术,结果造成险象环生。27%的酒后驾车者的“安全意识不强” 。
此外,酒后驾驶者存往往存在“侥幸心理”,认为自己以前饮酒驾驶从来没有出过事,也没有被抓过,而且也经常看到其他人酒后驾驶,于是便侥幸酒后驾驶,造成惨剧。有了以上思想作怪,驾驶者往往把酒后开车不当回事,使酒后驾驶屡禁不止。
喝酒时酒精的刺激使人兴奋,在不知不觉中就会喝多,当酒精在人体血液内达到一定浓度时,人对外界的反应能力及控制能力就会下降,处理紧急情况的能力也随之下降。对于酒后驾车者而言,其血液中酒精含量越高,发生撞车的几率越大。
当驾驶者血液中酒精含量达80mg/100mL时,发生交通事故的几率是血液中不含酒精时的2.5倍;达到100mg/100mL时,发生交通事故的几率是血液中不含酒精时的4.7倍。即使在少量饮酒的状态下,交通事故的危险度也可达到未饮酒状态的2倍左右。
根据国家质量监督检验检疫局发布的《车辆驾驶人员血液、呼气酒精含量阈值与检验》(GB19522—2004) 中规定,该规定指出,饮酒驾车是指车辆驾驶人员血液中的酒精含量大于或者等于20mg/100ml,小于80mg/100ml的驾驶行为。醉酒驾车是指车辆驾驶人员血液中的酒精含量大于或者等于80mg/100ml的驾驶行为。
人们在喝酒过后,对驾驶车辆有两项很重要的影响: (一)视觉能力变差:一般人在平常状态下的外围视界可达180度,酒后的视觉角度将会缩减,喝越多,就越无法看清旁边的景物。 (二)运动反射神经迟钝:慢了一两秒。如车速为60km/h,一秒钟车子就已经跑了16.67米,必然会产生严重后果。
避免方法:
1. 安装车载防酒后驾驶系统:在车上安装能自动识别喝酒高峰时间段,能防止驾驶人检测作弊的防酒后驾驶系统,若超过国家标准汽车则无法启动。
2. 国家法律提供支援:国家提供酒后驾车相关限制管理法律条文,交通管理部门应借鉴国外方式对有酒驾记录人员实施强制安装防酒后驾驶系统。
3. 提供“酒后代驾”服务:餐饮娱乐场所为客人开设“酒后代驾”服务,或由政府开通“酒后代驾”服务专线。
4. 免收酒后过夜停车费:餐饮娱乐场所免收酒后客人的车辆过夜停车费,支持客人在酒后主动放弃驾驶。
5. 在酒标酒单上印制警示令:将“酒后不驾车”的宣传语、漫画等印在酒瓶的商标上及餐饮娱乐场所的酒水单上。
6. 履行社会服务令:除国家规定的处罚外,酒后驾车者还要到医院做义工。
7. 避免侥幸心理:消除人们“少喝酒不影响开车”的认识误区,剖析酒精对驾车者的影响和危害,警示人们放弃侥幸心理。
8. 配备“车德”卡:在每辆车上配一张“车德”卡,每次被查到酒驾就在“车德卡”上做一个记号,实现社会共同监督。
9. 录制亲情提示音:录下孩子童声“爸爸,喝酒别开车,我和妈妈在家等你”作为手机定时提醒录音,从晚上7时开始,每小时提醒1次。
10. 为醉酒者友情叫车:为醉酒者(不论是朋友还是陌生人)叫辆出租车。
11. 发挥车友会的作用:由车友俱乐部向全体车友发出倡议避免酒后驾车,车友之间互相监督。
违法行为:
公安部2009年12月17日正式对外公布了新修改的《机动车驾驶证申领和使用规定》。此次修改中的一大亮点就是加强驾驶人源头管理,对部分驾驶人主观过错大、严重影响道路交通安全、扰乱道路交通秩序的交通违法行为提高记分分值,加大对交通违法行为的处罚力度。 ——将饮酒后驾驶机动车,在高速公路上倒车、逆行、掉头,使用伪造、变造机动车牌证3种违法行为,由一次记6分调整为记12分。 ——对违反禁令标志、禁止标线指示违法行为的记分分值由2分提高至3分。 ——新增遇前方机动车停车排队或者缓慢行驶时,借道超车或者占用对面车道、穿插等候车辆,以隐瞒、欺骗手段补领机动车驾驶证和机动车在高速公路或城市快速路上遇交通拥堵,占用应急车道行驶等3类违法行为记分。
在提高严重交通违法行为记分分值的同时,针对目前交通违法行为记分项目偏多、重点不突出等问题,进一步扩大轻微交通违法警告教育面,减少了交通违法行为的记分项目,取消对“低能见度气象条件下在高速公路上不按规定行驶”等12类交通违法行为的记分处理,合并了9种项目。将上道路行驶的机动车未悬挂机动车号牌与故意遮挡、污损、不按规定安装机动车号牌、饮酒后驾驶与醉酒后驾驶机动车等9种性质类似、分值相同的交通违法行为的记分合并;降低“货车载物超过核定载质量30%以上或者违反规定载客”等违法行为的记分分值。
据了解,调整后违法记分项目由47项减为38项,其中,一次记12分的6项,记6分的9项,记3分的11项,记2分的8项,记1分的4项。 与此同时,本次修改进一步细化驾驶人补领机动车驾驶证的相关规定,杜绝恶意补领机动车驾驶证违法行为,对违反规定继续使用的,由公安机关交通管理部门处以20元以上200元以下罚款,并收回原驾驶证。同时,规定驾驶证被依法扣押、扣留或者暂扣期间,驾驶人不得申请补领。对采用隐瞒、欺骗手段补领驾驶证的,由公安机关交通管理部门处以200元以上500元以下罚款,记6分,并收回补领的驾驶证。
作文五:《社会热点话题》1300字
社会热点话题
2007-6-16 11:26:00 阅读次数: 147
I 社会热点话题
1. Host the Best Olympiad in Beijing 举办世界最好的奥运会
2. Significance of Wildlife Protection 拯救野生生物的意义
3. Importance of Social Skills 素质的重要性
4. Wipe out Fake Products 消灭假冒伪劣产品
5. Buying Things Made in China 购买中国产品
6. Money and Honor 金钱与荣誉
7. No Smoking in Public Areas 公共场合不准吸烟
8. Quit Liquor Drinking 少喝点酒
9. Gaps Between Rich and Poor 贫富之间的差距
10.The Successful Interview 成功的面试
11.Restore Honesty to Our Life 生活需要更多的真诚
12.Dogs as Pets 养狗的利弊
13.Some Small Fires that Help Us in the Home日常用火 14.E-mail 电子邮件
15.Computer—Our Electronic Brain 个人电脑
16.Reach Out and Touch Someone电话
17.Is Hardship a Bad Thing? 艰苦是坏事吗?
18.Value of Self-Confidence 自信的价值
19.Get Involved in Competition 参与竞争 20.Who Take Care of Old Parents?谁来赡养老爸老妈? 21.Value of Thrift 节约的价值
22.Save Every Drop of Water 节约每一滴水
23.Care for Our Community爱护公共财物
24.Saving Food Is a Virtue节约食品是美德
25.Internet Surfing 因特网冲浪
26.On Independence 谈自立
27.Dating on Campus 校园里的恋爱
28.Part-Time Job on Campuses 谈勤工俭学
29.Finding a Good Job 找个理想的工作
30.Certificates or Sound Education? 技能证书比学位更重要吗?
31.My Childhood 我的童年
32.My Hometown我的家乡
33.My Favorite Activities 我喜爱的活动
34.Tea—My Favorite Drink 我最喜爱的饮料——茶
35.Opportunity and Success 成功与机遇
36.Gap Between Chinese Cities and Countryside 城乡人均收入的差距 37.Value of Knowledge 知识的价值
38.Major Causes of Road Accidents 交通事故的主要原因 39.Happiness Is an Attitude 幸福取决于态度
作文六:《社会热点话题》10100字
2012年上半年社会热点问题
热点 1:据华商报报道, 1月 20日,宝鸡高新区部分环卫工人受到市 级领导慰问,每人获得 300元红包。慰问结束后,红包被环卫部门负 责人收回。 有关人员事后解释称, 参加活动的环卫工人此前已经发了 300元奖金,所以不能重复发放。
20日上午,宝鸡市民刘先生从高新区路过时,恰好赶上节前领 导慰问环卫工人。“人很多,当时领导还给环卫工人发慰问金了。” 但让刘先生不解的是, 活动结束后, 环卫工人手里的红包又被收了回 去。据他了解,收红包的人姓马,是环卫部门的“负责人”,“这种 做法太过分了,明显是在作秀嘛!”
当日下午, 记者联系到几名参加了上午活动的环卫工人, 他们称, “此前活动中每人收到的 300元慰问金的确是被负责人现场收回去 了,她姓马。”
20日傍晚,记者电话联系到收钱的“负责人”马女士,并以环 卫工人家属的身份询问此事。 据了解, 马女士是宝鸡市高新区管委会 下属的环卫部门的负责人。
“ 300元慰问金此前都一起发了,领导慰问金是高新区管委会准 备的,所以要收回来, (慰问金 ) 不能重复得。”马女士说,虽然红包 被收回来了, 但不能说是领导慰问的钱没给大家, 是因为临时有变化 才在活动中发了又收。她说,此前市级领导来慰问,原本要组织一些 尚未拿到 300元慰问金的环卫工参加, 但因为所有环卫工人的慰问金 之前都发放了。所以就临时组织了 3组环卫工人代表来接受领导慰
问,涉及数十人。
热点 2:河南平顶山的“天价过路费案”本月刚刚审结,鄂尔多斯又 曝出了一宗 “天价羊毛衫案” 湖南农民李清因卖了几个月的假冒 “鄂 尔多斯”、 “恒源祥”羊毛衫,被鄂尔多斯市中级人民法院以假冒注 册商标罪判处有期徒刑 5年,并处罚金 2151万元。(《广州日报》 12月 27日)
一段时间以来发生的诸多制假、售假事件,让公众对于制假者、 售假者深恶痛绝,但是,罚金高达 2151万元的 “天价羊毛衫案”一 曝光,还是让我感到吃惊, 因为在我印象中,似乎少有此类售假案判 决如此之高的罚金,仔细 分析 案情,更让我感觉案件处理值得商榷。 法院对李清处以 2151万元的天价罚金,源于公安机关在李清店 里“扣押所有羊毛衫的吊牌标价共计 43013364元”,法院遂按照有 关司法解释中 “罚金数额一般在违法所得的一倍以上五倍以下, 或者 按照非法经营数额的 50%以上一倍以下确定”的规定,作出判罚,这 似乎有法律依据。 然而, 按照被告律师的说法, “他实际销售几个月, 一共才 6万元的货品, 盈利才 1万元” , 李清家属也称 “吊牌价 1680元每件只卖 50多元;吊牌价 2180元每件卖 150多元”。
这就涉及非法经营数额计算问题, 法院用吊牌价来计算, 实际上, 李清的销售价远远低于这个价格。而按照相关司法解释的规定, “已 销售的侵权产品的价值,按照实际销售的价格计算。制造、储存、运 输和未销售的侵权产品的价值, 按照标价或者已经查清的侵权产品和 实际销售平均价格计算。 侵权产品没有标价或者无法查清其实际销售
价格的,按照被侵权产品的市场中间价格计算”。也就是说,法院首 先应当查清实际销售价格, 而不能直接就适用吊牌价来计算非法经营 数额。
从常理上讲, 李清的说法更可信。 因为中国人都有些讨价还价的 习惯,标出的价格往往比实际卖出的价格要高,而且,他卖的还是假 冒的产品,卖出的价格完全可能更低一些。更重要的是,据李清自己 说,去年 12月 15日公安办案人员曾扣押了其两台电脑主机和账本, 里面详细记录了每件羊毛衫的实际销售价格, 但这些账本和电脑并没 有移交给法院。然而,公安机关并不承认存在这一情况,这让案件更 加扑朔迷离。事实上,即便没有这些账本,公安机关通过询问购买羊 毛衫的顾客也可以印证李清的说法, 为何要直接就适用吊牌价来计算 呢?
单就这一案件而言,我认为相关执法者和司法者不仅有悖常识, 且有“懒政”之嫌。执法者、司法者并不是生活在真空中,他们需要 通过常识判断事实真相是什么, 进而努力查找证据, 最大限度地给予 被告人公正处罚,让其罚当其罪。然而,从这个案件中,我们似乎并 没有看到相关执法者与司法者查找证据的努力, 而是臵吊牌价与实际 销售价可能的巨大差异于不顾,执意机械地适用对于被告人不利的 “吊牌价”。
这一案件, 在某种程度上也凸显了运动式执法的遗憾。 卖假羊毛 衫要打击, 但是, 毕竟它的社会危害性并没有那些食品制假来得严重, 而我们似乎并未看到对于食品制假有过如此严厉的处罚。两相对照,
则不免让人觉得, 这样严厉的处罚对于李清来说并不公平, 对于遏制 制假、售假也未必能起多大作用。早在二百多年前,意大利刑法学先 驱贝卡利亚就曾经说过:“刑罚的力量不在于严酷性,而在于其必定 性,即便是最小的恶果,一旦成为无可逃遁的,就总是令人心悸。 ” 如果我们只满足于专项行动中抓小虾米, 并不惜重手将其致于死 地,而不是致力常态执法, 将矛头对准吞舟之鱼,那么执法者的公正 性就会让观者觉得打了折扣,很难服众。
热点 3:2011年 12月 29日网友透露广东省公安厅出入境政务服务网 的网上申请数据亦遭泄露, 由于该功能的权限控制错误, 导致普通用 户可以绕过登录环节, 直接访问后台查看数据, 在该网站提交过网上 申请的用户均遭到泄密
当今社会中, 网络用户越来越多, 同时也就催生了黑客们谋取暴 利的途径,致使大量的网上用户的信息被盗取成为暴利的主要产品。 而面对这样的高发利益链,就会让越来越多的黑客一族们雀雀欲试, 通过利用自己的技术手段获取网络用户信息,再用他们获得高额报 酬。 另一方面, 针对网络用户信息被泄露的一些互联网公司是否会采 取相应的措施或是正面回应用户信息泄露一事都显得不那么积极。 而 一些互联网公司敢于承认遭黑客袭击泄露了网络用户信息, 还有一些 互联网公司或是为了避免责任则予以否认。 无论网络用户的信息是通 过怎样的途径泄露出去的, 提供网络服务的公司都应该承担相应的责 任,从而保证互联网用户的信息安全。
近日来,网络用户信息、密码等频频被曝遭遇泄露,自 12月 25
日下午消息, 天涯社区密码泄露, 这是继 21日 CSDN 的用户数据库泄 露,多家 SNS 、游戏网站遭泄露之后,又爆出的一批名单。这两天, 各大网站纷纷通知自己的用户修改密码。 26日凌晨,有人爆料新浪 微博用户密码也遭泄露,随后消息被删除,但用户不禁噤若寒蝉。如 今,包括 CSDN 、人人网、多玩游戏、 7K7K 小游戏和天涯社区等大批 网站的用户资料已经泄露。 据初步评估, 目前网上公开暴露的网络账 户密码有超过 1亿个。黑客究竟掌握了自己多少秘密 ? 下一份名单什 么时候被释放出来 ? 无人能给出答案。
面对越来越多的网络用户信息泄密事件, 监管部门应尽快的采取 相应的应对措施, 提高网路用户的信息安全指数, 确保网络用户的信 息安全。 同时针对大量盗取网络用户信息的黑客一族的们要严加防守 严厉打击, 加大对这种利用技术手段谋取暴利的手段的惩处, 或以相 应的立法来约束这种盗取牟利行为, 从而净化网络信息, 还网络用户 们一个安全的网络环境。
网络用户信息安全理应得到更多的重视, 不管是提供上网的互联 网公司, 还是网络用户自己, 还是监管网络安全的相关部门都应各尽 其职确保网络用户安全, 切记不可使用推皮球式的免责声明, 否则会 有更多的黑客一族涌现出来, 盗取更多的网络用户信息从中谋取更多 的利益。
热点 4: 2011年,全国 1000家公益慈善组织的透明度平均得分是 33分(按百分制计算)。 8%的受调查公众对公益慈善组织的信息公开状 况表示满意,这一比例与 2010年的 9%相比,略有下降; 84%受访者
表示不满意。
这一“成绩单”,来自民政部下属的中民慈善捐助信息中心昨天 发布的《 2011年度中国慈善透明度报告》。在慈善透明指数排名前 100名的公益慈善组织中, 上海真爱梦想公益基金会 (非公募 ) 居榜首, 其次是中国人口福利基金会 (公募 ) , 中国红十字基金会 (公募 ) 位居第 三。
慈善事业今年经历了“郭美美”、尚德诈捐门等系列慈善危机。 报告称,续半年之久的媒体 “透明问责风暴”中暴露出来的一系列的 涉及公益慈善组织的社会公共事件,将“慈善透明”这一行业和专业 问题推到了社会公众面前,成为本年度中国的最大社会热点问题之 一。
在此背景下,中民慈善中心的研究团队,对全国 1000家各类公 益慈善组织开展信息公开的完整性、及时性、准确性和易得性考察。 中民慈善捐助信息中心副主任刘佑平坦言,如果及格线是平均分 33分, 今年考察的 1000家公益慈善组织, 及格率为 48%左右 ; 如果以 60分为及格线,及格率仅为 8.2%。今年是中民慈善捐助信息中心第三 次发布“年度中国慈善透明报告”,调查样本包括 1000家公益慈善 组织和社会公众。
■ 疑问
33分是否意味中国慈善很差
专家称,应从募捐能力等方面判断慈善组织工作水平
“慈善透明指数”体系由四方面内容构成,完整性 (59个指标,满分
70分 ) 、及时性 (5个指标,满分 10分 ) 、准确性 (3个指标,满分 10分 ) 、易得性 (4个指标,满分 10分 ) 、共包含 71个指标,总分为 100分。 此次中国 1000家公益慈善组织平均得分为 33分, 是否意味中国 慈善工作做得很差呢 ? 对此,中民慈善捐助信息中心主任彭建梅指 出, 慈善信息公开的透明度, 只是公益慈善组织的发展评估的一个方 面。慈善组织做得好不好, 还要看它的募捐能力、资源是否有合理配 臵、慈善项目执行效果等诸多方面。当然,透明度反应了一个慈善组 织的基本能力。
中民慈善捐助信息中心副主任刘佑平也同时提醒, 公众更应该关 注慈善信息公开的“效力” ,即信息披露对资源配臵的作用究竟有多 大。也就是说, 透明度提高,怎样转化为一个公益慈善组织的募捐效 率和行为规范的直接推动力。
因此,《 2010年度中国慈善透明度报告》也向政府提出建议, 政府对慈善公益组织的成长,应有实质支持。
■ 前瞻
慈善信息公开有望立法规范
民政部明年有望出台《慈善捐助信息公开管理办法》
本月中旬,民政部公布酝酿两年的《公益慈善捐助信息公开指引》, 引发社会关注, 其中规定:公益慈善组织接收日常捐赠后的公开时限 为 15个工作日 ; 重大事件募捐信息,应在 72小时内公开。
不过,该《指引》因无强制性条款和罚则,也引发公众对规范执行效 果的疑虑。
民政部社会福利和慈善事业促进司副司长徐建中昨日表示,《指引》 是一个慈善行业的指导性文件, 民政部将在此基础上, 继续征集社会 各界的意见和建议,研究制订《慈善捐助信息公开管理办法》,作为 部颁规章,从立法角度,对慈善信息公开,进行刚性规范,有强制效 力要求行业内所有公益慈善组织执行。
他透露,由于行业法规需要经过一系列立法程序,所需时间较长。民 政部争取在明年出台该《办法》。
徐建中还透露,明年,民政部会推动慈善行业信息公开标准的建立, 告诉公益慈善组织,哪些信息须及时公开,哪些信息公众最关注,为 公益慈善组织开展信息公开, 提供自我评估的依据和工具, 实现慈善 信息公开的可行性和可操作性。
■ 分析
透明度上升满意度下降
对 2010年亦有考察的 99家公益慈善组织跟踪监测显示,今年, 这些组织的透明度明显提高 4个百分点。 但同时, 公众对公益慈善组 织“透明”情况的满意度,却下降了 1个百分点。
调查显示, 84%的受调查公众,对慈善透明度,表示不满意。不满意 的主要表现, 是认为公益慈善组织的财务信息 (如年度财务报告 ) 和业 务信息 (如目前募捐合作伙伴、 募捐工作成本及开支 ) , 披露不够及时、 完整。
中民慈善中心 分析 认为,造成上述结果的原因,一方面与今年持 续的慈善问责风暴,和网民对整个社会诚信的质疑情绪漫延有关 ; 另
一方面,也说明包括捐赠人、受益人在内的社会公众权利意识、问责 意识提高较快, 微博等新媒体技术更推动了要求信息最大化和不断追 问的社会气氛, 而公益慈善组织的透明建设速度, 赶不上公众对慈善 信息公开的需求进步。
八成公众想了解财务信息
公众对慈善组织的信息的关注点上,也有所变化。 84%的公众希 望了解财务信息, 82%的人还希望了解业务信息。而去年分别是 73%和 79%。
由此看以看出, 与往年相比, 公众更加关注公益慈善组织的财务 信息 (如机构人力及行政成本、 审计报告等 ) 和业务信息 (如求助信息、 筹款活动、资金使用情况等 ) 。这说明网络公众对信息的核心内容关 注度越来越高,公众的对公益慈善信息的专业性也在提高。
而对 1000家公益慈善组织样本的监测显示,公益慈善组织在以上四 个方面,基本信息表现最好,业务信息次之,治理信息和财务信息较 差。
报告指出, 与公众的要求相比, 公益慈善行业的整体表现仍有较 大差距。
80家慈善组织主动晒账本
郭美美事件、 河南宋基会事件, 都带来公众对公益慈善组织财务 状况的担忧。捐款会不会被挪用,甚至从事其他无关的商业投资 ? 《 2011年度中国慈善透明度报告》显示, 99家固定监测公益慈善组 织,在上述核心信息的披露方面,已有较大进步。其中,财务信息披
露的进步最大,透明指数提高 26.9分。也就是说,有更多组织完整 披露了自己的年度财务报告,也就是“晒账本”,告诉公众“钱究竟 花在哪儿,怎么花的”。
热点 5:微博发言,匿名好还是实名好?有不同看法很正常。如果从 群体心理学的角度看, 或许还会有一番新的认识。 互联网特别是微博 的发展,对不同“心理群体”的形成提供了环境和条件。
心理学家的研究早就表明,在心理群体形成之后,他们的感情、 思想和行为变得与他们单独一人时颇为不同。 法国著名心理学家勒庞 对此有不少发人深省之论:从成为群体的一员开始, 博学之士便和白 痴一起失去了观察能力。心理群体易冲动、易变和急躁,易受暗示和 轻信,道德水平十分低劣。 群体中的某个人对真相的第一次歪曲,是 传染性暗示过程的起点。 在暗示和相互传染的推动下, 一个人编造的 奇迹,立刻就会被所有的人接受。群体推理的特点,是把彼此不同, 只在表面上相似的事物搅在一起, 并且立刻把具体的事物普遍化。 知 道如何操纵群体的人,给他们提供的也正是这种论证。
不少人的发言,听起来激情四射,头头是道,但仔细琢磨,却发 现没有内在逻辑关联,得不出那样的结论。然而,心理群体往往忽略 这种 “琢磨” , 全盘接受。 在匿名状态下, 这种群体心理效应被放大。 匿名,无异于给发言者以隐身衣,同时给其放纵自己、传播谣言、歪 曲真相提供了便利。 这就是为什么留言板上有很多露骨恶心的色情表 达和完全无聊无耻的攻击谩骂, “地震” “谣盐”之说瞬间让社会出 现恐慌。
舆论学有一个重要概念叫“沉默的螺旋”,是指“已有的多数人 的舆论对少数人意见无形的压力, 形成一方公开疾呼而另一方越发沉 默的螺旋式过程,于是更为强大的舆论生成。”在一定意义上说,这 正是群体心理发生作用的过程。最终形成的“舆论漩涡”或舆论一边 倒现象,正是群体心理的一个重要特点。
这种群体心理, 既可以对社会发展起到正向作用, 也可能对社会 进步产生负向的力。这种力量,从根本上说非理性的成分居多,而社 会进步还是要靠理性的建设性的力量来推动。 然而, 这种群体心理在 现实社会中往往是难以避免的, 更何况在互联网技术条件下?实名制 或有利于祛除匿名发言者的隐身衣,削弱这种群体心理效应。
尽管心理群体会对一些哪怕是轻微的反驳进行谩骂, 使得一些人 面对“舆论漩涡”而沉默。但是,真正清醒理性的声音,还是能够较 大地减弱群体心理效应, 使舆论回到理性的轨道。 这也就是勒庞所说 的:有时只消一句悦耳的言辞或一个被及时唤醒的形象, 便可以阻止 群体最血腥的暴行。
热点 6:因为小楠与同学说话间骂了邻班梁老师一句“彪子”,被梁 老师要求道歉。虽然父母委曲求全,提出在全校师生面前公开道歉, 仍未获同意, 只好按照梁老师的意思, 花 260元在报纸上登了一封公 开道歉信。 (2011年 12月 12日《大连晚报》 )
“登报道歉”能拔高师道尊严吗
“彪子” , 在山东部分地区以及大连、 丹东等地用来形容一个人很傻。 作为一个老师, 被学生这么说心里不舒服可以理解, 但咄咄逼人使得
学生家长花钱登报道歉,就有些过分了。
尽管对这位老师的做法心里有气, 还是不想再说太多气话。 这位 老师接受采访时称,小楠骂他时,很多学生都听见了,为了维护自己 的尊严,小楠必须道歉。不难看出,这位老师过于在乎自己的尊严。 当然,人都渴望有尊严,何况是为人师表的老师。但是,难道除了学 生“必须道歉”,就没别的办法维护师道尊严了吗 ?
学生之所以骂老师“彪子”,也不是不懂得维护老师的尊严,而 是因为学校收费一个班级收了 30元钱, 另一个班级收了 30.5元, 这 让学生很不理解。按道理, 老师应该搞清楚学生骂自己的根源,让学 生了解事情的真相, 再作出合理的解释, 这不仅是老师的责任和义务, 也是令学生尊重,拔高师道尊严的路径。
这位老师的做法, 同时暴露出一些教师的思想短板——他们没有 树立与学生交流的观念,还习惯居高临下对学生下令。也正因如此, 便得理不饶人,心里只有“师道尊严”,而忘记了对象是个正接受教 育的孩子,忘记了“大人不计小人过”的谦逊,不仅不能拔高师道尊 严,反而会让自己变成实在的“彪子”。□贺成
从“登报道歉”看分裂的师生关系
无论站在哪个角度出发,似乎都会发现“登报道歉”其实是当今 教育乱象的一个缩影,背后呈现出来的,是分裂的师生关系。
就部分教师而言,他们不是把“老师”当做一份事业、一种信仰,而 是谋生的工具、向上层流动的砝码。在教学过程中简略地完成任务, 在利益和权力面前,没有自己的底线。他们不教学生做人,甚至认为
工资才是维系师生的惟一纽带。 这种畸形的自我定位, 导致老师心中 没有“以学生为本”概念。
就部分学生而言,在家是独生子女,天下唯我独尊,缺乏基本的 道德素养,对任何人都不屑一顾,不把老师放在眼里,辱骂、顶撞老 师。在他们眼中,没有“一日为师终生为父”理念,老师就是一个该 为自己服务的工作人员。在此番语境下,尊重与敬仰从何谈起 ? 错乱的自身定位, 让老师与学生在两条道路上渐行渐远。 “登报道歉” 也正是师生关系分裂演化的产物。 试想, 如果老师能够多给学生一些 爱的教育, 让他们明白师道尊严, 如果学生能够认识到自己的学生身 份,对老师、对学业多一份尊重,这种乱象定不会上演。
热点 7:近日,北京市出台《北京市微博客发展管理若干规定》,要 求任何组织或者个人注册微博客账号, 应当使用真实身份信息; 规定 允许用户的微博名称不必实名,即“前台自愿、后台实名”。网站开 展微博客服务,应当保证注册用户信息真实。据统计,截止到 2012年 11月底,中国微博账户已增长到 3.2亿,约占中国网民的 65%。 微博已经超越网络论坛,成为仅次于新闻媒体报道的第二大舆情源 头。随着微博发展,微博在信息传播中发挥着越来越大的影响力。但 同时,在微博发展过程中 , 也出现了传播谣言和虚假信息、买卖“粉 丝”、利用微博进行欺诈等突出问题。这都损害了公共利益和公众利 益 , 引起网站、 用户和公众的不满 , 社会各方强烈呼吁加强和规范微博 管理 , 保障互联网健康发展。北京市出台这一规定,无疑正是对公众 这一呼吁的直接回应。规定甫一出台,就引起网上热议。有人说,微
博实名注册让人欢喜让人愁。 笔者认为, 有必要弄清楚谁欢喜谁发愁。 实名注册使得每一个微博账户都对应一个真实的身份信息, 让微博少 了虚拟性, 多了些真实性, 这意味着每个用户必须对自己在微博上的 言行负责。对这样一项切合用户“社会责任”应有之义的新举措,哪 些人会愁呢?笔者认为, 愁的是那些妄图用通过微博传播谣言以蛊惑 公众、 在网上制造舆论事端的人; 愁的是那些妄图利用微博制造和传 播虚假信息以污蔑、 攻击竞争对手的人; 愁的是那些制造虚假微博账 户并倒卖“粉丝” 以从中牟利的人;愁的是那些通过微博传播色情暴 力、进行坑蒙拐骗的人。微博实名注册会减少微博上的虚假和欺骗, 阻止谣言和虚假信息的产生和散布, 对遏制虚假和有害信息通过微博 传播、营造诚信健康的网络环境将产生积极效果。因此,那些希望通 过微博获取真实信息、 进行正常交流的人, 必然会因这样的规定而欢 喜。公信力是媒体的生命。 一个充斥着谣言和虚假信息的媒体,无法 得到公众的认可和接受。 实名注册能够减少不负责任的言论、 净化微 博环境,让微博传播更可信的、更高质量的信息,让微博朝向更优质 的媒介发展进化。 因此,实名注册会增强微博作为媒介的权威性,营 造诚信健康的网络环境。 笔者相信, 这正是绝大多数微博用户所希望 的。 同时, 实名注册也对注册用户信息保密提出了很高的要求。 在此, 笔者也希望用户身份信息认证机构、开展微博服务的网站,在人员、 技术等方面务必严格管理, 打消用户身份信息被泄密的顾虑。 北京市 这一规定的颁布实施, 在规范微博发展上迈出了坚实的一步。 只有用 户、服务和管理各方共同努力,才能使中国互联网顺着健康、诚信、
文明的道路发展下去。
热点 8:教育部网站发出公告,将首次面向海内外公开选拔东北师范 大学和西南财经大学两所直属高校校长。对此,学者们是矛盾心态, 一方面,认为面向全球公选大学校长,是一大值得肯定的创举;另一 方面, 又担心如果后续改革不能跟上的话, 则可能使这件好事流于形 式。(《中国新闻网》 1月 4日)
虽然教育部直接发全球公开选拔的公告, 之前似乎没有见到。 但 公立大学自发公告,全球公选副校长、院长的新闻,或者广告,还是 时常见诸报端的。 但其后的结果, 也基本可以预料, 缺乏后续 “新闻” , 公选变成了实质的提拔。 这些公选出来的校领导, 也顺理成章变成了 有级别、纳入公务员管理的体制内官员。
学者们之所以为公开选拔叫好, 是对教育去行政化抱有很强的期 待,因为选拔不等同于提拔,选拔可以提拔,但选拔也可以仅仅是人 岗匹配的一种方式,在其位,有其职,谋其事,不在其位,无其职, 更无级别。同时,选拔,意味着一定程度上的民主,既然可以选拔, 也就当然可以罢免,理应是谁选拔校长,校长对谁负责。提拔则不一 样,强调的是结果上升,而不是过程的民主,是单向的变动,没有退 出的机制,行事的目的,也当然主要是对上负责了。
西方的大学,奉行教授治校,无行政级别,有健全的校董事会制 度, 选校长就与选职业经理人一样, 根本不存在 “提拔” 一说。 因此, 国外高校的校长人选, 要的就是最优秀的, 全球遴选是理所当然的意 思。 因为有完善的制度, 优秀的人才也愿意去当这个 “高级打工仔” ,
因为可以充分施展自己的报复与才华。
我国的大学则不一样,校长不仅是个工作岗位,更是一级官员, 重要的不是权利,而是权力。在我国大学的权力体系中,又往往是错 综复杂的,既有校内党委与行政的纠结、教代会与校长会的纠结,更 有各级政府直接插手的权力干预,校长想实现自己的大学治理蓝图, 不懂中国的“厚黑学”、“官场学”、“中庸学”,不用迂回曲折的 办法,基本上是不可能实现的。新闻喧嚣中的南方科技大学,也没有 还选出一个其他肤色的校长, 朱清时抱着理想而去, 也只能孤独战斗, 这就是最鲜活的一个例子。
同时, 中国的高等教育领域, 还存在奇怪的官方身份标签, “ 985” 、 “ 211”,这不仅是教育投入上的身份论,而且是高校地位的官方结 论。即使海选出一个杰出的、鞠躬尽瘁死而后已的校长,无论如何努 力,也难获得同等的竞争机会,也无力改变高校的“阶层”属性。计 划经济的思维下, 怎么能与市场经济思维下的 “作为全球大学通则的 校长遴选”对接呢?
也就是说,没有大学自治,没有高校的公平竞争机制,无论是教 育部,还是各高校,所谓的公开选拔,实质上都是一样,提拔。这样 背景下的“海内外公开选拔”,对谁最有吸引力,是不言而喻的。国 外一流的职业校长, 基本不会光顾, 即使有诚意, 愿出高额 “转会费” , 别人还害怕砸了自己的招牌,敬而远之。只有那些骨子里“官本位” 浓厚的黄皮肤黑眼睛的华人,趋之若鹜,争破人头。
其结果也就预想而知了,一阵喧嚣之后,官方有了“改革”的尝
试, 当选之人如其所愿被提拔了, 至于大学, 该怎么样, 还是怎么样, 按部就班,回归平静,没有了新闻。说句实话,中国的高校改革,形 式上赶潮流当然需要,但更重要的是要制度革新。没有制度革新,形 式再“潮”,也只不过是穿了一件花衣服的皇帝的新装。
作文七:《社会热点话题》5300字
热点话题一:“范跑跑”事件
热点事件背景剖析:因在地震发生那一刻,弃学生不顾第一个跑出了教室,而后又在论坛里自称“在这种生死抉择的瞬间,只有为了我的女儿我才可能考虑牺牲自我,其他的人,哪怕是 我的母亲,在这种情况下我也不会管的”,来自都江堰光亚学校的教师范美忠被网友形容为本次大地震中“最无耻的教师”;与一位位舍身护住学生的英雄教师相比,网友们送了他“范跑跑”这样一个明显带着讥讽的绰号。而这个事件基本上可以确定本年度十大热点事件的首位,因为其中延伸的社会问题值得我们反思。 命题趋势预测:一般来说,申论考试不会直接考察这个敏感而有争议的事件,而通常会对这个事件所延伸出的社会问题进行考察。“范跑跑”本身作为故事的主人公,其实是无足轻重的。但问题的关键在于这个事件的“快速传播”上,由此我们可以引申出第一个社会问题——网络舆论的监管问题。其次,对于“范跑跑”事件而言,大众批判的焦点大多集中在道德层面,这也延伸出另一个社会问题——公益道德建设问题。
(1) 网络舆论的监管问题
互联网是迄今为止传播信息最自由、最便捷、表达言论的渠道,能在短短十几年内迅速深入到我们寻常百姓家,成为最受大众欢迎的传播工具,不能不说是国民的一大幸事。特别是具有中国特色的众多BBS、留言板、QQ以及庞大博客群 的存在,使得互联网在我国成了最易形成舆论的平台和舆论监督的利器。在这样的平台下,弱势个体也能在众多网民的声援中维护自身权益。网络舆论对于推进我国的民主进程、促进社会公平正义无疑是件好事。但它又是一把“双刃剑”,当网民剑走偏锋、缺少自律时,当网站哗众取宠、利令智昏时,其破坏力也暴露无遗。其实除了“范跑跑”事件外,近来不断上演的“周老虎”、“艳照门”之类的事件,使不少人对网络现状忧心忡忡。
这一次“范跑跑”实际上也可以认为是一次“炒作”,笔者认为,“范跑跑”本身并可能具有多大的破坏力,关键是这种“不道德”的风气可能造成较大的破坏。故而考生可以从以下角度提出对网络舆论监管的对策:(一)从源头上做好监管工作及过滤不良信息。所以应该明确网站的责任,监督网管要认真审查帖子,不让黄色或不良信息流传开来。(二)设立网络警察,加大网警对不良信息打击的力度(三)加大政府职能管理力度,政府及相关立法部门要制定一系列关于网络管理的条例,规范网络行为,为创建健康的网络环境起到积极正面的作用(四)加强对网吧的管理,禁止未成年人留连网吧,定期突击检查,对违规的经营者,处以重罚。(五)加大对家庭健康上网方面的宣传力度。针对私人家庭的网络,提倡安装绿色上网软件,屏蔽不良信息,建立文明上网的理念。
(2) 公益道德建设
实际上,自改革开放以后,我们在公益道德建设方面实际上面临着较大的挑战:(1)外来文化中,资本主义腐朽没落的思想文化和生活方式对国人的负面影响;(2)市场经济自身的特点和消极方面对国人的负面影响;(3)社会生活中某些领域出现的道德失范、诚信缺失现象,某些消极腐败现象以及黄赌毒等各种社会丑恶现象,对国人的负面影响;(4)不良文化和有害信息借助互联网及现代媒体传播,对国人的负面影响。
从对策上看,我们主要可以从以下角度去考虑:
(1)加强文化市场的综合治理,搞好综合整治,切实加强文化市场监督。严厉打击各种传播有害信息、危害国人身心健康的违法行为,健全法律法规,明确执法主体,完善监管体系,把文化市场管理纳 入法制化、科学化、规范化轨道。
(2)加强爱国主义教育建设,戴斌老师认为公益道德建设一定不能脱离爱国主义教育。有关政府宣传部门要构建爱国主义教育基地作为公益道德教育的重要阵地。要不断挖掘新教育内容,改进展示手段,提高参观效果,吸引广大群众参观学习,同时要创造条件对全社会开放,对中小学生、弱势群体的参观实行半票或免票的优惠政策。
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(3)各级宣传部门要把加强和改进公益道德建设作为舆论宣传工作的重要内容,制定周密的宣传报道计划,组织协调各类传媒,广泛进行宣传,积极营造浓厚的舆论氛围。柳广播电视局、电视台要严把播出关,对播出的节目要认真审查,对不适合中国国情的、有害公益道德建设的画面、语言要坚决删除。
(4)加大政策扶持力度,确保公益道德建设工作能顺利开展。各级政府要把涉及公益道德建设的投入,纳入财政预算,并随着财政收入的增长而逐步加大投入力度。按照公益性文化事业由政府主导的原则,把对专用公益性文化体育设施建设的投入纳入文化发展纲要,作出明确规定。要在体育、福利彩票资金中安排一定的资金,用于公益道德建设工作。
(5)建立公益道德建设工作表彰机制,使公益道德建设不仅在思想上受到重视,而且在制度上得到落实。政府每年应对在公益道德建设工作中表现突出的先进单位和个人,并进行表彰,提升广大公益人员的积极性。
热点话题二:华南虎事件
热点事件背景剖析:这两年网络始终处于“多事之秋”,其中最轰动的事件莫过于“华南虎事件”了。整个过程如戏剧般发展:2007年10月12日,陕西林业厅公布了周正龙用数码相机和胶片相机拍摄的华南虎照片。随后,照片真实性受到来自部分网友、华南虎专家、法律界人士和中科院专家等方面质疑。网易网友举报虎照原型系年画。11月26日,网易公布了全套华南虎的数码照片。12月2日晚,来自六个方面的鉴定报告和专家意见汇总到网易,认定照片中的老虎是假老虎。2008年6月29日,周正龙承认虎照是假,13官员被处理。
命题趋势预测:同样,“华南虎事件”也是一个争议性的话题。直接考察的可能性很小,但作为面试题直接考察的可能性就很大,其实像第一个事件“范跑跑”就已经成为了某省的面试素材。对于“华南虎事件”,戴斌老师认为,关键在于其对社会的“深层次影响”。我们细心想一下,当“虎照事件”产生如此广泛的影响,动用如此多的社会资源,当“华南虎事件”在演变过程,从最初的照片真伪之争,上升到对政府、专家、科研机构等方面诚信的怀疑,让人感到社会信任资源的被消解,我们有理由忧心 “虎照事件”弥漫的不信任危机,可能造成的“社会之伤”,不仅是对政府公信力的损害,更是对我们这个行进在建设民主政治进程中的社会的挑战。这里主要延伸出这样一个申论热点——“如何树立正确的政绩观”。
关于政绩观,如果作为申论话题来考察,建议从以下几个角度展开:(1)如何建立科学的政绩考核机制。(2)建立和加强有关的监督机制(3)开展广泛的宣传教育,建立良好的社会氛围。
热点话题三:CPI过高问题(主要涉及副食品价格的调控问题)
社会问题背景分析: CPI过高是目前一个热点话题。这个问题属于国家今年处理得比较好的一个社会问题,对于这类话题,考察的可能性还是比较大的。
随着国家各项调控措施的有效落实,近两个月CPI涨幅出现了回落,但是目前的价格水平仍处于较高的位置。猪肉等农副产品价格的大幅上涨,是本轮CPI持续攀升的主导因素。在上半年“7.9%”的CPI涨幅中,食品价格拉动上涨6.64个百分点。今年以来,我国生猪存栏和出栏都出现了恢复性增长,猪肉价格涨幅同比、环比均出现了逐月回落的态势。但目前仍在高位运行,对CPI的影响不能忽视。从粮食生产来看,全国夏粮连续第五年增产。但夏粮只占粮食总产量的四分之一左右,农资价格高位上涨、天气情况不可预料等因素,都可能影响全年粮食增产。
一、关于该社会问题的解决对策,结合国内的主流观点,主要有以下几点:
(1)切实抓好副食品生产,保障市场供应。各级政府及有关部门要高度重视副食品生产,建立并落实“菜篮子”首长负责制,及时解决农副产品生产、供应、价格和市场管理等方面的问题。要做好产销 2
衔接工作,充分挖掘潜力,及时组织货源,增加市场投放,保证副食品供应,有条件的地区要做好副食品的储备工作,提高对突发事件的应急供应能力。
(2)加强价格监测预警工作,建立完善价格应急预案。各级价格主管部门要继续加强对副食品价格的监测,密切监视市场动态,加强价格监测预警基础建设,形成反应灵敏、协调有序、运转高效的价格应急机制,提高对价格异常波动的应急处理能力。
(3)建立健全价格调节基金制度。为加强政府对市场价格的经济调控手段,要建立健全价格调节基金制度,研究出台《价格调节基金管理办法》,规范征收范围和征收标准。充分发挥价格调节基金在平抑物价、保障供给和扶持弱势群体等方面的积极作用。
(4)清理副食品收费项目,取消或降低部分收费。要对副食品的收费进行全面清理,减轻副食品生产的收费负担,防止乱收费。
(5)安排好城镇低收入群体的生活。要根据副食品价格上涨对居民生活的影响情况,采取提高低保补助标准、专项补贴等措施确保城镇低收入群体生活水平不降低。对大中专院校学生食堂可视情况采取适当补贴措施,保持大中专院校学生食堂饭菜价格的基本稳定。
(6)加强市场、质量和价格监管。工商、质量技术监督、物价等部门要加强市场、质量、价格监管,严厉打击各种不法行为;要增加市场巡查的时间和频率,严肃查处囤积居奇、欺行霸市、串通哄抬物价等扰乱市场秩序的行为。
(7)加强正面舆论引导。各新闻媒体要发挥舆论的正面导向作用,全面准确报道副食品市场供应和物价情况以及价格上涨的原因,反映政府采取的措施。农业、商务、价格等部门要及时发布市场生产、供求、价格信息,正确引导生产和消费。
热点话题四:北京奥运的举办——延伸出旅游市场的秩序问题
社会问题背景分析: 北京奥运的举办将极大地推动旅游经济的发展,而我国目前整个旅游市场的秩序问题则是其中的一个重要相关话题。一般来说,很热的话题不会直接考察,但与之相关的话题,考察的可能性极大,建议考生关注这类话题。
近年来,我国旅游市场犹如一列急驰的快车,发展异常迅猛。但随着“快车”运行速度的加快,车上的“乘客”对服务质量的要求也日渐提高,对此旅游行业高度重视,旅游诚信体系的建设显得极为重要。
一、关于该社会问题的解决对策,结合国内的主流观点,戴斌老师认为主要有以下几点:
(1)健全旅游投诉制度。旅游执法机构及有关部门要加强旅游市场日常监管,坚持日常检查与集中检查相结合,定点检查与抽查相结合。完善统一的旅游咨询投诉受理电话和旅游投诉案件的受理、登记、移交、结案等制度。
(2)对旅行社实行宏观调控,建立健全旅行社市场准入和退出机制。实行旅行社计分考核制,严格旅行社资质等级评定,建立违规旅行社退出制度。
(3)依法规范旅游合同,实行旅游行程表制度。旅游行政主管部门应当建立旅游合同和旅游行程表网上备案系统,实时监管。
(4)健全导游人员管理制度,切实加强对导游人员的监管。实行旅行社、导游人员一体化管理,接受劳动监察部门监督。实行导游人员计分考核管理办法,对因违规扣分达到规定分值的导游人员严格依法处理。
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(5)建立导游人员的自律机制。旅游行业协会要制定导游人员行为规则和服务标准,加强对导游人员的职业道德和执业技能的培训,不断提高导游人员的自身素质和服务质量。
(6)整顿旅游客运汽车市场,切实加强旅游客运汽车监管。整顿和规范旅游客运市场,严格按照车辆经营期限,实行年度审验,对审验不合格或超过经营期限的车辆,强制其退出市场。
(7)加强旅游价格监管,解决旅游价格管理缺位问题。明确省和市县旅游价格管理职责、权限。对游览参观点门票和特种旅游项目实行政府定价管理,其他旅游商品和服务价格实行市场调节价和政府指导价管理相结合的管理办法。制定旅游政府指导价标准并向社会公布,规范旅游收费行为。
(8)完善和规范旅游市场明码标价,建立健全旅游价格公示制度。旅游经营者要诚信经营,提供旅游服务要明码标价,做到商品、标签、证书、发票四统一。
(9)加强旅游市场价格监督检查,依法从严查处不执行政府定价、低于成本削价竞销、虚假广告促销和突破最高调控价经营、虚高标价欺诈宰客、哄抬物价牟取暴利等价格违法行为,营造公平合理的经营环境。
(10)加强旅游线路和旅游消费项目的监管,规范旅游线路和旅游消费项目。旅行社需要将行程安排、收费、服务标准等项目报省旅游行政主管部门备案,并向社会公开。
(11)编制和公布旅游产品目录。戴老师认为,旅游行政主管部门还要统一编制旅游景区景点目录,颁发相应标识,定期向社会公布。
(12)实行游览和购物相对分离制度。旅游购物应当实行游客自愿原则。
(13)推进旅游诚信体系建设。旅游行政主管部门要建立旅游企业诚信档案及旅游企业高、中层管理人员诚信档案;旅游企业要建立从业人员诚信档案。旅游行政主管部门及旅游行业协会组织要建立旅游服务诚信查询系统,为消费者提供旅游企业、旅游从业人员的资信查询,同时做好网上旅游诚信信息的申报工作。实行诚信公告制,及时公布旅游企业及旅游从业人员的相关诚信信息,接受社会监督。
(14)推行旅游团队“诚信特邀监督员”制度,负责全程监督本团队服务质量和行程安排。诚信监督员应当在旅游行程表上签署意见。
(15)旅游行业协会应当通过开展引导旅游企业自律、创建旅游企业诚信、拓展旅游服务领域,积极参与旅游市场的规范、发展和管理,充分发挥协会的监督作用。同时要自觉接受人大、政协的监督,自觉接受社会舆论和新闻媒体的监督,积极引导和鼓励公众参与旅游市场的监督。
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作文八:《关注社会热点话题》5000字
江苏省通州市赵甸中学 赵印国
文章来源:2008年下半年度《试题与研究》
《全日制义务教育历史课程标准》(以下简称《标准》)要求“课程内容的
选择应体现时代性,符合学生的心理特征和认知水平,减少艰深的历史理论和概
念,增加贴近学生生活、贴近社会的内容,有助于学生的终身学习。”各地中考
历史的命题指导思想是以课程标准为依据,自觉地把各项基本要求融入考纲和试
题中去,同时体现考试的评价、甄别功能。在当前新课程改革的大背景下,培养
学生的学科共通能力(探究能力,搜索和处理信息的能力,批判思考能力),情
感、态度和价值观,已在中考历史命题中得到了充分的体现。这一特点具体表现
在,各地中考历史题除了考查基础知识外,还非常注意巧妙引入有关热点话题,
贴近学生实际,让学生认识到历史并不是陈词滥调,历史知识是鲜活生动的。
中考历史引入社会热点话题,缩短了历史与现实的距离,命题形式灵活多样,
考查内容丰富,注重考查学生的识记、理解和迁移能力。从具体的题型来看,有
选择题、改错题、材料分析题、填图填表题、问答题、活动探究题等。具体分析
如下:
中国人的百年奥运梦在2008年8月圆满实现,是值得举国欢庆的大事,有助于提升我们的民族自豪感,影响深远。这一热点在各地中考历史题中已有充分
的体现。如2008年福建福州卷第30题从北京奥运会会徽图标、火炬及圣火的传递图,告诉学生“舞动的北京”图标设计构思取材于中国书法艺术中的小篆,提
问:把小篆作为全国规范文字从哪个朝代开始;从“北京奥运火炬造型设计灵感
来自中国传统的纸卷轴”来设题:“东汉时期哪位人物为纸的普遍使用作出了重
大贡献”;从“奥运圣火来自西方文明发源地”来设题:“西方文明发源地在今
天哪个国家”;从“奥运火炬圆满完成在福州的传递”,让学生“从福州传统工
艺‘三宝’中选择一件礼物送给图三的火炬手留作纪念”等。此题将古今中外相
关知识可谓考了个遍,而且注重能力的考查,充分体现了《标准》中“时代性”
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和“终身学习”方面的考查要求。对奥运相关知识进行考查的还有临沂卷第34
题、泰安卷第1题、重庆卷第5题、攀枝花卷第13题、潍坊卷第6题、宁波卷
第12题等。
2008年,我国从雪灾、洪灾到四川汶川大地震,自然灾害不断。这当然不
可能脱离各地命题者的视线,从高考到中考,甚至小升初,各个学科都有所涉及,
中考历史自然也不例外。如2008年临沂卷第17题,从“在四川抗震救灾的现场上,到处活跃着带有‘红十字’标记的医护人员。‘红十字’成为舍己救人的象
征,始于耶稣被钉死在十字架上”切入,要求回答“红十字”标记起源于哪一宗
教;潍坊卷第1题据“水旱从人,不知饥馑,时无荒年,天下谓之‘天府’也”
问:从历史上看,促使成都平原成为“天府之国”的重要水利工程是什么;扬州
卷第2题直接设问:在“天府之国”的四川,有一项著名的水利工程已造福于人
民2000多年,在今年的5?12汶川特大地震中也未被毁坏,这项工程是什么;
徐州卷第30题从四川地区发生了大地震提问:人们最快获知地震消息的渠道有
可能是什么渠道;重庆卷第11题从在四川汶川大地震发生后的抗震救灾中涌现
出许多可歌可泣的英模,以图片的形式设问:在社会主义道路的探索时期,涌现
出的图片中的杰出人物是谁。总之,这些试题引导学生真正做到“家事、国事、
天下事,事事关心”。
改革开放使中国人民终于富起来,中国的综合国力有了明显增强,国际地位
有了显著提高。改革开放的相关知识是近年来中考历史常考不衰的内容,2008
年尤其多。像盐城卷第38题,将奥运和改革开放两大热点合二为一,可以说是一
个创举。它以“出刊一期墙报”“举办一次论坛”活动,分北京奥运版、改革开
放版来设置相关题目,要求回答奥运火种来自于西方文明之源的哪个国家;北京
最著名的名胜古迹有哪些;中国改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师是谁;中苏两
国改革的不同结果及意义;近代中国被迫开放第一批通商口岸的条约;党的十一
届三中全会以后,我国经济特区的代表、对外开放的“窗口”城市等相关知识。
其实,从这些问题的创设中,可以看出明显的“拼盘”痕迹,对知识点的考查是
分开进行的。也就是说,不管采用何种方式命题,考查的还是相关的基础知识。
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其他如安徽卷第17题、资阳卷第36题、宁波卷第15题、内江卷第11题、潍坊卷第22题、南充卷第25题、临沂卷第35题、徐州卷第32题、重庆第24题、吉林卷第18题等,都考到了有关改革开放的知识,这充分反映了该知识点的重要性,也体现
了历史学科的史鉴功能。
维护祖国统一是每一个国家、每一个爱国者的必然选择。这几年,台湾问题
几乎是每年中考必考的热点话题,如由此设题:有关维护国家统一的美国总统林
肯及其功绩的评价;维护祖国统一是中华民族的坚强决心,是任何人都阻止不了
的。2008年随着马英九在台湾的上台,他实施了一系列旨在维护台海现状、绝
不谋求“**”的政策措施,使得台海地区保持了政治、军事稳定,台湾与大陆
的经贸往来日益密切。但是2008年3月14日,在西藏、四川、青海等藏族聚居
区却先后发生了多起打、砸、抢、烧暴乱事件,给人们的生命和财产造成了严重
损失,祖国的统一和安定团结的政治局面受到严重挑战。所以,西藏问题进入了
命题人的视野。如2008年安徽卷第4题,从2008年3月在西藏拉萨市区发生了打、砸、抢、烧严重暴力犯罪事件,其意图是挑拨藏族同胞与中央政府的关系,
分裂祖国的举动切入,指出事实上,新中国成立后,中央政府对待西藏一直给予
特殊照顾政策,要求回答这是什么政策。重庆卷第23题,则从文成公主入藏、清朝设立驻藏大臣及2006年7月青藏铁路全线开通来设问:文成公主入藏的历
史作用、说明中央政权是怎样强化驻藏大臣权力的、综合三则材料能获得哪些重
要结论等。其他还有潍坊卷第21题、资阳卷第37题、扬州卷第29题、武汉卷第21题、武汉卷第32题、连云港卷第2题、宁波卷第14题、泰安卷第16题等从不同角度考查了西藏问题的相关知识。可以毫不隐讳地说,西藏问题在今后几
年的中考中,仍是重要的命题材料。同学们要注意掌握有关西藏的知识点,如藏
传佛教,达赖、班禅的转世及其认定,历史上西藏和中央政权的关系的演进、汉
藏友好关系(包括政治、经济、文化的交流)的发展等。
中国和日本同为亚洲大国,对亚太地区的和平与稳定有着至
关重要的作用。中日两国“合作则两利,对抗则两伤”。中日关系一直都是中国
社会各界密切关注的热点,自然中考命题人也不愿轻易放弃。加上2007年是日
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本发动全面侵华战争70周年,也是南京大屠杀70周年,所以2008年中考历史考到中日关系,就不足为奇了。如2008年潍坊卷第23题,从**总理在日本
国会上的演讲到2006年10月日本首相安倍晋三访华的“破冰之旅”、2007年**总理访日的“融冰之旅”、2008年****的“暖春之旅”,再到
中日两国双边贸易额、人员往来、友好城市交往等情况一览表来设题,涉及中日
战争、日本的反省、中日关系的发展概况等一系列问题,引导学生将历史知识与
现实问题联系起来。又如宁波卷第19题,选取材料:2008年5月,**主席访日时指出:“我们强调牢记历史并不是要延续仇恨,而是要以史为鉴、面向未
来,珍爱和平、维护和平,让中日两国人民世世代代友好下去,让各国人民永享
太平。”设置问题:中日关系的历史信息;以1945年为界,概括中日关系前后
两个阶段的主要特点;中日关系的蓝图;从时代主题的角度描绘未来。
中国近代史上,俄国强占了中国一百五十多万平方公里的领
土;俄国十月革命后,支持中国革命;新中国成立后,实行“一边倒”的外交战
略;当前,中俄关系仍很重要。因此有关中俄关系的知识点,也常常被命题人所
关注。如2008年临沂卷第36题,从中俄互办“国家年”活动圆满结束来设题,
分析中俄互办“国家年”活动的目的、 圣彼得堡于 1924年和1991年两次更名的主要原因等。
每年中考历史都会考到一些与历史名人相关的知识,所以重
视有关历史名人的诞生或去世的周年纪念,是备考的一个重要方面。2008年**总理诞辰110周年,相关考题就很多。如2008年重庆卷第8题、潍坊卷第14题、临沂卷第15~16题、泰安卷第8题、徐州卷第24题、扬州卷第32题等。其他重要的历史人物如孔子、拿破仑、罗斯福、丘吉尔、**等,其相关知识
也都出现在考卷中。
“科学技术是第一生产力”,科技革命推动了社会进步、时
代的发展。有关科技革命的知识,可谓常考不衰。如2008年南京卷第33题、乐山卷第27题、泰安卷第18题等。科技革命与当今人类生活密切相关,人类的衣
食住行、生产生活方式、国际竞争等无不深受科技革命的影响,因此这一专题是
每年中考复习都要关注的热点。与此相关,像计算机系统的演变,电子商务的发
展,航空航天、生物工程等军事工业、民用工业方面的科技创新等,都有可能作
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为命题资料,学生要高度重视有关最新的热点材料,结合所学知识,予以理解和
把握。
综上分析,各地中考历史命题凸显着力追踪社会热点话题的特色。面对这些以时政面貌出现的试题,不少同学会觉得有一定的难度。其实,这样的题目“问
题在课外,答案在书中”。这就要求学生“以不变应万变”,紧扣《标准》和当
地的《考试大纲》(或《考试说明》),做到“以本(指课本)为本”、把握“双
基”(基础知识、基本技能),加强训练,有效备考。具体方法如下:
建构知识网络,可以从纵向和横向两个方面着手。从纵向看,每学完一课,学生都要对本课的所有知识点进行总结,从事件的背景(原因)、时间、主要人
物、过程、结果、影响等方面,用大括号的形式,及时整理归纳。这样在以后的
复习中,学生只要翻开笔记本,看着大括号内的基本知识框架,就可以轻松回顾
有关知识点,进而达到巩固提高的效果。从横向看,学生可以把具有相同的历史
概念的相关知识点进行整理归纳,分革命、战争(战役)、改革、科学技术、文
化、宗教等方面,采用列表的形式更简洁,利于记忆。如关于英、法、美资产阶
级革命,可以从国籍、时间、原因、领导阶级、领导人、主要大事、事件的影响
等方面列表整理。复习时,按照表中所列知识点回忆思考,不懂之处再结合前面
纵向整理的内容,最终打下牢固的知识基础,建构好自己的知识网络。
历史的长河奔腾不息,现实是过去的延续,将来是今天的延伸。 历史学习的
目标之一,就是“以史为鉴”,发挥历史的教育功能,培养学生正确的人生观、
历史观、价值观,情感、态度、价值观又是新课标的三维目标之一,所以近年来
各地的中考历史几乎都要考到有关历史启示、感悟类问题。如世界近代史上俄国、
日本通过改革成功地进入历史发展的高一级阶段,但是现代的东欧剧变和苏联解
体却是改革失败造成的,这一现实给了我们怎样的启示;林肯注重维护国家统一
获得人民的高度支持和永久怀念,从中我们感悟到了什么等。为此,学生在学到
有关知识时,一定要善于思考,善于在老师的引导下联系现实问题,加强这方面
的训练。
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对历史名人,要求学生重点关注涉及诞生或去世的周年纪念的历史名人,把
握他们的历史功绩及给我们的启示等。
关于周年纪念类试题,除了涉及周年纪念的历史名人外,还要关注此类历史
事件。如2006年是红军长征70周年,2007年是香港回归10周年、南昌起义80周年、抗日战争全面爆发70周年,2008年是党的十一届三中全会召开、改革开
放30周年,当年的中考中,考查此类知识的试题特别多。2009年是澳门回归10周年、新中国成立60周年、巴黎和会召开90周年、五四运动90周年、东欧剧变20周年、英国《权利法案》通过从而确立君主立宪制320周年、法国大革命爆发220周年等,与之有关的历史知识点,同学们要全面复习,牢固掌握。
关于大国首脑互访、重大活动开展、重大会议召开、重大自然灾害及其他
突发事件等,这些社会热点话题,都有可能成为中考命题的切入点。2008年值得关注的大事有:北京奥运会成功举办、各大国首脑欢聚北京等; 2008年、2009年可以预知的大事有:“神舟”七号上天、“嫦娥”二号升空等。对于这些大事,
学生要时时关注与之有关的知识点,做到有备无患。
最后送大家一句顺口溜:热点年年有,年年大不同;常做有心人,方能获成
功。
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作文九:《社会热点话题分析》3800字
论文抄袭
抄袭、剽窃等学术不端行为主要是学风、教风的问题。虽然彻底禁绝学术不端行为的想法并不现实,但从内因上可以通过学生加强道德自律,从外因上可以通过教育和纪律等方法进行防治。具体而言,可分为三个方面:首先,学校和老师应当重视对学生学术道德的教育,让学生形成遵守学术规范的意识。其次,教师要以身作则,带头遵守学术规范,维护学术环境;再次,要严格惩处学术不端行为,抄袭者必须为其行为付出代价。如果没有惩处只会纵容抄袭等现象的频频发生。
著名教育问题研究专家熊丙奇博士认为,防止“学位论文抄袭”的关键在于真正实行导师制。他指出,近年来出现的学位论文抄袭事件,共同的原因是在平时培养中,老师对学生的指导很少,在审阅学生的论文时,导师放宽要求,甚至有的老师根本就没认真审阅。现行制度下的中期答辩、论文盲审等,都很难真正避免论文质量不高、学术不端问题。不改革制度想避免学术不端,是不可能完成的任务。
剖析公务员热:是盲从还是理性选择
观点一:公务员热其实是社会病态的一个表现 公务员热首先是因为大学生就业门路不够宽,大学生到社会各行各业寻求发展的意愿与机会都在降低,在金融危机之后,就连外企的吸引力都打了折扣;其次,是因为愿意创业的人少了,这比上世纪八九十年代倒退了很多。 这么多人同时报考公务员,本身是社会资源的巨大浪费,不仅是经济成本高得不合理,而且无论对社会,还是对个人来说,都完全不是一个开拓创新的局面。从社会心理角度而言,这是一种不正常的竞争氛围,对青年人的成长是不利的,大量的同类型人才聚在一起,根本就是无谓的消耗。如果上千个人涌向同一个岗位,竞争力耗在诸如行政能力测试上,让社会精英自相残杀,这根本就是人才的浪费。 公务员热其实是社会病态的一个表现,全社会成功指标单一,变成以能在行政阶梯里爬得高为荣耀。但归根到底,还是政府自身的行为造成了这样的困境—学而优则仕,本来改革开放就是要打破这个东西,但30年之后又回到了这种状态。大学生一毕业就要去考公务员的状态是扭曲的,它会扼杀社会的活力,应该要纠正过来。 公务员热还与我国政府权力独大、垄断各种社会资源的局面有关,权力的诱惑是无穷的,要改变这种局面,形成政府、市场与社会各有各的权力场域的合理状态,取决于政府权力的下放。社会上的民间组织、企业要良好有序地发展,政府要做一些扶持性、引导性的工作,包括营造一种能在这些方面取得成功的社会氛围,创立更多的条件让民间的组织去发展,因为它们最能提供就业机会。 观点二:考公务员是一种经济理性的选择 现在许多媒体把公务员热过分夸大,其实,从2004年到现在,大学扩招的数量非常大,因此报考公务员人数增多不足为奇。他们大多数人只是把它当作一条就业途径,就像同时给几个公司投简历一样,并没有花很多时间、很多精力来准备公务员考试。 公务员在东方国家,天然地具有比较高的社会地位,官本位的传统观念对学生的影响比较大,学生的决策又常受父母、亲人的影响,父母一般会认为做公务员比较稳定、比较体面,所以鼓励子女考公务员。但在西方国家,公务员只是很一般的职业,这种观念也在一定程度上推高了报考公务员的人数。现在社会上有一种不良的导向,认为当了公务员之后就可以如何如何,但事实上,一般的公务员没有这么多特权,反而可能有很多不自由,经常要加班,他们的痛苦外界不一定知道;而且普通公务员收入并不高,除非到了一定的领导职位,才可能会有额外的收入,但是如果中央给公务员加工资,肯定会引起全社会一片哗然。 中国是个人口大国,国考热是没有办法的,受金融危机的影响,社会的就业情况并不好,而像公务员这种比较稳定又有社会地位的工作比较少,公务员热是一个被迫的选择,因为其他的就业渠道太少或难以进入。首先,国企有自己的一套体系,一般要有关系才可以进,国考相对公平一些;其次,民企没那么稳定,而且由于近几年国企的拓展,对民企形成了很大的压力;再次,一般性的非政府组织,特别是草根组织,待遇都很差。所以,作为一个经济人,考公务员肯定会成为热门选
择。 公务员热的破解之道,还是要发展市场经济和公民社会,民企要越来越强大,越来越规范,能够给劳动者提供必要的劳动保障。对于非营利组织,政府要摒弃从前的理念,习惯让其他的主体与它们共同治理,降低非营利组织的成立门槛,从社会层面治疗中国的疾病,同时也为政府分担一些责任。 观点三:人才资源的浪费是最大的浪费 公务员的岗位比较稳定、流动性不强、工资高、福利好,这是当前公务员热的重要社会原因。公务员热并不是一个好的现象,各行各业最优秀的人才,应该在各自的专业岗位上发挥他们的聪明才智,而不是拼命钻到体制中去。过去不是这样,大学生是很清高的,都不愿意到政府机关当公务员,而想到大企业、科研单位、高校去发展,现在有了很大的扭转,这种现象说明大学生由理想主义转向了现实主义,正在变得世俗化。 人才资源的浪费是最大的浪费,在公务员的岗位上,由于官僚体制的束缚,难以充分发挥他们的聪明才智。一些硕士、博士本可能在自己所学的专业岗位上,作出比当公务员更大的贡献,但受到公务员热这种价值导向的影响都当官去了,他们的专业价值、学术价值、创新价值,可能有些就不能体现出来。不能创造社会财富,创造一些新的价值理念,这就是人才的浪费。 公务员考试是政治制度改革中一项值得肯定的措施,它为普通大众进入官员队伍开通了渠道,过去都是上级任命,需要一定的家庭背景,现在对大众开放,人人机会平等,这是中国政治的进步。但是现实的情况,决定了这种招考公务员制度造成了巨大的浪费,所以我们可以考虑做一些改进,比如让学校推荐,因为学校共青团、党组织对学生都比较了解,可以推荐一些,这种人才选拔渠道,可能更符合中国的国情,同时能够降低公务员考试的成本。 观点四:公务员热并非一个不正常的现象 要科学地鉴定公务员热背后的深层原因,必须对参加公务员考试的人进行实证调查。实际上公务员的待遇并不高,前些年,大家都不愿意当公务员,因为福利太差,现在很多人报,这与整个就业环境有关。现在就业困难,而刚从学校出来的大学生、研究生又很会考试,所以他们很多人把考公务员当作了第一选项。 我们不能只通过140万这个绝对数字就说考公务员的人太多了,这是不客观的,现在的大学毕业生越来越多,所以考公务员的人数也会相应增加。跟国外的情况一样,当经济不景气、就业困难的时候,大家都会报考公务员,因为公务员比较稳定,失业可能性相对较小;当经济发展良好,就业机会增多,大家一般都会找企业,因为企业收入高,现在还没有完全走出金融危机,公务员热是正常的。 公务员作为国家的管理人才,需要专门的知识和一定的训练,它跟当官是两回事,它是一项职业,需要专门的技能。但是目前我国的公务员跟做官没有明确区分,我国的公务员制度和人事制度改革一直存在问题,政务官跟事务官不分,混在一起,所以我们还不是现代化的公务员管理制度。公务员需要专业化,如果公务员全部按照官员的标准定级,造成的问题会非常多。 公务员既包括一般的办事员、打字员,也包括高级行政长官,现代国家管理分得非常细,需要各式各样的人才,比如计算机人才、教育学人才、经济分析师等等,因此,从大专生到博士、博士后、留学生,都能在公务员系统里找到发挥作用的岗位。公务员并不是一个简单的、办点杂事的职业,而是一个非常复杂的职业群体,任何一个企业或社会组织都不可能与政府公务员队伍相比。 要解决大学生的择业难题,国家需要提供更详细的劳动就业信息,把大学生就业的整体情况告诉大家,为他们提供指导,包括有多少人报考公务员,多少人选择企业,各行业就业趋势如何等。现在就业形势严峻,无论哪个岗位都会有很多人抢,所以公务员热并非一个不正常的现象。有的人拿现在的公务员数量与历史上的情况相比,认为现在的官员太多,这样比是不科学的,因为现代政府所承担的职能要比封建王朝时期多得多,对应的官员数量也必然要更多,如果拿现在中国大陆的官民比例与香港或者美国比,我们并不算高。
人民日报 :网络热词 凭什么一语风行 “蚁族闹蜗居,神马驾浮云”,从虚拟世界到现实生活,网络热词已经成为一种醒目的社会现象和文化存在,其影响越来
越难以忽视。
网络热词这么“热”,深层原因何在,它折射出了怎样的社会心理和意识,如何理性看待网络热词,怎样客观评价网络热词的社会文化功能,在词汇爆炸的时代,我们怎样兼顾文化的活力与品质,怎样最大程度发挥网络热词对社会的正面效应,如何促使其成为文化发展、社会进步的正面推动力量,本期“时事观察”,我们一起讨论“网络热词”。
网络热词为什么这么“热”
北京师范大学文学院教授 刁晏斌
网络热词走红,最根本的原因是当今社会的发展和进步,它集中表现了国人的参与意识和监督意识,也反映了“雷人”、调侃、“山寨”等社会心理和文化征候。
其实,网络热词不只是“词”:小到一个词或词的构成单位,大到一个完整的句子,都在它的所指范围内。并且,无论从来源渠道还是使用范围来说,网络热词也不仅仅限于网络世界,在现实世界中也经常见到它们的身影。
网络热词为什么会“热”起来,最根本的原因是当今社会的发展和进步:一是人们的物质需求得到基本的满足并有了一定的保障,这才开始注重精神方面的追求、刺激和满足;二是人们的思想空前解放、社会氛围宽松自由;三是互联网时代所提供的巨大便利。
作文十:《5社会热点话题》1400字
社会热点话题
用My View On Fake Commodity改写Brain Drain
Brain Drain
Brain drain is a delicate problem with which our country is confronted. In the last ten years or so, a lot of scientists and technicians have swarmed into developed countries for further studies or research work, let alone numerous promising students. And there are no indications that they will be back home before long. Our country has paid the expenses of training them but lost them. How did that e about?
It is self-evident that their delay of ing back is due to those favorable working and living conditions which are essential to research work. Sophisticated equipment makes it easier for one to gain academic achievements. Our petent scientists abroad are offered higher rewards and greater opportunities which contribute to their success in career.
It seems that it isn't impossible to solve the problem and attract the scientists and the like back home so long as great importance is attached to the intellectual's deserving treatment and effective measures are taken to provide them with excellent pay and agreeable conditions.
社会现象和热点话题
My View on Brain Drain
The preva
ee a thing of the past.
[讲义] 15.A +{Number\multitude}+ of factors, both + {physical and psychological\academic and professional\individual and social} + {affect\influence\contribute to\ promote},….
less developed country 发展中国家
least developed country 穷国